{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2073-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2073-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2073-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 2073 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2073,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2478325.770833,"kali_year":5175,"ahargana":1889860.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.4222,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":269.1411,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":255.719,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.719},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":269.1411,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4745},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.5633},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2073,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2478325.770833,"ahargana":1889860.2708,"kali_year":5175,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.8773,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.515387999999973,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":271.64068799999995,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.7043},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":346.064488,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":11.12378799999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":70.41648800000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":328.241988,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":207.520988,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":126.1082,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":306.1082,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2073,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2478325.770833,"kali_year":5175,"ahargana":1889860.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.4222,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":269.1411,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":22,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Saptamī","elongation_degrees":255.719,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.719},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":269.1411,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.4745},"yoga":{"number":22,"name":"Sādhya","sum_longitude":282.5633},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":42,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.704,"elongation":104.281},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.704,"opposition_distance":75.719}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:09","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":12.705088629117448,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 18 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 42 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:07","moonsetLocal":"11:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:55","end":"12:31","startHours":10.920771085436657,"endHours":12.508907164076337,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:41","end":"17:16","startHours":15.685179321355701,"endHours":17.27331539999538,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:45","end":"09:20","startHours":7.744498928157295,"endHours":9.332635006796977,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:33","startHours":9.120883529645019,"endHours":9.544386483948934,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:41","end":"07:01","startHours":6.6857415423975075,"endHours":7.024543905840639,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:56","startHours":12.085404209772422,"endHours":12.932410118380252,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:28","end":"05:19","startHours":4.462351032301955,"endHours":5.309356940909784,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:06","end":"06:09","startHours":5.0976054637578265,"endHours":6.156362849517614,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:28","startHours":14.626421935595914,"endHours":15.473427844203744,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.661451478635062,"endHours":19.06145147863506,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:23","startHours":18.86145147863506,"endHours":19.390830171514956,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.61145147863506,"endHours":20.36145147863506,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:56","startHours":24.085404209772424,"endHours":24.93241011838025,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:09","end":"07:45","startHours":6.156362849517614,"endHours":7.744498928157295,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:45","end":"09:20","startHours":7.744498928157295,"endHours":9.332635006796977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:20","end":"10:55","startHours":9.332635006796977,"endHours":10.920771085436657,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:55","end":"12:31","startHours":10.920771085436657,"endHours":12.508907164076337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:31","end":"14:06","startHours":12.508907164076337,"endHours":14.097043242716019,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.097043242716019,"endHours":15.685179321355701,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:41","end":"17:16","startHours":15.685179321355701,"endHours":17.27331539999538,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"17:16","end":"18:52","startHours":17.27331539999538,"endHours":18.86145147863506,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:52","end":"20:16","startHours":18.86145147863506,"endHours":20.27331539999538,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"20:16","end":"21:41","startHours":20.27331539999538,"endHours":21.685179321355697,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:41","end":"23:06","startHours":21.685179321355697,"endHours":23.09704324271602,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:06","end":"00:31","startHours":23.09704324271602,"endHours":24.508907164076337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:31","end":"01:55","startHours":24.508907164076337,"endHours":25.920771085436655,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:55","end":"03:20","startHours":25.920771085436655,"endHours":27.332635006796977,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:20","end":"04:45","startHours":27.332635006796977,"endHours":28.744498928157295,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:45","end":"06:09","startHours":28.744498928157295,"endHours":30.156362849517613,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.156362849517614,"endHours":7.156362849517614,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.156362849517614,"endHours":8.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.156362849517613,"endHours":9.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.156362849517613,"endHours":10.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.156362849517613,"endHours":11.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.156362849517613,"endHours":12.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.156362849517613,"endHours":13.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.156362849517613,"endHours":14.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.156362849517613,"endHours":15.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.156362849517613,"endHours":16.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.156362849517613,"endHours":17.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.156362849517613,"endHours":18.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.156362849517613,"endHours":19.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.156362849517613,"endHours":20.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.156362849517613,"endHours":21.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.156362849517613,"endHours":22.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.156362849517613,"endHours":23.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.156362849517613,"endHours":24.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.156362849517613,"endHours":25.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.156362849517613,"endHours":26.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.156362849517613,"endHours":27.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.156362849517613,"endHours":28.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.156362849517613,"endHours":29.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.156362849517613,"endHours":30.156362849517613,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.300700189287882,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":24.8773}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2130,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1995,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1480,"malayalam_era":1249,"nanakshahi_year":604,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Saptamī · Vikram 2130 Parābhava · Śaka 1995 Vijaya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 2073 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 2073 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:09, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2073-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2073-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2073-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2073-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2073-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:24:23.705Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-06-01T00:24:23.705Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-06-01T00:24:23.705Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}