{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2072-10-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2072-10-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2072-10-28","date_display":"October 28, 2072 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2072,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2478143.770833,"kali_year":5174,"ahargana":1889678.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":189.7342,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":21.6,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":191.8658,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.8658},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":21.6,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2666},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":211.3341},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2072,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2478143.770833,"ahargana":1889678.2708,"kali_year":5174,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.8703,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":190.61024199999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":21.87764199999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.1054},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":207.008642,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":205.53434200000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":74.82124199999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":229.69944199999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":199.45144200000004,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":135.7514,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":315.7514,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2072,"month":10,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2478143.770833,"kali_year":5174,"ahargana":1889678.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":189.7342,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":21.6,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":191.8658,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.8658},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":21.6,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.2666},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":211.3341},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":31,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.105,"elongation":168.134},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.105,"opposition_distance":11.866}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:29","sunsetLocal":"18:04","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.574990379591803,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 34 Mins 30 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 25 Mins 30 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:38","moonsetLocal":"07:25","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.830179606892834,"endHours":12.27705340434181,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:10","end":"16:37","startHours":15.170800999239761,"endHours":16.617674796688735,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:56","end":"09:23","startHours":7.936432011994884,"endHours":9.38330580944386,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:35","startHours":9.190389303117328,"endHours":9.576222315770389,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:58","end":"07:17","startHours":6.971849480362234,"endHours":7.280515890484683,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:53","end":"12:40","startHours":11.89122039168875,"endHours":12.662886416994871,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:57","end":"05:43","startHours":4.946226163933669,"endHours":5.717892189239788,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:31","end":"06:29","startHours":5.524975682913259,"endHours":6.489558214545909,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:12","end":"14:59","startHours":14.20621846760711,"endHours":14.97788449291323,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:52","end":"18:16","startHours":17.864548594137712,"endHours":18.26454859413771,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:04","end":"18:33","startHours":18.06454859413771,"endHours":18.546839859954037,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:49","end":"19:34","startHours":17.81454859413771,"endHours":19.56454859413771,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:53","end":"00:40","startHours":23.89122039168875,"endHours":24.66288641699487,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:29","end":"07:56","startHours":6.489558214545909,"endHours":7.936432011994884,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:56","end":"09:23","startHours":7.936432011994884,"endHours":9.38330580944386,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:23","end":"10:50","startHours":9.38330580944386,"endHours":10.830179606892834,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.830179606892834,"endHours":12.27705340434181,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:17","end":"13:43","startHours":12.27705340434181,"endHours":13.723927201790787,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:43","end":"15:10","startHours":13.723927201790787,"endHours":15.170800999239761,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:10","end":"16:37","startHours":15.170800999239761,"endHours":16.617674796688735,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:37","end":"18:04","startHours":16.617674796688735,"endHours":18.06454859413771,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:04","end":"19:37","startHours":18.06454859413771,"endHours":19.617674796688735,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:37","end":"21:10","startHours":19.617674796688735,"endHours":21.17080099923976,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:10","end":"22:43","startHours":21.17080099923976,"endHours":22.723927201790787,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:43","end":"00:17","startHours":22.723927201790787,"endHours":24.27705340434181,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:17","end":"01:50","startHours":24.27705340434181,"endHours":25.830179606892834,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:50","end":"03:23","startHours":25.830179606892834,"endHours":27.38330580944386,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:23","end":"04:56","startHours":27.38330580944386,"endHours":28.936432011994885,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:56","end":"06:29","startHours":28.936432011994885,"endHours":30.48955821454591,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.489558214545909,"endHours":7.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.489558214545909,"endHours":8.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.489558214545909,"endHours":9.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.489558214545909,"endHours":10.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.489558214545909,"endHours":11.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.489558214545909,"endHours":12.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.489558214545909,"endHours":13.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.489558214545909,"endHours":14.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.489558214545909,"endHours":15.489558214545909,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.489558214545909,"endHours":16.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.48955821454591,"endHours":17.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.48955821454591,"endHours":18.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.48955821454591,"endHours":19.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.48955821454591,"endHours":20.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.48955821454591,"endHours":21.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.48955821454591,"endHours":22.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.48955821454591,"endHours":23.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.48955821454591,"endHours":24.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.48955821454591,"endHours":25.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.48955821454591,"endHours":26.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.48955821454591,"endHours":27.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.48955821454591,"endHours":28.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.48955821454591,"endHours":29.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":29.48955821454591,"endHours":30.48955821454591,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-13.347381288106428,"eotMinutes":16.40359573949132,"ayanamsa":24.8703}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2129,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1994,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1479,"malayalam_era":1248,"nanakshahi_year":603,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2129 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1994 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 28, 2072 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 28, 2072 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:29, sūryāsta 18:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2072-10-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2072-10-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2072-10-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2072-10-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2072-10-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T18:27:50.775Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-22T18:27:50.775Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-22T18:27:50.775Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}