{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2068-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2068-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2068-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2068 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2068,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2476396.770833,"kali_year":5169,"ahargana":1887931.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.6307,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":51.8306,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":141.1999,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.1999},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":51.8306,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8306},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.4614},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2068,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2476396.770833,"ahargana":1887931.2708,"kali_year":5169,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.8035,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.90328999999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":52.82839000000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.2756},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":4.071489999999983,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":285.68228999999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":269.82889,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":310.2322899999999,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":148.47348999999997,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":228.3159,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":48.3159,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2068,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2476396.770833,"kali_year":5169,"ahargana":1887931.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":270.6307,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":51.8306,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":141.1999,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.1999},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":51.8306,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.8306},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":322.4614},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.276,"elongation":141.2},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.276,"opposition_distance":38.8}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:43","dayLengthHours":11.242896965155577,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 14 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 45 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:39","moonsetLocal":"04:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.495908663762954,"endHours":9.901270784407401,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:18","end":"12:43","startHours":11.306632905051849,"endHours":12.711995025696297,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:31","startHours":14.117357146340744,"endHours":15.522719266985188,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:05","startHours":9.713889168321476,"endHours":10.088652400493327,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.559000583333323,"endHours":7.858811169070806,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:20","end":"13:05","startHours":12.337231793524442,"endHours":13.086758257868148,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.591493614431097,"endHours":6.341020078774802,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:05","startHours":6.153638462688876,"endHours":7.090546543118507,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:35","end":"15:20","startHours":14.585811186555558,"endHours":15.335337650899262,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:08","end":"18:32","startHours":18.133443508274084,"endHours":18.533443508274082,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:20","end":"18:48","startHours":18.333443508274083,"endHours":18.8018975484889,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:05","end":"19:50","startHours":18.083443508274083,"endHours":19.833443508274083,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:20","end":"01:05","startHours":24.337231793524445,"endHours":25.086758257868148,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.090546543118507,"endHours":8.495908663762954,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.495908663762954,"endHours":9.901270784407401,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:54","end":"11:18","startHours":9.901270784407401,"endHours":11.306632905051849,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:18","end":"12:43","startHours":11.306632905051849,"endHours":12.711995025696297,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:43","end":"14:07","startHours":12.711995025696297,"endHours":14.117357146340744,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:07","end":"15:31","startHours":14.117357146340744,"endHours":15.522719266985188,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:31","end":"16:56","startHours":15.522719266985188,"endHours":16.928081387629636,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:56","end":"18:20","startHours":16.928081387629636,"endHours":18.333443508274083,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:20","end":"19:56","startHours":18.333443508274083,"endHours":19.928081387629636,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:56","end":"21:31","startHours":19.928081387629636,"endHours":21.522719266985188,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:31","end":"23:07","startHours":21.522719266985188,"endHours":23.117357146340744,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:07","end":"00:43","startHours":23.117357146340744,"endHours":24.711995025696297,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:43","end":"02:18","startHours":24.711995025696297,"endHours":26.30663290505185,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:18","end":"03:54","startHours":26.30663290505185,"endHours":27.9012707844074,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:54","end":"05:30","startHours":27.9012707844074,"endHours":29.495908663762954,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:30","end":"07:05","startHours":29.495908663762954,"endHours":31.090546543118506,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.090546543118507,"endHours":8.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.090546543118506,"endHours":9.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.090546543118506,"endHours":10.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.090546543118506,"endHours":11.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.090546543118506,"endHours":12.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.090546543118506,"endHours":13.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.090546543118506,"endHours":14.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.090546543118506,"endHours":15.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.090546543118506,"endHours":16.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.090546543118506,"endHours":17.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.090546543118506,"endHours":18.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.090546543118506,"endHours":19.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.090546543118506,"endHours":20.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.090546543118506,"endHours":21.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.090546543118506,"endHours":22.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.090546543118506,"endHours":23.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.090546543118506,"endHours":24.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.090546543118506,"endHours":25.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.090546543118506,"endHours":26.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.090546543118506,"endHours":27.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.090546543118506,"endHours":28.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.090546543118506,"endHours":29.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.090546543118506,"endHours":30.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.090546543118506,"endHours":31.090546543118506,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-20.99995023088065,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":24.8035}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2125,"vikram_samvatsara":"Plava","saka_samvat":1990,"saka_samvatsara":"Sarvadhāri","bengali_samvat":1475,"malayalam_era":1244,"nanakshahi_year":599,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2125 Plava · Śaka 1990 Sarvadhāri"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7, 6.34-35.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk","steps":[{"label":"BG 6.5","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/5","purpose":"Lift the self by the Self; begin the walk with inner responsibility."},{"label":"BG 6.6","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/6","purpose":"See the mind as friend when mastered and enemy when unmastered."},{"label":"BG 6.7","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/7","purpose":"Stabilize the conquered mind in heat/cold, honor/dishonor, pleasure/pain."},{"label":"BG 6.34","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/34","purpose":"Name the restless mind honestly before trying to discipline it."},{"label":"BG 6.35","url":"/bhagavad-gita/6/35","purpose":"Complete with abhyāsa and vairāgya: practice and detachment."}]},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2068 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2068 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2068-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2068-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2068-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2068-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2068-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T04:08:15.923Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T04:08:15.923Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-05T04:08:15.923Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}