{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2048-04-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2048-04-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2048-04-28","date_display":"April 28, 2048 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2048,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2469194.770833,"kali_year":5150,"ahargana":1880729.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.8759,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":186.9053,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":173.0294,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0294},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":186.9053,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2387},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.7813},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2048,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2469194.770833,"ahargana":1880729.2708,"kali_year":5150,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.528,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.913159000000007,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":187.962759,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.0089},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":235.100959,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":32.59295900000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":36.35865899999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":5.083758999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":260.601359,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":249.9125,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":69.9125,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2048,"month":4,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2469194.770833,"kali_year":5150,"ahargana":1880729.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":13.8759,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":186.9053,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":173.0294,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.0294},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1,"moon_longitude":186.9053,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.2387},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":200.7813},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.009,"elongation":173.029},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.009,"opposition_distance":6.971}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:09","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":12.705764154836821,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:19","moonsetLocal":"05:54","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:16","startHours":15.685348202785544,"endHours":17.273568722140144,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:20","end":"10:55","startHours":9.332466125367134,"endHours":10.920686644721735,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:31","end":"14:06","startHours":12.508907164076337,"endHours":14.09712768343094,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:33","startHours":9.120703389453187,"endHours":9.54422886128108,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:41","end":"07:01","startHours":6.685431926442795,"endHours":7.02425230390511,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:56","startHours":12.085381692248443,"endHours":12.932432635904231,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:28","end":"05:19","startHours":4.4619231993463515,"endHours":5.308974143002139,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:06","end":"06:09","startHours":5.097211407088192,"endHours":6.156025086657928,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:28","startHours":14.626534523215806,"endHours":15.473585466871594,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.66178924149475,"endHours":19.061789241494747,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:23","startHours":18.861789241494748,"endHours":19.391196081279617,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.611789241494748,"endHours":20.361789241494748,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:56","startHours":24.085381692248443,"endHours":24.93243263590423,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:09","end":"07:45","startHours":6.156025086657928,"endHours":7.74424560601253,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:45","end":"09:20","startHours":7.74424560601253,"endHours":9.332466125367134,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:20","end":"10:55","startHours":9.332466125367134,"endHours":10.920686644721735,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:55","end":"12:31","startHours":10.920686644721735,"endHours":12.508907164076337,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:31","end":"14:06","startHours":12.508907164076337,"endHours":14.09712768343094,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.09712768343094,"endHours":15.685348202785544,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:41","end":"17:16","startHours":15.685348202785544,"endHours":17.273568722140144,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:16","end":"18:52","startHours":17.273568722140144,"endHours":18.861789241494748,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:52","end":"20:16","startHours":18.861789241494748,"endHours":20.273568722140144,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:16","end":"21:41","startHours":20.273568722140144,"endHours":21.68534820278554,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:41","end":"23:06","startHours":21.68534820278554,"endHours":23.09712768343094,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:06","end":"00:31","startHours":23.09712768343094,"endHours":24.508907164076337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:31","end":"01:55","startHours":24.508907164076337,"endHours":25.920686644721734,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:55","end":"03:20","startHours":25.920686644721734,"endHours":27.332466125367134,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:20","end":"04:45","startHours":27.332466125367134,"endHours":28.74424560601253,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:45","end":"06:09","startHours":28.74424560601253,"endHours":30.156025086657927,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.156025086657928,"endHours":7.156025086657928,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.156025086657928,"endHours":8.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.156025086657927,"endHours":9.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.156025086657927,"endHours":10.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.156025086657927,"endHours":11.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.156025086657927,"endHours":12.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.156025086657927,"endHours":13.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.156025086657927,"endHours":14.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.156025086657927,"endHours":15.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.156025086657927,"endHours":16.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.156025086657927,"endHours":17.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.156025086657927,"endHours":18.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.156025086657927,"endHours":19.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.156025086657927,"endHours":20.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.156025086657927,"endHours":21.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.156025086657927,"endHours":22.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.156025086657927,"endHours":23.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.156025086657927,"endHours":24.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.156025086657927,"endHours":25.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.156025086657927,"endHours":26.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.156025086657927,"endHours":27.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.156025086657927,"endHours":28.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.156025086657927,"endHours":29.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.156025086657927,"endHours":30.156025086657927,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":14.316288645719986,"eotMinutes":2.4923701554198168,"ayanamsa":24.528}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2105,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","saka_samvat":1970,"saka_samvatsara":"Vibhava","bengali_samvat":1455,"malayalam_era":1224,"nanakshahi_year":579,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2105 Vṛṣa · Śaka 1970 Vibhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"hanuman-jayanti","name":"Hanumān Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"हनुमान जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Hanumān (Rudra-aṁśa, Rāma-bhakta)","significance":"Birth of Hanumān (Caitra Pūrṇimā tradition; some traditions Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa 14).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Sundara-Kāṇḍa"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 28, 2048 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 28, 2048 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:09, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2048-04-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2048-04-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2048-04-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2048-04-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2048-04-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:39:03.663Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:39:03.663Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T11:39:03.663Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}