{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2045-01-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2045-01-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2045-01-31","date_display":"January 31, 2045 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2045,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2468011.770833,"kali_year":5146,"ahargana":1879546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.9782,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":82.2141,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.2359,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2359},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":82.2141,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.2141},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":9.1923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2045,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2468011.770833,"ahargana":1879546.2708,"kali_year":5146,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.4828,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":287.074159,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":80.89365900000001,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.4648},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":307.14135899999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":283.36055899999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":293.049759,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":275.00285900000006,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":224.47025899999994,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":312.5936,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":132.5936,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2045,"month":1,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2468011.770833,"kali_year":5146,"ahargana":1879546.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":286.9782,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":82.2141,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":13,"name":"Trayodaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Trayodaśī","elongation_degrees":155.2359,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.2359},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":82.2141,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.2141},"yoga":{"number":1,"name":"Viṣkambha","sum_longitude":9.1923},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":25,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.465,"elongation":155.236},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.465,"opposition_distance":24.764}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":17,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.502,"elongation":0.987}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:04","sunsetLocal":"18:29","solarNoonLocal":"12:47","dayLengthHours":11.40612539965748,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 24 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 35 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:31","moonsetLocal":"05:33","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:38","end":"17:03","startHours":15.62747115894507,"endHours":17.053236833902254,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:55","end":"11:21","startHours":9.924408459116332,"endHours":11.350174134073516,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:47","end":"14:12","startHours":12.775939809030701,"endHours":14.201705483987887,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:07","startHours":9.73430636912204,"endHours":10.114510549110623,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:51","startHours":7.54813233418769,"endHours":7.852295678178556,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:24","end":"13:09","startHours":12.395735629042118,"endHours":13.156143989019284,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:33","end":"06:19","startHours":5.552060389247631,"endHours":6.312468749224796,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:07","end":"07:04","startHours":6.122366659230504,"endHours":7.072877109201961,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:26","startHours":14.676960708973613,"endHours":15.437369068950778,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:17","end":"18:41","startHours":18.279002508859442,"endHours":18.67900250885944,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:29","end":"18:57","startHours":18.47900250885944,"endHours":18.954257733845168,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:14","end":"19:59","startHours":18.22900250885944,"endHours":19.97900250885944,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:24","end":"01:09","startHours":24.39573562904212,"endHours":25.156143989019284,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:04","end":"08:30","startHours":7.072877109201961,"endHours":8.498642784159147,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.498642784159147,"endHours":9.924408459116332,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:55","end":"11:21","startHours":9.924408459116332,"endHours":11.350174134073516,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:21","end":"12:47","startHours":11.350174134073516,"endHours":12.775939809030701,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:47","end":"14:12","startHours":12.775939809030701,"endHours":14.201705483987887,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:12","end":"15:38","startHours":14.201705483987887,"endHours":15.62747115894507,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:38","end":"17:03","startHours":15.62747115894507,"endHours":17.053236833902254,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:03","end":"18:29","startHours":17.053236833902254,"endHours":18.47900250885944,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:03","startHours":18.47900250885944,"endHours":20.053236833902258,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:03","end":"21:38","startHours":20.053236833902258,"endHours":21.62747115894507,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:38","end":"23:12","startHours":21.62747115894507,"endHours":23.201705483987887,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:12","end":"00:47","startHours":23.201705483987887,"endHours":24.775939809030703,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:47","end":"02:21","startHours":24.775939809030703,"endHours":26.350174134073516,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:21","end":"03:55","startHours":26.350174134073516,"endHours":27.924408459116332,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.924408459116332,"endHours":29.498642784159145,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:30","end":"07:04","startHours":29.498642784159145,"endHours":31.07287710920196,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.072877109201961,"endHours":8.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.072877109201961,"endHours":9.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.072877109201961,"endHours":10.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.072877109201961,"endHours":11.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.072877109201961,"endHours":12.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.072877109201961,"endHours":13.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.072877109201961,"endHours":14.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.072877109201961,"endHours":15.072877109201961,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.072877109201961,"endHours":16.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.07287710920196,"endHours":17.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.07287710920196,"endHours":18.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.07287710920196,"endHours":19.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.07287710920196,"endHours":20.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.07287710920196,"endHours":21.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.07287710920196,"endHours":22.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.07287710920196,"endHours":23.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.07287710920196,"endHours":24.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.07287710920196,"endHours":25.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.07287710920196,"endHours":26.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.07287710920196,"endHours":27.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.07287710920196,"endHours":28.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.07287710920196,"endHours":29.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.07287710920196,"endHours":30.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":30.07287710920196,"endHours":31.07287710920196,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.314822288095982,"eotMinutes":-13.52958854184206,"ayanamsa":24.4828}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2102,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","saka_samvat":1967,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhana","bengali_samvat":1452,"malayalam_era":1221,"nanakshahi_year":576,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Trayodaśī · Vikram 2102 Bahudhānya · Śaka 1967 Krodhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"pradosha-vrata","name":"Pradoṣa Vrata","name_sanskrit":"प्रदोष व्रत","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Twilight worship of Śiva on Trayodaśī.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":13},{"tithi_number":28}]},"precedence":7}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 31, 2045 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 31, 2045 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Trayodaśī, sūryodaya 07:04, sūryāsta 18:29.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2045-01-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2045-01-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2045-01-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2045-01-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2045-01-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T16:54:51.050Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T16:54:51.050Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T16:54:51.050Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}