{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2041-03-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-03-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2041-03-31","date_display":"March 31, 2041 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2041,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2466609.770833,"kali_year":5142,"ahargana":1878144.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.3489,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.8177,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.4688,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4688},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":333.8177,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4844},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.1666},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2041,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2466609.770833,"ahargana":1878144.2708,"kali_year":5142,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.4292,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.275425,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":332.18382500000007,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.5954},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":321.35632499999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":331.47682499999996,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":184.12182499999994,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":326.402425,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":176.71112500000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":26.8783,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":206.8783,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2041,"month":3,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2466609.770833,"kali_year":5142,"ahargana":1878144.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":346.3489,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.8177,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":347.4688,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.4688},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":333.8177,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.4844},"yoga":{"number":25,"name":"Brahma","sum_longitude":320.1666},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.595,"elongation":12.531},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.595,"opposition_distance":167.469}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:29","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":12.286181035821569,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 17 Mins 10 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 42 Mins 50 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:41","moonsetLocal":"17:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:14","end":"18:46","startHours":17.235459578701196,"endHours":18.771232208178894,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:38","end":"14:10","startHours":12.628141690268109,"endHours":14.163914319745807,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.699686949223501,"endHours":17.235459578701196,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:21","end":"09:46","startHours":9.351826747382358,"endHours":9.761366115243078,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:00","end":"07:19","startHours":6.996975382183224,"endHours":7.324606876471799,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:02","startHours":12.21860232240739,"endHours":13.037681058128827,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:51","end":"05:40","startHours":4.84689370091445,"endHours":5.6659724366358875,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:28","end":"06:29","startHours":5.461202752705528,"endHours":6.485051172357325,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:30","startHours":14.675838529571704,"endHours":15.494917265293143,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.571232208178895,"endHours":18.971232208178893,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:17","startHours":18.771232208178894,"endHours":19.283156418004793,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.521232208178894,"endHours":20.271232208178894,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:02","startHours":24.21860232240739,"endHours":25.03768105812883,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:29","end":"08:01","startHours":6.485051172357325,"endHours":8.020823801835022,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"08:01","end":"09:33","startHours":8.020823801835022,"endHours":9.556596431312718,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:33","end":"11:06","startHours":9.556596431312718,"endHours":11.092369060790414,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:06","end":"12:38","startHours":11.092369060790414,"endHours":12.628141690268109,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:38","end":"14:10","startHours":12.628141690268109,"endHours":14.163914319745807,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:10","end":"15:42","startHours":14.163914319745807,"endHours":15.699686949223501,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:42","end":"17:14","startHours":15.699686949223501,"endHours":17.235459578701196,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:14","end":"18:46","startHours":17.235459578701196,"endHours":18.771232208178894,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:46","end":"20:14","startHours":18.771232208178894,"endHours":20.2354595787012,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:14","end":"21:42","startHours":20.2354595787012,"endHours":21.6996869492235,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:42","end":"23:10","startHours":21.6996869492235,"endHours":23.163914319745807,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:10","end":"00:38","startHours":23.163914319745807,"endHours":24.62814169026811,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:38","end":"02:06","startHours":24.62814169026811,"endHours":26.092369060790414,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:06","end":"03:33","startHours":26.092369060790414,"endHours":27.55659643131272,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:33","end":"05:01","startHours":27.55659643131272,"endHours":29.02082380183502,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"05:01","end":"06:29","startHours":29.02082380183502,"endHours":30.485051172357323,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:29","end":"07:29","startHours":6.485051172357325,"endHours":7.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:29","end":"08:29","startHours":7.485051172357325,"endHours":8.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:29","end":"09:29","startHours":8.485051172357325,"endHours":9.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:29","end":"10:29","startHours":9.485051172357325,"endHours":10.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:29","end":"11:29","startHours":10.485051172357325,"endHours":11.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:29","end":"12:29","startHours":11.485051172357325,"endHours":12.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:29","end":"13:29","startHours":12.485051172357325,"endHours":13.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:29","end":"14:29","startHours":13.485051172357325,"endHours":14.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:29","end":"15:29","startHours":14.485051172357325,"endHours":15.485051172357325,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:29","end":"16:29","startHours":15.485051172357325,"endHours":16.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:29","end":"17:29","startHours":16.485051172357323,"endHours":17.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:29","end":"18:29","startHours":17.485051172357323,"endHours":18.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:29","end":"19:29","startHours":18.485051172357323,"endHours":19.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:29","end":"20:29","startHours":19.485051172357323,"endHours":20.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:29","end":"21:29","startHours":20.485051172357323,"endHours":21.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:29","end":"22:29","startHours":21.485051172357323,"endHours":22.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:29","end":"23:29","startHours":22.485051172357323,"endHours":23.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:29","end":"00:29","startHours":23.485051172357323,"endHours":24.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:29","end":"01:29","startHours":24.485051172357323,"endHours":25.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:29","end":"02:29","startHours":25.485051172357323,"endHours":26.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:29","end":"03:29","startHours":26.485051172357323,"endHours":27.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:29","end":"04:29","startHours":27.485051172357323,"endHours":28.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:29","end":"05:29","startHours":28.485051172357323,"endHours":29.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:29","end":"06:29","startHours":29.485051172357323,"endHours":30.485051172357323,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":4.236710873393118,"eotMinutes":-4.661701416086492,"ayanamsa":24.4292}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2098,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1963,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1448,"malayalam_era":1217,"nanakshahi_year":572,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2098 Bhāva · Śaka 1963 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 31, 2041 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 31, 2041 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:29, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-03-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-03-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-03-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-03-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-03-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T16:02:42.687Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T16:02:42.687Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T16:02:42.687Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}