{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2041-01-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-01-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2041-01-16","date_display":"January 16, 2041 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2041,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2466535.770833,"kali_year":5142,"ahargana":1878070.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.6436,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2513,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":166.6077,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.6077},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":78.2513,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.5847},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":349.8949},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2041,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2466535.770833,"ahargana":1878070.2708,"kali_year":5142,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.4263,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.84475299999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":77.980953,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3136},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":263.596453,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":289.4432529999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":185.53775300000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":318.03155300000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":178.99705300000005,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":30.7991,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":210.7991,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2041,"month":1,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2466535.770833,"kali_year":5142,"ahargana":1878070.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":271.6436,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":78.2513,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":14,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":166.6077,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.6077},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":78.2513,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.5847},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":349.8949},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":27,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.314,"elongation":166.608},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.314,"opposition_distance":13.392}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:20","solarNoonLocal":"12:43","dayLengthHours":11.247663939995197,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 14 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 45 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"17:16","moonsetLocal":"06:19","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:43","end":"14:07","startHours":12.711995025696293,"endHours":14.117953018195694,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.494121048198094,"endHours":9.900079040697495,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:18","end":"12:43","startHours":11.306037033196894,"endHours":12.711995025696293,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:43","end":"10:05","startHours":9.712617975030907,"endHours":10.08754010636408,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:51","startHours":7.5568157198651615,"endHours":7.8567534249317,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:20","end":"13:05","startHours":12.337072894363121,"endHours":13.086917157029468,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.588474530366002,"endHours":6.338318793032348,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:05","startHours":6.1508577273657625,"endHours":7.088163055698695,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:35","end":"15:20","startHours":14.58660568236216,"endHours":15.336449945028507,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:08","end":"18:32","startHours":18.135826995693893,"endHours":18.535826995693892,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:20","end":"18:48","startHours":18.335826995693893,"endHours":18.80447965986036,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:05","end":"19:50","startHours":18.085826995693893,"endHours":19.835826995693893,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:20","end":"01:05","startHours":24.337072894363125,"endHours":25.08691715702947,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.088163055698695,"endHours":8.494121048198094,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:30","end":"09:54","startHours":8.494121048198094,"endHours":9.900079040697495,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:54","end":"11:18","startHours":9.900079040697495,"endHours":11.306037033196894,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:18","end":"12:43","startHours":11.306037033196894,"endHours":12.711995025696293,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:43","end":"14:07","startHours":12.711995025696293,"endHours":14.117953018195694,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:07","end":"15:31","startHours":14.117953018195694,"endHours":15.523911010695093,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:31","end":"16:56","startHours":15.523911010695093,"endHours":16.929869003194494,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:56","end":"18:20","startHours":16.929869003194494,"endHours":18.335826995693893,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:20","end":"19:56","startHours":18.335826995693893,"endHours":19.929869003194494,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:56","end":"21:31","startHours":19.929869003194494,"endHours":21.523911010695095,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:31","end":"23:07","startHours":21.523911010695095,"endHours":23.117953018195692,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:07","end":"00:43","startHours":23.117953018195692,"endHours":24.711995025696293,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:43","end":"02:18","startHours":24.711995025696293,"endHours":26.306037033196894,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:18","end":"03:54","startHours":26.306037033196894,"endHours":27.900079040697495,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:54","end":"05:30","startHours":27.900079040697495,"endHours":29.494121048198096,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:30","end":"07:05","startHours":29.494121048198096,"endHours":31.088163055698693,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.088163055698695,"endHours":8.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.088163055698695,"endHours":9.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.088163055698695,"endHours":10.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.088163055698695,"endHours":11.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.088163055698695,"endHours":12.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.088163055698695,"endHours":13.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.088163055698695,"endHours":14.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.088163055698695,"endHours":15.088163055698695,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.088163055698695,"endHours":16.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.088163055698693,"endHours":17.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.088163055698693,"endHours":18.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.088163055698693,"endHours":19.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.088163055698693,"endHours":20.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.088163055698693,"endHours":21.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.088163055698693,"endHours":22.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.088163055698693,"endHours":23.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.088163055698693,"endHours":24.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.088163055698693,"endHours":25.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.088163055698693,"endHours":26.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.088163055698693,"endHours":27.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.088163055698693,"endHours":28.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.088163055698693,"endHours":29.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.088163055698693,"endHours":30.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.088163055698693,"endHours":31.088163055698693,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-20.894648430075257,"eotMinutes":-9.692901541777706,"ayanamsa":24.4263}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2098,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1963,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1448,"malayalam_era":1217,"nanakshahi_year":572,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Caturdaśī · Vikram 2098 Bhāva · Śaka 1963 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 16, 2041 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 16, 2041 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:20.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-01-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-01-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-01-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-01-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2041-01-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T20:40:27.909Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T20:40:27.909Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T20:40:27.909Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}