{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2031-09-26:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-09-26","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-09-26","date_display":"September 26, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":9,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463135.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874670.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.6569,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":275.8925,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":118.2356,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2356},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":275.8925,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.2258},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":73.5493},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":9,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463135.770833,"ahargana":1874670.2708,"kali_year":5133,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2963,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":158.47655799999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":274.823258,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0758},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":235.23125800000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":159.60195799999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":237.287958,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":114.703758,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":58.477757999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":210.9475,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":30.9475,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":9,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463135.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874670.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.6569,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":275.8925,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":118.2356,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.2356},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":275.8925,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.2258},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":73.5493},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.076,"elongation":118.236},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.076,"opposition_distance":61.764}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:21","sunsetLocal":"18:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":12.071857673581121,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 04 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 55 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:32","moonsetLocal":"01:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"10:53","end":"12:24","startHours":10.883199812716366,"endHours":12.392182021914007,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:25","end":"16:55","startHours":15.410146440309287,"endHours":16.919128649506927,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:22","startHours":7.865235394321086,"endHours":9.374217603518726,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:35","startHours":9.173019975625706,"endHours":9.575415231411744,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:11","startHours":6.859247254855993,"endHours":7.181163459484823,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:59","end":"12:48","startHours":11.989786766127969,"endHours":12.794577277700045,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:45","end":"05:33","startHours":4.746672161979297,"endHours":5.551462673551371,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":5.350265045658353,"endHours":6.356253185123446,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:24","end":"15:13","startHours":14.404158300844193,"endHours":15.208948812416267,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:14","end":"18:38","startHours":18.228110858704568,"endHours":18.628110858704567,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:26","end":"18:56","startHours":18.428110858704567,"endHours":18.931104928437115,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:11","end":"19:56","startHours":18.178110858704567,"endHours":19.928110858704567,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:59","end":"00:48","startHours":23.98978676612797,"endHours":24.794577277700043,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"06:21","end":"07:52","startHours":6.356253185123446,"endHours":7.865235394321086,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"07:52","end":"09:22","startHours":7.865235394321086,"endHours":9.374217603518726,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:22","end":"10:53","startHours":9.374217603518726,"endHours":10.883199812716366,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"10:53","end":"12:24","startHours":10.883199812716366,"endHours":12.392182021914007,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:24","end":"13:54","startHours":12.392182021914007,"endHours":13.901164231111647,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"13:54","end":"15:25","startHours":13.901164231111647,"endHours":15.410146440309287,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:25","end":"16:55","startHours":15.410146440309287,"endHours":16.919128649506927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:55","end":"18:26","startHours":16.919128649506927,"endHours":18.428110858704567,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:26","end":"19:55","startHours":18.428110858704567,"endHours":19.919128649506927,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:55","end":"21:25","startHours":19.919128649506927,"endHours":21.410146440309287,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:25","end":"22:54","startHours":21.410146440309287,"endHours":22.901164231111647,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"22:54","end":"00:24","startHours":22.901164231111647,"endHours":24.392182021914007,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:24","end":"01:53","startHours":24.392182021914007,"endHours":25.883199812716366,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"01:53","end":"03:22","startHours":25.883199812716366,"endHours":27.374217603518726,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:22","end":"04:52","startHours":27.374217603518726,"endHours":28.865235394321086,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"04:52","end":"06:21","startHours":28.865235394321086,"endHours":30.356253185123446,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.356253185123446,"endHours":7.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.356253185123446,"endHours":8.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.356253185123446,"endHours":9.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.356253185123446,"endHours":10.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.356253185123446,"endHours":11.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.356253185123446,"endHours":12.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.356253185123446,"endHours":13.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.356253185123446,"endHours":14.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.356253185123446,"endHours":15.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.356253185123446,"endHours":16.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.356253185123446,"endHours":17.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.356253185123446,"endHours":18.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.356253185123446,"endHours":19.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.356253185123446,"endHours":20.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.356253185123446,"endHours":21.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.356253185123446,"endHours":22.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.356253185123446,"endHours":23.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.356253185123446,"endHours":24.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.356253185123446,"endHours":25.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.356253185123446,"endHours":26.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.356253185123446,"endHours":27.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.356253185123446,"endHours":28.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.356253185123446,"endHours":29.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":29.356253185123446,"endHours":30.356253185123446,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mānasa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-1.1024932165630872,"eotMinutes":9.49587868515961,"ayanamsa":24.2963}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"vijaya-dashami","name":"Vijaya Daśamī (Dasarā / Daśaharā)","name_sanskrit":"विजय दशमी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Rāma (Rāvaṇa-vadha) + Durgā (Mahiṣāsura-vadha)","significance":"Rāma's victory over Rāvaṇa; Durgā's victory; ārambha-divasa for śilpa-kalā.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Rāvaṇa-dahana; Aparājitā-pūjā; Śastra-pūjā","detection":{"tithi_number":10,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Āśvina"},"precedence":1,"related_chart":"rama","sources":["Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa, Yuddha-Kāṇḍa","Devī Mahātmya"]},{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 26, 2031 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 26, 2031 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:21, sūryāsta 18:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-09-26","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-09-26","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-09-26","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-09-26","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-09-26"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:36:26.266Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:36:26.266Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:36:26.266Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}