{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2031-08-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-08-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-08-28","date_display":"August 28, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463106.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874641.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":129.5319,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":252.1413,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":122.6094,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6094},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":252.1413,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.1413},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":21.6732},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463106.770833,"ahargana":1874641.2708,"kali_year":5133,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2952,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":130.277666,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.05656599999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.8701},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":216.83516600000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":111.80356599999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":235.03596600000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":105.57266599999997,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":57.26196600000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":212.4841,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":32.4841,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":8,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2463106.770833,"kali_year":5133,"ahargana":1874641.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":129.5319,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":252.1413,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":122.6094,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.6094},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":252.1413,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.1413},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":21.6732},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.87,"elongation":122.609},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.87,"opposition_distance":57.391}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:18","sunsetLocal":"18:49","solarNoonLocal":"12:34","dayLengthHours":12.515435494439949,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 30 Mins 56 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 29 Mins 04 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:00","moonsetLocal":"02:06","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:08","end":"15:42","startHours":14.128384915488063,"endHours":15.692814352293055,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:18","end":"07:52","startHours":6.306237731463095,"endHours":7.870667168268088,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:26","end":"11:00","startHours":9.435096605073081,"endHours":10.999526041878076,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:39","startHours":9.226506013499083,"endHours":9.64368719664708,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:50","end":"07:10","startHours":6.827714210398093,"endHours":7.161459156916492,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:59","startHours":12.146774295535073,"endHours":12.981136661831068,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:38","end":"05:28","startHours":4.6375129988711015,"endHours":5.471875365167098,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:16","end":"06:18","startHours":5.263284773593099,"endHours":6.306237731463095,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:29","startHours":14.64986139442306,"endHours":15.484223760719056,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:37","end":"19:01","startHours":18.621673225903045,"endHours":19.021673225903044,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:49","end":"19:21","startHours":18.821673225903044,"endHours":19.34314970483804,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:34","end":"20:19","startHours":18.571673225903044,"endHours":20.321673225903044,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:59","startHours":24.14677429553507,"endHours":24.98113666183107,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:18","end":"07:52","startHours":6.306237731463095,"endHours":7.870667168268088,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:52","end":"09:26","startHours":7.870667168268088,"endHours":9.435096605073081,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:26","end":"11:00","startHours":9.435096605073081,"endHours":10.999526041878076,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:00","end":"12:34","startHours":10.999526041878076,"endHours":12.56395547868307,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:34","end":"14:08","startHours":12.56395547868307,"endHours":14.128384915488063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:08","end":"15:42","startHours":14.128384915488063,"endHours":15.692814352293055,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:42","end":"17:15","startHours":15.692814352293055,"endHours":17.25724378909805,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:15","end":"18:49","startHours":17.25724378909805,"endHours":18.821673225903044,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:49","end":"20:15","startHours":18.821673225903044,"endHours":20.25724378909805,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:15","end":"21:42","startHours":20.25724378909805,"endHours":21.692814352293055,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:42","end":"23:08","startHours":21.692814352293055,"endHours":23.128384915488063,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:08","end":"00:34","startHours":23.128384915488063,"endHours":24.56395547868307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:34","end":"02:00","startHours":24.56395547868307,"endHours":25.999526041878077,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:00","end":"03:26","startHours":25.999526041878077,"endHours":27.435096605073085,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:26","end":"04:52","startHours":27.435096605073085,"endHours":28.87066716826809,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:52","end":"06:18","startHours":28.87066716826809,"endHours":30.306237731463096,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:18","end":"07:18","startHours":6.306237731463095,"endHours":7.306237731463095,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:18","end":"08:18","startHours":7.306237731463095,"endHours":8.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:18","end":"09:18","startHours":8.306237731463096,"endHours":9.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:18","end":"10:18","startHours":9.306237731463096,"endHours":10.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:18","end":"11:18","startHours":10.306237731463096,"endHours":11.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:18","end":"12:18","startHours":11.306237731463096,"endHours":12.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:18","end":"13:18","startHours":12.306237731463096,"endHours":13.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:18","end":"14:18","startHours":13.306237731463096,"endHours":14.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:18","end":"15:18","startHours":14.306237731463096,"endHours":15.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:18","end":"16:18","startHours":15.306237731463096,"endHours":16.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:18","end":"17:18","startHours":16.306237731463096,"endHours":17.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:18","end":"18:18","startHours":17.306237731463096,"endHours":18.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:18","end":"19:18","startHours":18.306237731463096,"endHours":19.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:18","end":"20:18","startHours":19.306237731463096,"endHours":20.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:18","end":"21:18","startHours":20.306237731463096,"endHours":21.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:18","end":"22:18","startHours":21.306237731463096,"endHours":22.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:18","end":"23:18","startHours":22.306237731463096,"endHours":23.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:18","end":"00:18","startHours":23.306237731463096,"endHours":24.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:18","end":"01:18","startHours":24.306237731463096,"endHours":25.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:18","end":"02:18","startHours":25.306237731463096,"endHours":26.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:18","end":"03:18","startHours":26.306237731463096,"endHours":27.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:18","end":"04:18","startHours":27.306237731463096,"endHours":28.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:18","end":"05:18","startHours":28.306237731463096,"endHours":29.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:18","end":"06:18","startHours":29.306237731463096,"endHours":30.306237731463096,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":9.832682021269072,"eotMinutes":-0.8105287209842176,"ayanamsa":24.2952}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"parsva-ekadashi","name":"Pārśva (Parivartinī) Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पार्श्व एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu (turning side in yoga-nidrā)","significance":"Viṣṇu turns from one side to another in yoga-nidrā (mid-Cāturmāsya).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":3},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 28, 2031 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 28, 2031 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:18, sūryāsta 18:49.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-08-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-08-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-08-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-08-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-08-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T08:12:53.383Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T08:12:53.383Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T08:12:53.383Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}