{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2031-04-13:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-04-13","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-04-13","date_display":"April 13, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462969.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874504.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":358.7061,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":247.4322,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":248.7261,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7261},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3,"moon_longitude":247.4322,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4322},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":246.1382},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462969.770833,"ahargana":1874504.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.29,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":358.6402,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":248.7767,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.0894},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":205.46159999999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":344.52570000000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":244.70759999999996,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":37.95260000000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":41.713300000000004,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":219.743,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":39.743,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":4,"day":13,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462969.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874504.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":358.7061,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":247.4322,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":248.7261,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.7261},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3,"moon_longitude":247.4322,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4322},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":246.1382},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.089,"elongation":111.274},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.089,"opposition_distance":68.726}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"18:48","solarNoonLocal":"12:34","dayLengthHours":12.477301128044244,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 28 Mins 38 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 31 Mins 22 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:42","moonsetLocal":"10:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:15","end":"18:48","startHours":17.24226477017833,"endHours":18.80192741118386,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:34","end":"14:07","startHours":12.563276847161738,"endHours":14.122939488167269,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:15","startHours":15.6826021291728,"endHours":17.24226477017833,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:14","end":"09:39","startHours":9.235996546349941,"endHours":9.651906583951416,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.8445138301414605,"endHours":7.17724186022264,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:09","end":"12:59","startHours":12.147366809560264,"endHours":12.979186884763212,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:40","end":"05:30","startHours":4.660986132733718,"endHours":5.492806207936667,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:19","startHours":5.28485118913593,"endHours":6.324626283139617,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:28","startHours":14.642827035169114,"endHours":15.474647110372064,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:36","end":"19:00","startHours":18.601927411183862,"endHours":19.00192741118386,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:48","end":"19:19","startHours":18.80192741118386,"endHours":19.321814958185705,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:33","end":"20:18","startHours":18.55192741118386,"endHours":20.30192741118386,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:09","end":"00:59","startHours":24.147366809560264,"endHours":24.979186884763212,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:19","end":"07:53","startHours":6.324626283139617,"endHours":7.884288924145148,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:53","end":"09:27","startHours":7.884288924145148,"endHours":9.443951565150678,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:27","end":"11:00","startHours":9.443951565150678,"endHours":11.003614206156207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:00","end":"12:34","startHours":11.003614206156207,"endHours":12.563276847161738,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:34","end":"14:07","startHours":12.563276847161738,"endHours":14.122939488167269,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:07","end":"15:41","startHours":14.122939488167269,"endHours":15.6826021291728,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:41","end":"17:15","startHours":15.6826021291728,"endHours":17.24226477017833,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:15","end":"18:48","startHours":17.24226477017833,"endHours":18.80192741118386,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:48","end":"20:15","startHours":18.80192741118386,"endHours":20.24226477017833,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:15","end":"21:41","startHours":20.24226477017833,"endHours":21.6826021291728,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:41","end":"23:07","startHours":21.6826021291728,"endHours":23.12293948816727,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:07","end":"00:34","startHours":23.12293948816727,"endHours":24.563276847161738,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:34","end":"02:00","startHours":24.563276847161738,"endHours":26.003614206156207,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:00","end":"03:27","startHours":26.003614206156207,"endHours":27.443951565150677,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:27","end":"04:53","startHours":27.443951565150677,"endHours":28.884288924145146,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:53","end":"06:19","startHours":28.884288924145146,"endHours":30.324626283139615,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.324626283139617,"endHours":7.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.324626283139617,"endHours":8.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.324626283139617,"endHours":9.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.324626283139617,"endHours":10.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.324626283139617,"endHours":11.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.324626283139617,"endHours":12.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.324626283139617,"endHours":13.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.324626283139617,"endHours":14.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.324626283139617,"endHours":15.324626283139617,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.324626283139617,"endHours":16.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.324626283139615,"endHours":17.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.324626283139615,"endHours":18.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.324626283139615,"endHours":19.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.324626283139615,"endHours":20.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.324626283139615,"endHours":21.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.324626283139615,"endHours":22.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.324626283139615,"endHours":23.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.324626283139615,"endHours":24.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.324626283139615,"endHours":25.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.324626283139615,"endHours":26.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.324626283139615,"endHours":27.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.324626283139615,"endHours":28.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.324626283139615,"endHours":29.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.324626283139615,"endHours":30.324626283139615,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Siddhi","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.914495108977476,"eotMinutes":-0.7698108297043191,"ayanamsa":24.29}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 13, 2031 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 13, 2031 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 18:48.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-04-13","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-04-13","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-04-13","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-04-13","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-04-13"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:46:10.432Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:46:10.432Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T23:46:10.432Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}