{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2031-01-09:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-09","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-01-09","date_display":"January 9, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462875.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.0287,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":87.872,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":183.8432,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8432},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":87.872,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.872},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":351.9007},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462875.770833,"ahargana":1874410.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2864,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.269192,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":87.24289199999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.0758},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":181.85129200000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":241.28649199999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":232.85339199999999,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":283.399092,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":38.099192000000016,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":224.7236,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":44.7236,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":1,"day":9,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462875.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874410.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":264.0287,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":87.872,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":183.8432,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.8432},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3,"moon_longitude":87.872,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.872},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":351.9007},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.076,"elongation":176.157},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.076,"opposition_distance":3.843}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:04","sunsetLocal":"18:16","solarNoonLocal":"12:40","dayLengthHours":11.190326230973493,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 11 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 48 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:22","moonsetLocal":"07:22","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:04","end":"15:28","startHours":14.067642284177996,"endHours":15.466433063049681,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:04","end":"08:28","startHours":7.073688389819561,"endHours":8.472479168691248,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:52","end":"11:16","startHours":9.871269947562935,"endHours":11.270060726434622,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:41","end":"10:03","startHours":9.684764510380043,"endHours":10.057775384745826,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:32","end":"07:50","startHours":7.53995198277679,"endHours":7.838360682269417,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:03","startHours":12.295840630940527,"endHours":13.041862379672091,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.581644892356429,"endHours":6.327666641087995,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:04","startHours":6.141161203905104,"endHours":7.073688389819561,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:32","end":"15:17","startHours":14.533905877135224,"endHours":15.27992762586679,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:04","end":"18:28","startHours":18.064014620793056,"endHours":18.464014620793055,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:16","end":"18:44","startHours":18.264014620793056,"endHours":18.730278213750285,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:01","end":"19:46","startHours":18.014014620793056,"endHours":19.764014620793056,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:03","startHours":24.295840630940525,"endHours":25.04186237967209,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:04","end":"08:28","startHours":7.073688389819561,"endHours":8.472479168691248,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:28","end":"09:52","startHours":8.472479168691248,"endHours":9.871269947562935,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:52","end":"11:16","startHours":9.871269947562935,"endHours":11.270060726434622,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:16","end":"12:40","startHours":11.270060726434622,"endHours":12.668851505306307,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:40","end":"14:04","startHours":12.668851505306307,"endHours":14.067642284177996,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:04","end":"15:28","startHours":14.067642284177996,"endHours":15.466433063049681,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:28","end":"16:52","startHours":15.466433063049681,"endHours":16.865223841921367,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:52","end":"18:16","startHours":16.865223841921367,"endHours":18.264014620793056,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:16","end":"19:52","startHours":18.264014620793056,"endHours":19.86522384192137,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:52","end":"21:28","startHours":19.86522384192137,"endHours":21.46643306304968,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:28","end":"23:04","startHours":21.46643306304968,"endHours":23.067642284177996,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:04","end":"00:40","startHours":23.067642284177996,"endHours":24.668851505306307,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:40","end":"02:16","startHours":24.668851505306307,"endHours":26.27006072643462,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:16","end":"03:52","startHours":26.27006072643462,"endHours":27.871269947562936,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:52","end":"05:28","startHours":27.871269947562936,"endHours":29.47247916869125,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:28","end":"07:04","startHours":29.47247916869125,"endHours":31.073688389819562,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.073688389819561,"endHours":8.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.073688389819562,"endHours":9.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.073688389819562,"endHours":10.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.073688389819562,"endHours":11.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.073688389819562,"endHours":12.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.073688389819562,"endHours":13.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.073688389819562,"endHours":14.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.073688389819562,"endHours":15.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.073688389819562,"endHours":16.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.073688389819562,"endHours":17.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.073688389819562,"endHours":18.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.073688389819562,"endHours":19.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.073688389819562,"endHours":20.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.073688389819562,"endHours":21.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.073688389819562,"endHours":22.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.073688389819562,"endHours":23.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.073688389819562,"endHours":24.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.073688389819562,"endHours":25.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.073688389819562,"endHours":26.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.073688389819562,"endHours":27.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.073688389819562,"endHours":28.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.073688389819562,"endHours":29.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.073688389819562,"endHours":30.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":30.073688389819562,"endHours":31.073688389819562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.15147265942163,"eotMinutes":-7.10429031837854,"ayanamsa":24.2864}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 9, 2031 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 9, 2031 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 07:04, sūryāsta 18:16.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-09","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-09","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-09","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-09","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-09"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:17:55.417Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T06:17:55.417Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T06:17:55.417Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}