{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2031-01-03:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-03","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2031-01-03","date_display":"January 3, 2031 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462869.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874404.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":257.8607,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.1431,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":115.2824,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2824},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":13.1431,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1431},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":271.0038},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2031,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462869.770833,"ahargana":1874404.2708,"kali_year":5132,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2861,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.154321,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":16.131821000000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.3761},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":178.80172100000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":234.88802099999998,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":231.59382099999993,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":275.89442099999997,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":38.388720999999975,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.0415,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.0415,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2031,"month":1,"day":3,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462869.770833,"kali_year":5132,"ahargana":1874404.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":257.8607,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":13.1431,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":10,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Daśamī","elongation_degrees":115.2824,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.2824},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":13.1431,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.1431},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":271.0038},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":19,"name":"Gara"},"vara":{"number":0,"name":"Śukravāra (Friday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.376,"elongation":115.282},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.376,"opposition_distance":64.718}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:03","sunsetLocal":"18:12","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":11.157809725101409,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 09 Mins 28 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 50 Mins 32 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:09","moonsetLocal":"02:50","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"11:14","end":"12:38","startHours":11.232210798206626,"endHours":12.626937013844302,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"15:25","end":"16:49","startHours":15.416389445119654,"endHours":16.81111566075733,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"08:27","end":"09:50","startHours":8.442758366931272,"endHours":9.83748458256895,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:01","startHours":9.651521087150591,"endHours":10.023448077987306,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:31","end":"07:49","startHours":7.51294088983949,"endHours":7.810482482508861,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:15","end":"13:00","startHours":12.255010023007587,"endHours":12.998864004681016,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:34","end":"06:18","startHours":5.560324187946743,"endHours":6.30417816962017,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:07","end":"07:03","startHours":6.1182146742018135,"endHours":7.048032151293597,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:29","end":"15:14","startHours":14.486571968027869,"endHours":15.230425949701296,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:00","end":"18:24","startHours":18.005841876395007,"endHours":18.405841876395005,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:12","end":"18:40","startHours":18.205841876395006,"endHours":18.670750614940896,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:57","end":"19:42","startHours":17.955841876395006,"endHours":19.705841876395006,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:15","end":"01:00","startHours":24.25501002300759,"endHours":24.998864004681014,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"07:03","end":"08:27","startHours":7.048032151293597,"endHours":8.442758366931272,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"08:27","end":"09:50","startHours":8.442758366931272,"endHours":9.83748458256895,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"09:50","end":"11:14","startHours":9.83748458256895,"endHours":11.232210798206626,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"11:14","end":"12:38","startHours":11.232210798206626,"endHours":12.626937013844302,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"12:38","end":"14:01","startHours":12.626937013844302,"endHours":14.021663229481977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"14:01","end":"15:25","startHours":14.021663229481977,"endHours":15.416389445119654,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"15:25","end":"16:49","startHours":15.416389445119654,"endHours":16.81111566075733,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"16:49","end":"18:12","startHours":16.81111566075733,"endHours":18.205841876395006,"quality":"neutral"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"18:12","end":"19:49","startHours":18.205841876395006,"endHours":19.81111566075733,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"19:49","end":"21:25","startHours":19.81111566075733,"endHours":21.416389445119655,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"21:25","end":"23:01","startHours":21.416389445119655,"endHours":23.021663229481977,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"23:01","end":"00:38","startHours":23.021663229481977,"endHours":24.6269370138443,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"00:38","end":"02:14","startHours":24.6269370138443,"endHours":26.232210798206626,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"02:14","end":"03:50","startHours":26.232210798206626,"endHours":27.837484582568948,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"03:50","end":"05:27","startHours":27.837484582568948,"endHours":29.442758366931272,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"05:27","end":"07:03","startHours":29.442758366931272,"endHours":31.048032151293597,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:03","end":"08:03","startHours":7.048032151293597,"endHours":8.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:03","end":"09:03","startHours":8.048032151293597,"endHours":9.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:03","end":"10:03","startHours":9.048032151293597,"endHours":10.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:03","end":"11:03","startHours":10.048032151293597,"endHours":11.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:03","end":"12:03","startHours":11.048032151293597,"endHours":12.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:03","end":"13:03","startHours":12.048032151293597,"endHours":13.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:03","end":"14:03","startHours":13.048032151293597,"endHours":14.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:03","end":"15:03","startHours":14.048032151293597,"endHours":15.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:03","end":"16:03","startHours":15.048032151293597,"endHours":16.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:03","end":"17:03","startHours":16.048032151293597,"endHours":17.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:03","end":"18:03","startHours":17.048032151293597,"endHours":18.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:03","end":"19:03","startHours":18.048032151293597,"endHours":19.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:03","end":"20:03","startHours":19.048032151293597,"endHours":20.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:03","end":"21:03","startHours":20.048032151293597,"endHours":21.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:03","end":"22:03","startHours":21.048032151293597,"endHours":22.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:03","end":"23:03","startHours":22.048032151293597,"endHours":23.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:03","end":"00:03","startHours":23.048032151293597,"endHours":24.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:03","end":"01:03","startHours":24.048032151293597,"endHours":25.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:03","end":"02:03","startHours":25.048032151293597,"endHours":26.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:03","end":"03:03","startHours":26.048032151293597,"endHours":27.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:03","end":"04:03","startHours":27.048032151293597,"endHours":28.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:03","end":"05:03","startHours":28.048032151293597,"endHours":29.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:03","end":"06:03","startHours":29.048032151293597,"endHours":30.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":30.048032151293597,"endHours":31.048032151293597,"planetary_lord":"Mars"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"South-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.85460122295917,"eotMinutes":-4.589420830658165,"ayanamsa":24.2861}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2088,"vikram_samvatsara":"Raktākṣī","saka_samvat":1953,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1438,"malayalam_era":1207,"nanakshahi_year":562,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Daśamī · Vikram 2088 Raktākṣī · Śaka 1953 Virodhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shukra-walk","name":"Śukra Walk","name_sanskrit":"शुक्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Beauty + creativity in dharma + BG 10.36.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/shukra-walk"},"reason":"Śukravāra (Friday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3101-02-18","event":"Kali Yuga Epoch","chart_id":"kali-yuga-epoch","shared_marker":"same Aśvinī","url":"/day/-3101-02-18","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 3, 2031 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 3, 2031 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:03, sūryāsta 18:12.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-03","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-03","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-03","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-03","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2031-01-03"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:23:15.564Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:23:15.564Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:23:15.564Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}