{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2028-10-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-10-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-10-17","date_display":"October 17, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":10,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462061.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873596.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.1412,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":165.3139,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":346.1728,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1728},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2,"moon_longitude":165.3139,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.3139},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.4551},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":10,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462061.770833,"ahargana":1873596.2708,"kali_year":5130,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2552,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.94089199999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":164.56789200000003,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3925},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":121.22009200000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":161.50949200000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":167.115592,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":142.666092,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":14.615692000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":267.8532,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":87.8532,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":10,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2462061.770833,"kali_year":5130,"ahargana":1873596.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":179.1412,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":165.3139,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":346.1728,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.1728},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2,"moon_longitude":165.3139,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.3139},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":344.4551},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":57,"name":"Śakuni"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.392,"elongation":13.827},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.392,"opposition_distance":166.173}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:26","sunsetLocal":"18:10","solarNoonLocal":"12:18","dayLengthHours":11.738671378082337,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 44 Mins 19 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 15 Mins 41 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:18","moonsetLocal":"17:15","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:14","end":"16:42","startHours":15.23132418515345,"endHours":16.698658107413745,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:22","end":"10:50","startHours":9.361988496112282,"endHours":10.829322418372575,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:18","end":"13:46","startHours":12.296656340632868,"endHours":13.76399026289316,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:33","startHours":9.166343973144244,"endHours":9.557633019080322,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:55","end":"07:14","startHours":6.916431959011796,"endHours":7.229463195760658,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:41","startHours":11.90536729469679,"endHours":12.687945386568947,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:52","end":"05:39","startHours":4.862164467847387,"endHours":5.644742559719543,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:26","startHours":5.449098036751504,"endHours":6.427320651591699,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:15","end":"15:02","startHours":14.253101570313255,"endHours":15.03567966218541,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:58","end":"18:22","startHours":17.965992029674037,"endHours":18.365992029674036,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:10","end":"18:39","startHours":18.165992029674037,"endHours":18.655103337094133,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:55","end":"19:40","startHours":17.915992029674037,"endHours":19.665992029674037,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:41","startHours":23.90536729469679,"endHours":24.687945386568945,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:26","end":"07:54","startHours":6.427320651591699,"endHours":7.894654573851991,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:54","end":"09:22","startHours":7.894654573851991,"endHours":9.361988496112282,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:22","end":"10:50","startHours":9.361988496112282,"endHours":10.829322418372575,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:50","end":"12:18","startHours":10.829322418372575,"endHours":12.296656340632868,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:18","end":"13:46","startHours":12.296656340632868,"endHours":13.76399026289316,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"13:46","end":"15:14","startHours":13.76399026289316,"endHours":15.23132418515345,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:14","end":"16:42","startHours":15.23132418515345,"endHours":16.698658107413745,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"16:42","end":"18:10","startHours":16.698658107413745,"endHours":18.165992029674037,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:10","end":"19:42","startHours":18.165992029674037,"endHours":19.698658107413745,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:42","end":"21:14","startHours":19.698658107413745,"endHours":21.231324185153454,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:14","end":"22:46","startHours":21.231324185153454,"endHours":22.76399026289316,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"22:46","end":"00:18","startHours":22.76399026289316,"endHours":24.296656340632868,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:18","end":"01:50","startHours":24.296656340632868,"endHours":25.829322418372577,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:50","end":"03:22","startHours":25.829322418372577,"endHours":27.361988496112282,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:22","end":"04:54","startHours":27.361988496112282,"endHours":28.89465457385199,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:54","end":"06:26","startHours":28.89465457385199,"endHours":30.4273206515917,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.427320651591699,"endHours":7.427320651591699,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.427320651591699,"endHours":8.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.4273206515917,"endHours":9.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.4273206515917,"endHours":10.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.4273206515917,"endHours":11.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.4273206515917,"endHours":12.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.4273206515917,"endHours":13.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.4273206515917,"endHours":14.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.4273206515917,"endHours":15.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.4273206515917,"endHours":16.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.4273206515917,"endHours":17.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.4273206515917,"endHours":18.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.4273206515917,"endHours":19.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.4273206515917,"endHours":20.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.4273206515917,"endHours":21.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.4273206515917,"endHours":22.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.4273206515917,"endHours":23.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.4273206515917,"endHours":24.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.4273206515917,"endHours":25.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.4273206515917,"endHours":26.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.4273206515917,"endHours":27.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.4273206515917,"endHours":28.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.4273206515917,"endHours":29.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":29.4273206515917,"endHours":30.4273206515917,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-9.381938388946972,"eotMinutes":15.227419562027912,"ayanamsa":24.2552}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 17, 2028 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 17, 2028 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:26, sūryāsta 18:10.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-10-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-10-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-10-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-10-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-10-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:38:56.818Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:38:56.818Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T02:38:56.818Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}