{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2028-03-08:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-03-08","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2028-03-08","date_display":"March 8, 2028 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461838.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873373.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.8479,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.8813,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.0334,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0334},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":103.8813,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5479},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.7292},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2028,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461838.770833,"ahargana":1873373.2708,"kali_year":5129,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2467,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.744413,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":101.45431300000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.3302},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":326.119013,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":298.116313,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":148.77191299999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":8.86201299999999,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":1.4284129999999777,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":279.6688,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":99.6688,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2028,"month":3,"day":8,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461838.770833,"kali_year":5129,"ahargana":1873373.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":323.8479,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":103.8813,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":140.0334,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.0334},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":103.8813,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5479},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":67.7292},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.33,"elongation":140.033},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.33,"opposition_distance":39.967}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:47","sunsetLocal":"18:42","solarNoonLocal":"12:45","dayLengthHours":11.925974917747382,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 55 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 04 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:29","moonsetLocal":"04:21","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:45","end":"14:14","startHours":12.742606923591346,"endHours":14.233353788309767,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:16","end":"09:46","startHours":8.270366329436076,"endHours":9.7611131941545,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:15","end":"12:45","startHours":11.251860058872921,"endHours":12.742606923591346,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:34","end":"09:58","startHours":9.562346945525377,"endHours":9.959879442783622,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:17","end":"07:36","startHours":7.276535086290462,"endHours":7.594561084097059,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:21","end":"13:08","startHours":12.3450744263331,"endHours":13.140139420849591,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:11","end":"05:59","startHours":5.1894894756846695,"endHours":5.984554470201162,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":5.785788221572039,"endHours":6.779619464717654,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:32","startHours":14.730269409882576,"endHours":15.525334404399068,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:30","end":"18:54","startHours":18.505594382465038,"endHours":18.905594382465036,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:42","end":"19:12","startHours":18.705594382465037,"endHours":19.202510004037844,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:27","end":"20:12","startHours":18.455594382465037,"endHours":20.205594382465037,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:21","end":"01:08","startHours":24.3450744263331,"endHours":25.140139420849593,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:47","end":"08:16","startHours":6.779619464717654,"endHours":8.270366329436076,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:16","end":"09:46","startHours":8.270366329436076,"endHours":9.7611131941545,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:46","end":"11:15","startHours":9.7611131941545,"endHours":11.251860058872921,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:15","end":"12:45","startHours":11.251860058872921,"endHours":12.742606923591346,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:45","end":"14:14","startHours":12.742606923591346,"endHours":14.233353788309767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:14","end":"15:43","startHours":14.233353788309767,"endHours":15.724100653028191,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.724100653028191,"endHours":17.214847517746612,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:13","end":"18:42","startHours":17.214847517746612,"endHours":18.705594382465037,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:42","end":"20:13","startHours":18.705594382465037,"endHours":20.214847517746612,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:13","end":"21:43","startHours":20.214847517746612,"endHours":21.72410065302819,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:43","end":"23:14","startHours":21.72410065302819,"endHours":23.23335378830977,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:14","end":"00:45","startHours":23.23335378830977,"endHours":24.742606923591346,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:45","end":"02:15","startHours":24.742606923591346,"endHours":26.25186005887292,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:15","end":"03:46","startHours":26.25186005887292,"endHours":27.7611131941545,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:46","end":"05:16","startHours":27.7611131941545,"endHours":29.27036632943608,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:16","end":"06:47","startHours":29.27036632943608,"endHours":30.779619464717655,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.779619464717654,"endHours":7.779619464717654,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.779619464717654,"endHours":8.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.779619464717655,"endHours":9.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.779619464717655,"endHours":10.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.779619464717655,"endHours":11.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.779619464717655,"endHours":12.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.779619464717655,"endHours":13.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.779619464717655,"endHours":14.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.779619464717655,"endHours":15.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.779619464717655,"endHours":16.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.779619464717655,"endHours":17.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.779619464717655,"endHours":18.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.779619464717655,"endHours":19.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.779619464717655,"endHours":20.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.779619464717655,"endHours":21.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.779619464717655,"endHours":22.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.779619464717655,"endHours":23.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.779619464717655,"endHours":24.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.779619464717655,"endHours":25.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.779619464717655,"endHours":26.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.779619464717655,"endHours":27.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.779619464717655,"endHours":28.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.779619464717655,"endHours":29.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":29.779619464717655,"endHours":30.779619464717655,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-4.746858756903465,"eotMinutes":-11.52961541548083,"ayanamsa":24.2467}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2085,"vikram_samvatsara":"Durmati","saka_samvat":1950,"saka_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","bengali_samvat":1435,"malayalam_era":1204,"nanakshahi_year":559,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2085 Durmati · Śaka 1950 Kīlaka"},"festivals":[{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 8, 2028 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 8, 2028 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:47, sūryāsta 18:42.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-03-08","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-03-08","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-03-08","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-03-08","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2028-03-08"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:23:44.584Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T23:23:44.584Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T23:23:44.584Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}