{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2026-01-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2026-01-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2026-01-22","date_display":"January 22, 2026 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461062.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872597.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.678,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":316.3788,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":38.7008,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7008},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":316.3788,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.7121},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":234.0568},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461062.770833,"ahargana":1872597.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.217,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.7968619999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":315.58526200000006,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.3454},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":274.3448619999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":277.730862,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":84.191462,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":281.1147619999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":333.58446200000003,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":320.785,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":140.785,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2026,"month":1,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2461062.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872597.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.678,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":316.3788,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":38.7008,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.7008},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":316.3788,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.7121},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":234.0568},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.345,"elongation":38.701},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.345,"opposition_distance":141.299}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:24","solarNoonLocal":"12:45","dayLengthHours":11.300890823749757,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 18 Mins 03 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 41 Mins 57 Secs","moonriseLocal":"09:23","moonsetLocal":"21:09","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.155326408107708,"endHours":15.56793776107643,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.09226964326411,"endHours":8.50488099623283,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.917492349201549,"endHours":11.33010370217027,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.729144168805721,"endHours":10.10584052959738,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.563140094253684,"endHours":7.8644971828870105,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:07","startHours":12.36601869434733,"endHours":13.119411415930648,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.585484200097476,"endHours":6.338876921680793,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.150528741284964,"endHours":7.09226964326411,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:23","startHours":14.626196859097282,"endHours":15.3795895806806,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:12","end":"18:36","startHours":18.19316046701387,"endHours":18.593160467013867,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:24","end":"18:52","startHours":18.393160467013868,"endHours":18.86403091800344,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:09","end":"19:54","startHours":18.143160467013868,"endHours":19.893160467013868,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:07","startHours":24.36601869434733,"endHours":25.119411415930646,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.09226964326411,"endHours":8.50488099623283,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.50488099623283,"endHours":9.917492349201549,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.917492349201549,"endHours":11.33010370217027,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:20","end":"12:45","startHours":11.33010370217027,"endHours":12.742715055138989,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:45","end":"14:09","startHours":12.742715055138989,"endHours":14.155326408107708,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.155326408107708,"endHours":15.56793776107643,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:34","end":"16:59","startHours":15.56793776107643,"endHours":16.980549114045147,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:59","end":"18:24","startHours":16.980549114045147,"endHours":18.393160467013868,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:24","end":"19:59","startHours":18.393160467013868,"endHours":19.980549114045147,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:59","end":"21:34","startHours":19.980549114045147,"endHours":21.56793776107643,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:34","end":"23:09","startHours":21.56793776107643,"endHours":23.155326408107708,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:09","end":"00:45","startHours":23.155326408107708,"endHours":24.742715055138987,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:45","end":"02:20","startHours":24.742715055138987,"endHours":26.33010370217027,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:20","end":"03:55","startHours":26.33010370217027,"endHours":27.91749234920155,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.91749234920155,"endHours":29.504880996232828,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.504880996232828,"endHours":31.09226964326411,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.09226964326411,"endHours":8.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.09226964326411,"endHours":9.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.09226964326411,"endHours":10.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.09226964326411,"endHours":11.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.09226964326411,"endHours":12.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.09226964326411,"endHours":13.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.09226964326411,"endHours":14.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.09226964326411,"endHours":15.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.09226964326411,"endHours":16.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.09226964326411,"endHours":17.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.09226964326411,"endHours":18.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.09226964326411,"endHours":19.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.09226964326411,"endHours":20.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.09226964326411,"endHours":21.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.09226964326411,"endHours":22.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.09226964326411,"endHours":23.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.09226964326411,"endHours":24.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.09226964326411,"endHours":25.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.09226964326411,"endHours":26.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.09226964326411,"endHours":27.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.09226964326411,"endHours":28.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.09226964326411,"endHours":29.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.09226964326411,"endHours":30.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.09226964326411,"endHours":31.09226964326411,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.709128676364717,"eotMinutes":-11.536103308339323,"ayanamsa":24.217}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2083,"vikram_samvatsara":"Siddhārthī","saka_samvat":1948,"saka_samvatsara":"Parābhava","bengali_samvat":1433,"malayalam_era":1202,"nanakshahi_year":557,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2083 Siddhārthī · Śaka 1948 Parābhava"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 22, 2026 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 22, 2026 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:24.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2026-01-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2026-01-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2026-01-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2026-01-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2026-01-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:19:01.160Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T03:19:01.160Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T03:19:01.160Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}