{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2025-09-29:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2025-09-29","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2025-09-29","date_display":"September 29, 2025 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":9,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460947.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872482.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.1392,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":244.0629,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":82.9237,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9237},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":244.0629,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0629},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":45.2021},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2025,"month":9,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460947.770833,"ahargana":1872482.2708,"kali_year":5127,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.2126,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.946955,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":241.20485499999995,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4646},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":189.95925499999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":173.37465499999996,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":87.89675499999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":137.12075500000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":333.76235500000007,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":326.8783,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":146.8783,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2025,"month":9,"day":29,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460947.770833,"kali_year":5127,"ahargana":1872482.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":161.1392,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":244.0629,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":7,"name":"Saptamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Saptamī","elongation_degrees":82.9237,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.9237},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2,"moon_longitude":244.0629,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.0629},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":45.2021},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":13,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.465,"elongation":82.924},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.465,"opposition_distance":97.076}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":12.018131699351857,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 01 Mins 05 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 58 Mins 55 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:07","moonsetLocal":"23:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:22","startHours":7.868388006679581,"endHours":9.370654469098563,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"10:52","end":"12:23","startHours":10.872920931517545,"endHours":12.375187393936528,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"13:53","end":"15:23","startHours":13.877453856355508,"endHours":15.379720318774492,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:34","startHours":9.170352274109366,"endHours":9.57095666408776,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:52","end":"07:11","startHours":6.866877031733593,"endHours":7.187360543716309,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:58","end":"12:47","startHours":11.974583003958132,"endHours":12.775791783914924,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:46","end":"05:34","startHours":4.763703984347018,"endHours":5.564912764303808,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":5.3646105693146104,"endHours":6.366121544260599,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:23","end":"15:11","startHours":14.378209343828503,"endHours":15.179418123785293,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.184253243612456,"endHours":18.584253243612455,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:53","startHours":18.384253243612456,"endHours":18.88500873108545,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.134253243612456,"endHours":19.884253243612456,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:58","end":"00:47","startHours":23.974583003958134,"endHours":24.775791783914922,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:22","end":"07:52","startHours":6.366121544260599,"endHours":7.868388006679581,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:52","end":"09:22","startHours":7.868388006679581,"endHours":9.370654469098563,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:22","end":"10:52","startHours":9.370654469098563,"endHours":10.872920931517545,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"10:52","end":"12:23","startHours":10.872920931517545,"endHours":12.375187393936528,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:23","end":"13:53","startHours":12.375187393936528,"endHours":13.877453856355508,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"13:53","end":"15:23","startHours":13.877453856355508,"endHours":15.379720318774492,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:23","end":"16:53","startHours":15.379720318774492,"endHours":16.881986781193476,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:53","end":"18:23","startHours":16.881986781193476,"endHours":18.384253243612456,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:23","end":"19:53","startHours":18.384253243612456,"endHours":19.881986781193472,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:53","end":"21:23","startHours":19.881986781193472,"endHours":21.379720318774492,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:23","end":"22:53","startHours":21.379720318774492,"endHours":22.87745385635551,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"22:53","end":"00:23","startHours":22.87745385635551,"endHours":24.37518739393653,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:23","end":"01:52","startHours":24.37518739393653,"endHours":25.872920931517545,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"01:52","end":"03:22","startHours":25.872920931517545,"endHours":27.37065446909856,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:22","end":"04:52","startHours":27.37065446909856,"endHours":28.86838800667958,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"04:52","end":"06:22","startHours":28.86838800667958,"endHours":30.3661215442606,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.366121544260599,"endHours":7.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.366121544260599,"endHours":8.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.366121544260599,"endHours":9.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.366121544260599,"endHours":10.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.366121544260599,"endHours":11.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.366121544260599,"endHours":12.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.366121544260599,"endHours":13.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.366121544260599,"endHours":14.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.366121544260599,"endHours":15.366121544260599,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.366121544260599,"endHours":16.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.3661215442606,"endHours":17.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.3661215442606,"endHours":18.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.3661215442606,"endHours":19.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.3661215442606,"endHours":20.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.3661215442606,"endHours":21.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.3661215442606,"endHours":22.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.3661215442606,"endHours":23.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.3661215442606,"endHours":24.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.3661215442606,"endHours":25.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.3661215442606,"endHours":26.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.3661215442606,"endHours":27.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.3661215442606,"endHours":28.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.3661215442606,"endHours":29.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.3661215442606,"endHours":30.3661215442606,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-2.445881573921221,"eotMinutes":10.515556363808276,"ayanamsa":24.2126}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2082,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","saka_samvat":1947,"saka_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","bengali_samvat":1432,"malayalam_era":1201,"nanakshahi_year":556,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Śukla Saptamī · Vikram 2082 Kālayukta · Śaka 1947 Viśvāvasu"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 29, 2025 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 29, 2025 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Saptamī, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2025-09-29","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2025-09-29","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2025-09-29","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2025-09-29","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2025-09-29"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T19:57:06.761Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T19:57:06.761Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T19:57:06.761Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}