{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2024-03-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-03-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-03-20","date_display":"March 20, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":3,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460389.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871924.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":335.8558,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.0408,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":120.185,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.185},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":96.0408,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.7075},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":71.8967},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":3,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460389.770833,"ahargana":1871924.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1913,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":335.7337749999999,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":98.56887499999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4369},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":303.19347500000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":352.792975,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":20.701374999999985,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":315.560875,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":318.11997500000007,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":356.4438,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":176.4438,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":3,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460389.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871924.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":335.8558,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":96.0408,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":120.185,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.185},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":1,"moon_longitude":96.0408,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.7075},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":71.8967},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.437,"elongation":120.185},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.437,"opposition_distance":59.815}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":5,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.356,"opposition_distance":2.193}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:38","sunsetLocal":"18:45","solarNoonLocal":"12:41","dayLengthHours":12.114768308166484,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 06 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 53 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:25","moonsetLocal":"03:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:41","end":"14:12","startHours":12.686329754377912,"endHours":14.200675792898721,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:09","end":"09:39","startHours":8.14329163881548,"endHours":9.65763767733629,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:10","end":"12:41","startHours":11.1719837158571,"endHours":12.686329754377912,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:27","end":"09:52","startHours":9.455724872200182,"endHours":9.859550482472399,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:08","end":"07:27","startHours":7.133727613134939,"endHours":7.4567881013527115,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:17","end":"13:05","startHours":12.282504144105696,"endHours":13.090155364650128,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:01","end":"05:49","startHours":5.013643159205804,"endHours":5.821294379750237,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:37","end":"06:38","startHours":5.6193815746141285,"endHours":6.628945600294669,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:42","end":"15:31","startHours":14.705457805738991,"endHours":15.513109026283423,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:33","end":"18:57","startHours":18.543713908461154,"endHours":18.943713908461152,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:45","end":"19:15","startHours":18.743713908461153,"endHours":19.248495921301423,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:30","end":"20:15","startHours":18.493713908461153,"endHours":20.243713908461153,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:17","end":"01:05","startHours":24.282504144105697,"endHours":25.090155364650126,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:38","end":"08:09","startHours":6.628945600294669,"endHours":8.14329163881548,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:09","end":"09:39","startHours":8.14329163881548,"endHours":9.65763767733629,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:39","end":"11:10","startHours":9.65763767733629,"endHours":11.1719837158571,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:10","end":"12:41","startHours":11.1719837158571,"endHours":12.686329754377912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:41","end":"14:12","startHours":12.686329754377912,"endHours":14.200675792898721,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:12","end":"15:43","startHours":14.200675792898721,"endHours":15.715021831419532,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:43","end":"17:14","startHours":15.715021831419532,"endHours":17.22936786994034,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:14","end":"18:45","startHours":17.22936786994034,"endHours":18.743713908461153,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:45","end":"20:14","startHours":18.743713908461153,"endHours":20.229367869940344,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:14","end":"21:43","startHours":20.229367869940344,"endHours":21.71502183141953,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:43","end":"23:12","startHours":21.71502183141953,"endHours":23.20067579289872,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:12","end":"00:41","startHours":23.20067579289872,"endHours":24.686329754377912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:41","end":"02:10","startHours":24.686329754377912,"endHours":26.171983715857102,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:10","end":"03:39","startHours":26.171983715857102,"endHours":27.65763767733629,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:39","end":"05:09","startHours":27.65763767733629,"endHours":29.14329163881548,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:09","end":"06:38","startHours":29.14329163881548,"endHours":30.62894560029467,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:38","end":"07:38","startHours":6.628945600294669,"endHours":7.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:38","end":"08:38","startHours":7.628945600294669,"endHours":8.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:38","end":"09:38","startHours":8.628945600294669,"endHours":9.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:38","end":"10:38","startHours":9.628945600294669,"endHours":10.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:38","end":"11:38","startHours":10.628945600294669,"endHours":11.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:38","end":"12:38","startHours":11.628945600294669,"endHours":12.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:38","end":"13:38","startHours":12.628945600294669,"endHours":13.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:38","end":"14:38","startHours":13.628945600294669,"endHours":14.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:38","end":"15:38","startHours":14.628945600294669,"endHours":15.628945600294669,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:38","end":"16:38","startHours":15.628945600294669,"endHours":16.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:38","end":"17:38","startHours":16.62894560029467,"endHours":17.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:38","end":"18:38","startHours":17.62894560029467,"endHours":18.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:38","end":"19:38","startHours":18.62894560029467,"endHours":19.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:38","end":"20:38","startHours":19.62894560029467,"endHours":20.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:38","end":"21:38","startHours":20.62894560029467,"endHours":21.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:38","end":"22:38","startHours":21.62894560029467,"endHours":22.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:38","end":"23:38","startHours":22.62894560029467,"endHours":23.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:38","end":"00:38","startHours":23.62894560029467,"endHours":24.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:38","end":"01:38","startHours":24.62894560029467,"endHours":25.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:38","end":"02:38","startHours":25.62894560029467,"endHours":26.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:38","end":"03:38","startHours":26.62894560029467,"endHours":27.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:38","end":"04:38","startHours":27.62894560029467,"endHours":28.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:38","end":"05:38","startHours":28.62894560029467,"endHours":29.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:38","end":"06:38","startHours":29.62894560029467,"endHours":30.62894560029467,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-0.029800097503226985,"eotMinutes":-8.152985262674756,"ayanamsa":24.1913}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"kamada-ekadashi","name":"Kāmadā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"कामदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Fulfills righteous desires; removes brahma-hatyā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 20, 2024 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 20, 2024 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:38, sūryāsta 18:45.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-03-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-03-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-03-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-03-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-03-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T05:02:23.814Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T05:02:23.814Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T05:02:23.814Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}