{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2024-01-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-01-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2024-01-30","date_display":"January 30, 2024 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":1,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460339.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871874.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":285.3768,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":155.7558,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":230.3791,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.3791},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":155.7558,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.0892},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":81.1326},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2024,"month":1,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460339.770833,"ahargana":1871874.2708,"kali_year":5125,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1894,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":285.43468499999994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":152.34898499999997,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.7811},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":264.656885,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":266.267385,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":12.916285000000016,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":253.70828499999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":312.12488499999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":359.093,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":179.093,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2024,"month":1,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2460339.770833,"kali_year":5125,"ahargana":1871874.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":285.3768,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":155.7558,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":230.3791,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.3791},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":155.7558,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.0892},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":81.1326},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":38,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.781,"elongation":129.621},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.781,"opposition_distance":50.379}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:28","solarNoonLocal":"12:46","dayLengthHours":11.383305136801633,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 23 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 37 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:50","moonsetLocal":"09:58","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:37","end":"17:03","startHours":15.61889205046315,"endHours":17.041805192563352,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:56","end":"11:21","startHours":9.927239482062333,"endHours":11.350152624162538,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:46","end":"14:12","startHours":12.773065766262743,"endHours":14.195978908362946,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:07","startHours":9.737517729782306,"endHours":10.11696123434236,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:52","startHours":7.555717578561993,"endHours":7.859272382210037,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:24","end":"13:09","startHours":12.393622261702689,"endHours":13.152509270822797,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:34","end":"06:19","startHours":5.563639179621708,"endHours":6.322526188741817,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:08","end":"07:05","startHours":6.1328044364617895,"endHours":7.0814131978619255,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:26","startHours":14.670283289063015,"endHours":15.429170298183124,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:16","end":"18:40","startHours":18.26471833466356,"endHours":18.664718334663558,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:28","end":"18:56","startHours":18.46471833466356,"endHours":18.939022715363627,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:13","end":"19:58","startHours":18.21471833466356,"endHours":19.96471833466356,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:24","end":"01:09","startHours":24.39362226170269,"endHours":25.152509270822797,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.0814131978619255,"endHours":8.50432633996213,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:30","end":"09:56","startHours":8.50432633996213,"endHours":9.927239482062333,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:56","end":"11:21","startHours":9.927239482062333,"endHours":11.350152624162538,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:21","end":"12:46","startHours":11.350152624162538,"endHours":12.773065766262743,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:46","end":"14:12","startHours":12.773065766262743,"endHours":14.195978908362946,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:12","end":"15:37","startHours":14.195978908362946,"endHours":15.61889205046315,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:37","end":"17:03","startHours":15.61889205046315,"endHours":17.041805192563352,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:03","end":"18:28","startHours":17.041805192563352,"endHours":18.46471833466356,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:28","end":"20:03","startHours":18.46471833466356,"endHours":20.041805192563356,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:03","end":"21:37","startHours":20.041805192563356,"endHours":21.61889205046315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:37","end":"23:12","startHours":21.61889205046315,"endHours":23.195978908362946,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:12","end":"00:46","startHours":23.195978908362946,"endHours":24.773065766262743,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:46","end":"02:21","startHours":24.773065766262743,"endHours":26.35015262416254,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:21","end":"03:56","startHours":26.35015262416254,"endHours":27.927239482062333,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:56","end":"05:30","startHours":27.927239482062333,"endHours":29.50432633996213,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:30","end":"07:05","startHours":29.50432633996213,"endHours":31.081413197861927,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.0814131978619255,"endHours":8.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.081413197861925,"endHours":9.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.081413197861925,"endHours":10.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.081413197861925,"endHours":11.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.081413197861925,"endHours":12.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.081413197861925,"endHours":13.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.081413197861925,"endHours":14.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.081413197861925,"endHours":15.081413197861925,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.081413197861925,"endHours":16.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.081413197861927,"endHours":17.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.081413197861927,"endHours":18.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.081413197861927,"endHours":19.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.081413197861927,"endHours":20.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.081413197861927,"endHours":21.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.081413197861927,"endHours":22.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.081413197861927,"endHours":23.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.081413197861927,"endHours":24.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.081413197861927,"endHours":25.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.081413197861927,"endHours":26.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.081413197861927,"endHours":27.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.081413197861927,"endHours":28.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.081413197861927,"endHours":29.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.081413197861927,"endHours":30.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.081413197861927,"endHours":31.081413197861927,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śubha","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-17.839493630196102,"eotMinutes":-13.357145975764517,"ayanamsa":24.1894}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2081,"vikram_samvatsara":"Piṅgala","saka_samvat":1946,"saka_samvatsara":"Krodhi","bengali_samvat":1431,"malayalam_era":1200,"nanakshahi_year":555,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2081 Piṅgala · Śaka 1946 Krodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 30, 2024 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 30, 2024 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:28.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-01-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-01-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-01-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-01-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2024-01-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:30:55.905Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:30:55.905Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:30:55.905Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}