{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2023-02-02:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2023-02-02","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2023-02-02","date_display":"February 2, 2023 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":2,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459977.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871512.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.7079,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":66.3854,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":137.6775,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6775},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":66.3854,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.052},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":355.0932},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2023,"month":2,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459977.770833,"ahargana":1871512.2708,"kali_year":5124,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1755,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.741217,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":68.13241699999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.3485},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":46.04271699999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":263.5640169999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":342.093517,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":312.90501700000004,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":301.88001699999995,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":18.2735,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":198.2735,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2023,"month":2,"day":2,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459977.770833,"kali_year":5124,"ahargana":1871512.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":288.7079,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":66.3854,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":137.6775,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.6775},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":66.3854,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.052},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":355.0932},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.348,"elongation":137.677},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.348,"opposition_distance":42.323}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:04","sunsetLocal":"18:30","solarNoonLocal":"12:47","dayLengthHours":11.422591930666524,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 25 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 34 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:32","moonsetLocal":"04:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:13","end":"15:38","startHours":14.208876277789802,"endHours":15.636700269123118,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:04","end":"08:30","startHours":7.069756321123225,"endHours":8.49758031245654,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:56","end":"11:21","startHours":9.925404303789856,"endHours":11.35322829512317,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:07","startHours":9.735027771612081,"endHours":10.11578083596763,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:33","end":"07:51","startHours":7.5456976515676635,"endHours":7.8503001030521045,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:24","end":"13:10","startHours":12.400299222100937,"endHours":13.161805350812038,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:33","end":"06:18","startHours":5.546744063701022,"endHours":6.308250192412123,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:07","end":"07:04","startHours":6.1178736602343475,"endHours":7.069756321123225,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:27","startHours":14.68481760823424,"endHours":15.446323736945342,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:18","end":"18:42","startHours":18.29234825178975,"endHours":18.69234825178975,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:30","end":"18:58","startHours":18.49234825178975,"endHours":18.96828958223419,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:15","end":"20:00","startHours":18.24234825178975,"endHours":19.99234825178975,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:24","end":"01:10","startHours":24.400299222100934,"endHours":25.16180535081204,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:04","end":"08:30","startHours":7.069756321123225,"endHours":8.49758031245654,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:30","end":"09:56","startHours":8.49758031245654,"endHours":9.925404303789856,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:56","end":"11:21","startHours":9.925404303789856,"endHours":11.35322829512317,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:21","end":"12:47","startHours":11.35322829512317,"endHours":12.781052286456486,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:47","end":"14:13","startHours":12.781052286456486,"endHours":14.208876277789802,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:13","end":"15:38","startHours":14.208876277789802,"endHours":15.636700269123118,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:38","end":"17:04","startHours":15.636700269123118,"endHours":17.064524260456434,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:04","end":"18:30","startHours":17.064524260456434,"endHours":18.49234825178975,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:30","end":"20:04","startHours":18.49234825178975,"endHours":20.064524260456434,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:04","end":"21:38","startHours":20.064524260456434,"endHours":21.636700269123118,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:38","end":"23:13","startHours":21.636700269123118,"endHours":23.208876277789805,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:13","end":"00:47","startHours":23.208876277789805,"endHours":24.781052286456486,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:47","end":"02:21","startHours":24.781052286456486,"endHours":26.353228295123174,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:21","end":"03:56","startHours":26.353228295123174,"endHours":27.925404303789858,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:56","end":"05:30","startHours":27.925404303789858,"endHours":29.49758031245654,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:30","end":"07:04","startHours":29.49758031245654,"endHours":31.069756321123226,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.069756321123225,"endHours":8.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.069756321123226,"endHours":9.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.069756321123226,"endHours":10.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.069756321123226,"endHours":11.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.069756321123226,"endHours":12.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.069756321123226,"endHours":13.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.069756321123226,"endHours":14.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.069756321123226,"endHours":15.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.069756321123226,"endHours":16.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.069756321123226,"endHours":17.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.069756321123226,"endHours":18.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.069756321123226,"endHours":19.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.069756321123226,"endHours":20.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.069756321123226,"endHours":21.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.069756321123226,"endHours":22.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.069756321123226,"endHours":23.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.069756321123226,"endHours":24.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.069756321123226,"endHours":25.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.069756321123226,"endHours":26.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.069756321123226,"endHours":27.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.069756321123226,"endHours":28.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.069756321123226,"endHours":29.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.069756321123226,"endHours":30.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":30.069756321123226,"endHours":31.069756321123226,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Amṛta","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-16.93442861294477,"eotMinutes":-13.836337187389248,"ayanamsa":24.1755}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2080,"vikram_samvatsara":"Nala","saka_samvat":1945,"saka_samvatsara":"Śobhana","bengali_samvat":1430,"malayalam_era":1199,"nanakshahi_year":554,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2080 Nala · Śaka 1945 Śobhana"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga February 2, 2023 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"February 2, 2023 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:04, sūryāsta 18:30.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2023-02-02","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2023-02-02","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2023-02-02","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2023-02-02","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2023-02-02"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:30:39.671Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T22:30:39.671Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T22:30:39.671Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}