{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2022-03-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2022-03-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2022-03-01","date_display":"March 1, 2022 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459639.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871174.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.3678,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":295.9874,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":339.6196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.6196},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":295.9874,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6541},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":252.3552},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2022,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459639.770833,"ahargana":1871174.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1626,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.26633100000004,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":293.999231,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4288},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":271.655131,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":292.263731,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":319.704331,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":271.0584309999999,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":294.692631,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":36.1824,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":216.1824,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2022,"month":3,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459639.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871174.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":316.3678,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":295.9874,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":29,"name":"Caturdaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī","elongation_degrees":339.6196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.6196},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":295.9874,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.6541},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":252.3552},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":56,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.429,"elongation":20.38},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.429,"opposition_distance":159.62}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:52","sunsetLocal":"18:40","solarNoonLocal":"12:46","dayLengthHours":11.80877801251845,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 48 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 11 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"05:33","moonsetLocal":"17:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:12","startHours":15.720026839081525,"endHours":17.196124090646332,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:49","end":"11:18","startHours":9.8156378328223,"endHours":11.291735084387106,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:46","end":"14:15","startHours":12.767832335951912,"endHours":14.24392958751672,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:37","end":"10:01","startHours":9.618824865946992,"endHours":10.012450799697607,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:21","end":"07:40","startHours":7.355475746880956,"endHours":7.670376493881449,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:10","startHours":12.374206402201297,"endHours":13.161458269702527,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:17","end":"06:05","startHours":5.288939594690228,"endHours":6.076191462191457,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:53","end":"06:52","startHours":5.87937849531615,"endHours":6.8634433296926876,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:44","end":"15:31","startHours":14.735962004704987,"endHours":15.523213872206217,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:28","end":"18:52","startHours":18.47222134221114,"endHours":18.872221342211137,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:40","end":"19:10","startHours":18.672221342211138,"endHours":19.164253759399408,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:25","end":"20:10","startHours":18.422221342211138,"endHours":20.172221342211138,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:10","startHours":24.374206402201295,"endHours":25.16145826970253,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:52","end":"08:20","startHours":6.8634433296926876,"endHours":8.339540581257493,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"08:20","end":"09:49","startHours":8.339540581257493,"endHours":9.8156378328223,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:49","end":"11:18","startHours":9.8156378328223,"endHours":11.291735084387106,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:18","end":"12:46","startHours":11.291735084387106,"endHours":12.767832335951912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:46","end":"14:15","startHours":12.767832335951912,"endHours":14.24392958751672,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:15","end":"15:43","startHours":14.24392958751672,"endHours":15.720026839081525,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:43","end":"17:12","startHours":15.720026839081525,"endHours":17.196124090646332,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:12","end":"18:40","startHours":17.196124090646332,"endHours":18.672221342211138,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:40","end":"20:12","startHours":18.672221342211138,"endHours":20.196124090646332,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:12","end":"21:43","startHours":20.196124090646332,"endHours":21.720026839081527,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:43","end":"23:15","startHours":21.720026839081527,"endHours":23.243929587516718,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:15","end":"00:46","startHours":23.243929587516718,"endHours":24.767832335951912,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:46","end":"02:18","startHours":24.767832335951912,"endHours":26.291735084387106,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:18","end":"03:49","startHours":26.291735084387106,"endHours":27.8156378328223,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:49","end":"05:20","startHours":27.8156378328223,"endHours":29.339540581257495,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"05:20","end":"06:52","startHours":29.339540581257495,"endHours":30.863443329692686,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:52","end":"07:52","startHours":6.8634433296926876,"endHours":7.8634433296926876,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:52","end":"08:52","startHours":7.8634433296926876,"endHours":8.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:52","end":"09:52","startHours":8.863443329692688,"endHours":9.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:52","end":"10:52","startHours":9.863443329692688,"endHours":10.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:52","end":"11:52","startHours":10.863443329692688,"endHours":11.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:52","end":"12:52","startHours":11.863443329692688,"endHours":12.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:52","end":"13:52","startHours":12.863443329692688,"endHours":13.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:52","end":"14:52","startHours":13.863443329692688,"endHours":14.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:52","end":"15:52","startHours":14.863443329692688,"endHours":15.863443329692688,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:52","end":"16:52","startHours":15.863443329692688,"endHours":16.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:52","end":"17:52","startHours":16.863443329692686,"endHours":17.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:52","end":"18:52","startHours":17.863443329692686,"endHours":18.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:52","end":"19:52","startHours":18.863443329692686,"endHours":19.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:52","end":"20:52","startHours":19.863443329692686,"endHours":20.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:52","end":"21:52","startHours":20.863443329692686,"endHours":21.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:52","end":"22:52","startHours":21.863443329692686,"endHours":22.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:52","end":"23:52","startHours":22.863443329692686,"endHours":23.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:52","end":"00:52","startHours":23.863443329692686,"endHours":24.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:52","end":"01:52","startHours":24.863443329692686,"endHours":25.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:52","end":"02:52","startHours":25.863443329692686,"endHours":26.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:52","end":"03:52","startHours":26.863443329692686,"endHours":27.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:52","end":"04:52","startHours":27.863443329692686,"endHours":28.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:52","end":"05:52","startHours":28.863443329692686,"endHours":29.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:52","end":"06:52","startHours":29.863443329692686,"endHours":30.863443329692686,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhūmra","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-7.656326118405002,"eotMinutes":-13.043140157114735,"ayanamsa":24.1626}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2079,"vikram_samvatsara":"Rākṣasa","saka_samvat":1944,"saka_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","bengali_samvat":1429,"malayalam_era":1198,"nanakshahi_year":553,"lunar_month":"Phālguna","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Kumbha (Māsi)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Phālguna Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī · Vikram 2079 Rākṣasa · Śaka 1944 Śubhakṛt"},"festivals":[{"id":"maha-shivaratri","name":"Mahā Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"महा शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"The greatest night of Lord Śiva; cosmic dance of dissolution.","vrata":true,"primary_observance":"Strict fast + night-long vigil + 4-yāma pūjā","detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Phālguna"},"precedence":1},{"id":"kumbha-sankranti","name":"Kumbha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"कुम्भ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aquarius; Kumbha-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Kumbha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"masika-shivaratri","name":"Māsika Śivarātri","name_sanskrit":"मासिक शिवरात्रि","tradition":"Shaiva","associated_deity":"Śiva","significance":"Monthly Śiva observance.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":29,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"maha-shivaratri-walk","name":"Mahā Śivarātri Walk","name_sanskrit":"महा शिवरात्रि यात्रा","type":"festival","description":"Śiva-stuti through Bhāgavata + Mahābhārata Anuśāsana.","step_count":12,"url":"/walk/maha-shivaratri-walk"},"reason":"Today is Mahā Śivarātri — its dedicated walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 1, 2022 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 1, 2022 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturdaśī, sūryodaya 06:52, sūryāsta 18:40.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2022-03-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2022-03-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2022-03-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2022-03-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2022-03-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T20:46:28.301Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-14T20:46:28.301Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-14T20:46:28.301Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}