{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2021-12-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-12-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-12-01","date_display":"December 1, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459549.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871084.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.3455,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":180.7754,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":316.4299,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.4299},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":180.7754,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4421},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":45.121},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459549.770833,"ahargana":1871084.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1592,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.899769,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":179.179169,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.9014},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":206.942769,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":225.570469,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":301.21566900000005,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":266.088669,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":284.854969,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":40.951,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":220.951,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":12,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459549.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1871084.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":224.3455,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":180.7754,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":27,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":316.4299,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.4299},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":180.7754,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4421},"yoga":{"number":4,"name":"Saubhāgya","sum_longitude":45.121},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":52,"name":"Kaulava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.901,"elongation":43.57},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.901,"opposition_distance":136.43}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-12,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.942,"opposition_distance":2.637}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:47","sunsetLocal":"17:59","solarNoonLocal":"12:23","dayLengthHours":11.206194365390523,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 12 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 47 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"03:29","moonsetLocal":"15:12","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:23","end":"13:47","startHours":12.38159582332666,"endHours":13.782370119000475,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:11","end":"09:35","startHours":8.179272936305214,"endHours":9.58004723197903,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:59","end":"12:23","startHours":10.980821527652845,"endHours":12.38159582332666,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:24","end":"09:46","startHours":9.393277325889187,"endHours":9.766817138068872,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:15","end":"07:33","startHours":7.245423405856004,"endHours":7.544255255599751,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:45","startHours":12.008056011146975,"endHours":12.755135635506344,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:17","end":"06:02","startHours":5.2843393919126616,"endHours":6.0314190162720305,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:51","end":"06:47","startHours":5.844649110182188,"endHours":6.7784986406313985,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:15","end":"15:00","startHours":14.24929488422508,"endHours":14.996374508584449,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:47","end":"18:11","startHours":17.78469300602192,"endHours":18.18469300602192,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"17:59","end":"18:27","startHours":17.98469300602192,"endHours":18.451617771246525,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:44","end":"19:29","startHours":17.73469300602192,"endHours":19.48469300602192,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:45","startHours":24.008056011146977,"endHours":24.755135635506342,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:47","end":"08:11","startHours":6.7784986406313985,"endHours":8.179272936305214,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:11","end":"09:35","startHours":8.179272936305214,"endHours":9.58004723197903,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:35","end":"10:59","startHours":9.58004723197903,"endHours":10.980821527652845,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:59","end":"12:23","startHours":10.980821527652845,"endHours":12.38159582332666,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:23","end":"13:47","startHours":12.38159582332666,"endHours":13.782370119000475,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:47","end":"15:11","startHours":13.782370119000475,"endHours":15.183144414674292,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:11","end":"16:35","startHours":15.183144414674292,"endHours":16.583918710348104,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:35","end":"17:59","startHours":16.583918710348104,"endHours":17.98469300602192,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:59","end":"19:35","startHours":17.98469300602192,"endHours":19.583918710348104,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:35","end":"21:11","startHours":19.583918710348104,"endHours":21.183144414674288,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:11","end":"22:47","startHours":21.183144414674288,"endHours":22.782370119000475,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:47","end":"00:23","startHours":22.782370119000475,"endHours":24.38159582332666,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:23","end":"01:59","startHours":24.38159582332666,"endHours":25.980821527652843,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:59","end":"03:35","startHours":25.980821527652843,"endHours":27.58004723197903,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:35","end":"05:11","startHours":27.58004723197903,"endHours":29.179272936305214,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:11","end":"06:47","startHours":29.179272936305214,"endHours":30.778498640631398,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:47","end":"07:47","startHours":6.7784986406313985,"endHours":7.7784986406313985,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:47","end":"08:47","startHours":7.7784986406313985,"endHours":8.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:47","end":"09:47","startHours":8.778498640631398,"endHours":9.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:47","end":"10:47","startHours":9.778498640631398,"endHours":10.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:47","end":"11:47","startHours":10.778498640631398,"endHours":11.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:47","end":"12:47","startHours":11.778498640631398,"endHours":12.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:47","end":"13:47","startHours":12.778498640631398,"endHours":13.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:47","end":"14:47","startHours":13.778498640631398,"endHours":14.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:47","end":"15:47","startHours":14.778498640631398,"endHours":15.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:47","end":"16:47","startHours":15.778498640631398,"endHours":16.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:47","end":"17:47","startHours":16.778498640631398,"endHours":17.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:47","end":"18:47","startHours":17.778498640631398,"endHours":18.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:47","end":"19:47","startHours":18.778498640631398,"endHours":19.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:47","end":"20:47","startHours":19.778498640631398,"endHours":20.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:47","end":"21:47","startHours":20.778498640631398,"endHours":21.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:47","end":"22:47","startHours":21.778498640631398,"endHours":22.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:47","end":"23:47","startHours":22.778498640631398,"endHours":23.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:47","end":"00:47","startHours":23.778498640631398,"endHours":24.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:47","end":"01:47","startHours":24.778498640631398,"endHours":25.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:47","end":"02:47","startHours":25.778498640631398,"endHours":26.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:47","end":"03:47","startHours":26.778498640631398,"endHours":27.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:47","end":"04:47","startHours":27.778498640631398,"endHours":28.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:47","end":"05:47","startHours":28.778498640631398,"endHours":29.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:47","end":"06:47","startHours":29.778498640631398,"endHours":30.778498640631398,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-21.805794917852683,"eotMinutes":10.131050600400467,"ayanamsa":24.1592}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛścika (Kārttikai)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrischika-sankranti","name":"Vṛścika Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृश्चिक सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Scorpio.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛścika"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 1, 2021 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 1, 2021 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:47, sūryāsta 17:59.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-12-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-12-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-12-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-12-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-12-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:33:47.767Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T02:33:47.767Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T02:33:47.767Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}