{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2021-08-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-08-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2021-08-31","date_display":"August 31, 2021 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459457.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870992.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":132.9844,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":51.9275,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":278.9431,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.9431},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":51.9275,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9275},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":184.9119},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2021,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459457.770833,"ahargana":1870992.2708,"kali_year":5123,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1556,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.71948400000002,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":51.68578400000001,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.4778},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":145.891684,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":156.67458399999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":301.61348399999997,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":173.001984,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":284.063084,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":45.8256,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":225.8256,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2021,"month":8,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459457.770833,"kali_year":5123,"ahargana":1870992.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":132.9844,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":51.9275,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":278.9431,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.9431},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":51.9275,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9275},"yoga":{"number":14,"name":"Harṣaṇa","sum_longitude":184.9119},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.478,"elongation":81.057},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.478,"opposition_distance":98.943}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"18:47","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":12.464920279753224,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 54 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 06 Secs","moonriseLocal":"00:33","moonsetLocal":"13:36","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:40","end":"17:13","startHours":15.664250244548517,"endHours":17.222365279517668,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:26","end":"10:59","startHours":9.431790104671904,"endHours":10.989905139641058,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:33","end":"14:06","startHours":12.548020174610212,"endHours":14.106135209579364,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:38","startHours":9.224041433342684,"endHours":9.639538776001125,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:50","end":"07:10","startHours":6.834931713056649,"endHours":7.167329587183402,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:58","startHours":12.132522831951771,"endHours":12.963517517268652,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:39","end":"05:29","startHours":4.653570664099836,"endHours":5.484565349416717,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:19","startHours":5.2768166780874965,"endHours":6.315560034733599,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:27","startHours":14.625506887902414,"endHours":15.456501573219295,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:35","end":"18:59","startHours":18.580480314486824,"endHours":18.980480314486822,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:47","end":"19:18","startHours":18.780480314486823,"endHours":19.299851992809874,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:32","end":"20:17","startHours":18.530480314486823,"endHours":20.280480314486823,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:58","startHours":24.13252283195177,"endHours":24.963517517268652,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:19","end":"07:52","startHours":6.315560034733599,"endHours":7.8736750697027515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:52","end":"09:26","startHours":7.8736750697027515,"endHours":9.431790104671904,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:26","end":"10:59","startHours":9.431790104671904,"endHours":10.989905139641058,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:59","end":"12:33","startHours":10.989905139641058,"endHours":12.548020174610212,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:33","end":"14:06","startHours":12.548020174610212,"endHours":14.106135209579364,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:40","startHours":14.106135209579364,"endHours":15.664250244548517,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:40","end":"17:13","startHours":15.664250244548517,"endHours":17.222365279517668,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:13","end":"18:47","startHours":17.222365279517668,"endHours":18.780480314486823,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:47","end":"20:13","startHours":18.780480314486823,"endHours":20.22236527951767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:13","end":"21:40","startHours":20.22236527951767,"endHours":21.664250244548516,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:40","end":"23:06","startHours":21.664250244548516,"endHours":23.106135209579364,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:06","end":"00:33","startHours":23.106135209579364,"endHours":24.548020174610212,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:33","end":"01:59","startHours":24.548020174610212,"endHours":25.98990513964106,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:59","end":"03:26","startHours":25.98990513964106,"endHours":27.431790104671904,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:26","end":"04:52","startHours":27.431790104671904,"endHours":28.873675069702752,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:52","end":"06:19","startHours":28.873675069702752,"endHours":30.3155600347336,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.315560034733599,"endHours":7.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.315560034733599,"endHours":8.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.315560034733599,"endHours":9.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.315560034733599,"endHours":10.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.315560034733599,"endHours":11.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.315560034733599,"endHours":12.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.315560034733599,"endHours":13.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.315560034733599,"endHours":14.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.315560034733599,"endHours":15.315560034733599,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.315560034733599,"endHours":16.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.3155600347336,"endHours":17.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.3155600347336,"endHours":18.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.3155600347336,"endHours":19.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.3155600347336,"endHours":20.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.3155600347336,"endHours":21.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.3155600347336,"endHours":22.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.3155600347336,"endHours":23.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.3155600347336,"endHours":24.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.3155600347336,"endHours":25.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.3155600347336,"endHours":26.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.3155600347336,"endHours":27.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.3155600347336,"endHours":28.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.3155600347336,"endHours":29.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.3155600347336,"endHours":30.3155600347336,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.61515337083501,"eotMinutes":0.14558952338733633,"ayanamsa":24.1556}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2078,"vikram_samvatsara":"Ānanda","saka_samvat":1943,"saka_samvatsara":"Plava","bengali_samvat":1428,"malayalam_era":1197,"nanakshahi_year":552,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2078 Ānanda · Śaka 1943 Plava"},"festivals":[{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3226-07-09","event":"Bhagavān Krishna's birth at Mathurā","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Rohiṇī","url":"/day/-3226-07-09","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga August 31, 2021 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"August 31, 2021 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 18:47.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-08-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-08-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-08-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-08-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2021-08-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:11:10.633Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T00:11:10.633Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T00:11:10.633Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}