{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2020-10-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-10-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2020-10-18","date_display":"October 18, 2020 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2020,"month":10,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459140.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870675.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":180.2055,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":196.2474,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.0419,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0419},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":196.2474,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5807},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":16.4529},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2020,"month":10,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459140.770833,"ahargana":1870675.2708,"kali_year":5122,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1435,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":180.98389599999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":198.43239599999993,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.2558},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":355.282296,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":196.46209599999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":265.178896,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":143.54159600000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":271.4778960000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":62.6218,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":242.6218,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2020,"month":10,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2459140.770833,"kali_year":5122,"ahargana":1870675.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":180.2055,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":196.2474,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":2,"name":"Dvitīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvitīyā","elongation_degrees":16.0419,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.0419},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":196.2474,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.5807},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":16.4529},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":2,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.256,"elongation":16.042},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.256,"opposition_distance":163.958}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:26","sunsetLocal":"18:09","solarNoonLocal":"12:18","dayLengthHours":11.724734664636491,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 43 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 16 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"07:44","moonsetLocal":"19:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:41","end":"18:09","startHours":16.69062786251838,"endHours":18.15621969559794,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:18","end":"13:46","startHours":12.293852363279694,"endHours":13.759444196359256,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:14","end":"16:41","startHours":15.225036029438817,"endHours":16.69062786251838,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:33","startHours":9.167256452709964,"endHours":9.55808094153118,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:55","end":"07:14","startHours":6.92001564198797,"endHours":7.232675233044943,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:41","startHours":11.903027874458477,"endHours":12.68467685210091,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:52","end":"05:39","startHours":4.868187075676583,"endHours":5.649836053319016,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:27","end":"06:26","startHours":5.454423808908408,"endHours":6.431485030961449,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:15","end":"15:02","startHours":14.247974807385777,"endHours":15.02962378502821,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:57","end":"18:21","startHours":17.95621969559794,"endHours":18.35621969559794,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:09","end":"18:39","startHours":18.15621969559794,"endHours":18.64475030662446,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:54","end":"19:39","startHours":17.90621969559794,"endHours":19.65621969559794,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:41","startHours":23.903027874458477,"endHours":24.68467685210091,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:26","end":"07:54","startHours":6.431485030961449,"endHours":7.8970768640410105,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:54","end":"09:22","startHours":7.8970768640410105,"endHours":9.362668697120572,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:22","end":"10:50","startHours":9.362668697120572,"endHours":10.828260530200133,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:50","end":"12:18","startHours":10.828260530200133,"endHours":12.293852363279694,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:18","end":"13:46","startHours":12.293852363279694,"endHours":13.759444196359256,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:46","end":"15:14","startHours":13.759444196359256,"endHours":15.225036029438817,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:14","end":"16:41","startHours":15.225036029438817,"endHours":16.69062786251838,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:41","end":"18:09","startHours":16.69062786251838,"endHours":18.15621969559794,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:09","end":"19:41","startHours":18.15621969559794,"endHours":19.69062786251838,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:41","end":"21:14","startHours":19.69062786251838,"endHours":21.22503602943882,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:14","end":"22:46","startHours":21.22503602943882,"endHours":22.759444196359254,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:46","end":"00:18","startHours":22.759444196359254,"endHours":24.293852363279694,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:18","end":"01:50","startHours":24.293852363279694,"endHours":25.828260530200133,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:50","end":"03:22","startHours":25.828260530200133,"endHours":27.362668697120572,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:22","end":"04:54","startHours":27.362668697120572,"endHours":28.89707686404101,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:54","end":"06:26","startHours":28.89707686404101,"endHours":30.431485030961447,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.431485030961449,"endHours":7.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.431485030961449,"endHours":8.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.431485030961449,"endHours":9.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.431485030961449,"endHours":10.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.431485030961449,"endHours":11.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.431485030961449,"endHours":12.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.431485030961449,"endHours":13.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.431485030961449,"endHours":14.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.431485030961449,"endHours":15.431485030961449,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.431485030961449,"endHours":16.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.431485030961447,"endHours":17.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.431485030961447,"endHours":18.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.431485030961447,"endHours":19.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.431485030961447,"endHours":20.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.431485030961447,"endHours":21.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.431485030961447,"endHours":22.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.431485030961447,"endHours":23.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.431485030961447,"endHours":24.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.431485030961447,"endHours":25.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.431485030961447,"endHours":26.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.431485030961447,"endHours":27.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.431485030961447,"endHours":28.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.431485030961447,"endHours":29.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":29.431485030961447,"endHours":30.431485030961447,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-9.723292155167538,"eotMinutes":15.395658203218455,"ayanamsa":24.1435}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2077,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramādī","saka_samvat":1942,"saka_samvatsara":"Śārvarī","bengali_samvat":1427,"malayalam_era":1196,"nanakshahi_year":551,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Dvitīyā · Vikram 2077 Pramādī · Śaka 1942 Śārvarī"},"festivals":[{"id":"bhai-dooj","name":"Bhāi Dūja / Bhrātṛ Dvitīyā","name_sanskrit":"भ्रातृ द्वितीया","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Yama + Yamunā (sister-brother)","significance":"Yamunā's reception of brother Yama; sisters welcome brothers. Day 5 of Diwali.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":2,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Kārtika"},"precedence":3},{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 18, 2020 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 18, 2020 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvitīyā, sūryodaya 06:26, sūryāsta 18:09.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-10-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-10-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-10-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-10-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-10-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:35:06.544Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:35:06.544Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:35:06.544Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}