{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2020-01-04:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-01-04","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2020-01-04","date_display":"January 4, 2020 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2020,"month":1,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458852.770833,"kali_year":5121,"ahargana":1870387.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.7308,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.1598,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":100.4289,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.4289},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":359.1598,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4931},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.8906},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2020,"month":1,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458852.770833,"ahargana":1870387.2708,"kali_year":5121,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1325,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.9914,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":358.111,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4129},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":216.0317,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":254.82569999999998,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":253.25890000000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":293.71619999999996,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":267.57050000000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":77.8815,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":257.8815,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2020,"month":1,"day":4,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458852.770833,"kali_year":5121,"ahargana":1870387.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":258.7308,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":359.1598,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":100.4289,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.4289},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":359.1598,"elapsed_within_degrees":12.4931},"yoga":{"number":20,"name":"Śiva","sum_longitude":257.8906},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.413,"elongation":100.429},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.413,"opposition_distance":79.571}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-9,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.726,"elongation":0.409},{"offset_days":7,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.783,"opposition_distance":1.611}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:03","sunsetLocal":"18:13","solarNoonLocal":"12:38","dayLengthHours":11.160841149775214,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 09 Mins 39 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 50 Mins 21 Secs","moonriseLocal":"13:02","moonsetLocal":"01:27","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:51","end":"11:14","startHours":9.843968160311967,"endHours":11.239073304033868,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:02","end":"15:25","startHours":14.029283591477672,"endHours":15.424388735199573,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:27","startHours":7.053757872868163,"endHours":8.448863016590064,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:39","end":"10:02","startHours":9.657954141149046,"endHours":10.029982179474887,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:31","end":"07:49","startHours":7.518792920775463,"endHours":7.816415351436135,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:16","end":"13:00","startHours":12.262150409429928,"endHours":13.00620648608161,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:34","end":"06:19","startHours":5.565645719564801,"endHours":6.309701796216482,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:07","end":"07:03","startHours":6.123687777053561,"endHours":7.053757872868163,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:30","end":"15:14","startHours":14.494318639384971,"endHours":15.238374716036653,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:01","end":"18:25","startHours":18.014599022643377,"endHours":18.414599022643376,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:13","end":"18:41","startHours":18.214599022643377,"endHours":18.679634070550676,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:58","end":"19:43","startHours":17.964599022643377,"endHours":19.714599022643377,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:16","end":"01:00","startHours":24.26215040942993,"endHours":25.00620648608161,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:03","end":"08:27","startHours":7.053757872868163,"endHours":8.448863016590064,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:27","end":"09:51","startHours":8.448863016590064,"endHours":9.843968160311967,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:51","end":"11:14","startHours":9.843968160311967,"endHours":11.239073304033868,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:14","end":"12:38","startHours":11.239073304033868,"endHours":12.634178447755769,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:38","end":"14:02","startHours":12.634178447755769,"endHours":14.029283591477672,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:02","end":"15:25","startHours":14.029283591477672,"endHours":15.424388735199573,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:25","end":"16:49","startHours":15.424388735199573,"endHours":16.819493878921477,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:49","end":"18:13","startHours":16.819493878921477,"endHours":18.214599022643377,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:13","end":"19:49","startHours":18.214599022643377,"endHours":19.819493878921474,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:49","end":"21:25","startHours":19.819493878921474,"endHours":21.424388735199575,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:25","end":"23:02","startHours":21.424388735199575,"endHours":23.02928359147767,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:02","end":"00:38","startHours":23.02928359147767,"endHours":24.63417844775577,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:38","end":"02:14","startHours":24.63417844775577,"endHours":26.239073304033866,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:14","end":"03:51","startHours":26.239073304033866,"endHours":27.843968160311967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:51","end":"05:27","startHours":27.843968160311967,"endHours":29.448863016590064,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:27","end":"07:03","startHours":29.448863016590064,"endHours":31.05375787286816,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:03","end":"08:03","startHours":7.053757872868163,"endHours":8.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:03","end":"09:03","startHours":8.053757872868163,"endHours":9.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:03","end":"10:03","startHours":9.053757872868163,"endHours":10.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:03","end":"11:03","startHours":10.053757872868163,"endHours":11.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:03","end":"12:03","startHours":11.053757872868163,"endHours":12.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:03","end":"13:03","startHours":12.053757872868163,"endHours":13.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:03","end":"14:03","startHours":13.053757872868163,"endHours":14.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:03","end":"15:03","startHours":14.053757872868163,"endHours":15.053757872868163,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:03","end":"16:03","startHours":15.053757872868163,"endHours":16.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:03","end":"17:03","startHours":16.05375787286816,"endHours":17.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:03","end":"18:03","startHours":17.05375787286816,"endHours":18.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:03","end":"19:03","startHours":18.05375787286816,"endHours":19.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:03","end":"20:03","startHours":19.05375787286816,"endHours":20.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:03","end":"21:03","startHours":20.05375787286816,"endHours":21.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:03","end":"22:03","startHours":21.05375787286816,"endHours":22.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:03","end":"23:03","startHours":22.05375787286816,"endHours":23.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:03","end":"00:03","startHours":23.05375787286816,"endHours":24.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:03","end":"01:03","startHours":24.05375787286816,"endHours":25.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:03","end":"02:03","startHours":25.05375787286816,"endHours":26.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:03","end":"03:03","startHours":26.05375787286816,"endHours":27.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:03","end":"04:03","startHours":27.05375787286816,"endHours":28.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:03","end":"05:03","startHours":28.05375787286816,"endHours":29.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:03","end":"06:03","startHours":29.05375787286816,"endHours":30.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:03","end":"07:03","startHours":30.05375787286816,"endHours":31.05375787286816,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Gada","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-22.78934972808506,"eotMinutes":-5.02390686534617,"ayanamsa":24.1325}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2077,"vikram_samvatsara":"Pramādī","saka_samvat":1942,"saka_samvatsara":"Śārvarī","bengali_samvat":1427,"malayalam_era":1196,"nanakshahi_year":551,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2077 Pramādī · Śaka 1942 Śārvarī"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 4, 2020 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 4, 2020 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 07:03, sūryāsta 18:13.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-01-04","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-01-04","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-01-04","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-01-04","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2020-01-04"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T10:29:06.158Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T10:29:06.158Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T10:29:06.158Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}