{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2018-12-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-12-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2018-12-31","date_display":"December 31, 2018 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458483.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870018.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.8844,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":183.0443,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":288.1599,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.1599},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":183.0443,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.7109},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":77.9286},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2018,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458483.770833,"ahargana":1870018.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1184,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.17509800000005,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":185.653098,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.4868},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":334.89289800000006,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":238.01399800000002,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":227.40969799999993,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":208.11159799999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":257.04469800000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":97.4329,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":277.4329,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458483.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1870018.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.8844,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":183.0443,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":288.1599,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.1599},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":183.0443,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.7109},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":77.9286},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":48,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.487,"elongation":71.84},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.487,"opposition_distance":108.16}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":6,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.158,"elongation":1.13}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:02","sunsetLocal":"18:11","solarNoonLocal":"12:36","dayLengthHours":11.14587544689656,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 08 Mins 45 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 15 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:10","moonsetLocal":"13:47","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:26","end":"09:49","startHours":8.425013956143879,"endHours":9.81824838700595,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:13","end":"12:36","startHours":11.21148281786802,"endHours":12.60471724873009,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:00","end":"15:23","startHours":13.997951679592159,"endHours":15.39118611045423,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:38","end":"10:00","startHours":9.63248379622434,"endHours":10.004012977787559,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:30","end":"07:48","startHours":7.4961910022358325,"endHours":7.793414347486407,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:14","end":"12:59","startHours":12.233188067166871,"endHours":12.976246430293308,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:33","end":"06:17","startHours":5.545662799028935,"endHours":6.2887211621553725,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:06","end":"07:02","startHours":6.102956571373762,"endHours":7.031779525281809,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:12","startHours":14.462363156546182,"endHours":15.205421519672619,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:59","end":"18:23","startHours":17.97765497217837,"endHours":18.37765497217837,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:11","end":"18:39","startHours":18.17765497217837,"endHours":18.642066449132393,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:41","startHours":17.92765497217837,"endHours":19.67765497217837,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:14","end":"00:59","startHours":24.23318806716687,"endHours":24.97624643029331,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:02","end":"08:26","startHours":7.031779525281809,"endHours":8.425013956143879,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:26","end":"09:49","startHours":8.425013956143879,"endHours":9.81824838700595,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:49","end":"11:13","startHours":9.81824838700595,"endHours":11.21148281786802,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:13","end":"12:36","startHours":11.21148281786802,"endHours":12.60471724873009,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:36","end":"14:00","startHours":12.60471724873009,"endHours":13.997951679592159,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:00","end":"15:23","startHours":13.997951679592159,"endHours":15.39118611045423,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:23","end":"16:47","startHours":15.39118611045423,"endHours":16.7844205413163,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:47","end":"18:11","startHours":16.7844205413163,"endHours":18.17765497217837,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:11","end":"19:47","startHours":18.17765497217837,"endHours":19.7844205413163,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:47","end":"21:23","startHours":19.7844205413163,"endHours":21.39118611045423,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:23","end":"23:00","startHours":21.39118611045423,"endHours":22.99795167959216,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:00","end":"00:36","startHours":22.99795167959216,"endHours":24.60471724873009,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:36","end":"02:13","startHours":24.60471724873009,"endHours":26.21148281786802,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:13","end":"03:49","startHours":26.21148281786802,"endHours":27.81824838700595,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:49","end":"05:26","startHours":27.81824838700595,"endHours":29.42501395614388,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:26","end":"07:02","startHours":29.42501395614388,"endHours":31.03177952528181,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.031779525281809,"endHours":8.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.03177952528181,"endHours":9.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.03177952528181,"endHours":10.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.03177952528181,"endHours":11.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.03177952528181,"endHours":12.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.03177952528181,"endHours":13.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.03177952528181,"endHours":14.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.03177952528181,"endHours":15.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.03177952528181,"endHours":16.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.03177952528181,"endHours":17.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.03177952528181,"endHours":18.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.03177952528181,"endHours":19.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.03177952528181,"endHours":20.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.03177952528181,"endHours":21.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.03177952528181,"endHours":22.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.03177952528181,"endHours":23.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.03177952528181,"endHours":24.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.03177952528181,"endHours":25.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.03177952528181,"endHours":26.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.03177952528181,"endHours":27.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.03177952528181,"endHours":28.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.03177952528181,"endHours":29.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":29.03177952528181,"endHours":30.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":30.03177952528181,"endHours":31.03177952528181,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāṇa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.110884253932294,"eotMinutes":-3.2562349238053434,"ayanamsa":24.1184}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2075,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","saka_samvat":1940,"saka_samvatsara":"Vilambī","bengali_samvat":1425,"malayalam_era":1194,"nanakshahi_year":549,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2075 Virodhakṛt · Śaka 1940 Vilambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 31, 2018 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 31, 2018 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 07:02, sūryāsta 18:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-12-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-12-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-12-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-12-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-12-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:16:38.790Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T16:16:38.790Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T16:16:38.790Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}