{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2018-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2018-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2018 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458362.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1869897.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.7323,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":20.7528,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":247.0204,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0204},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":20.7528,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4195},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":154.4851},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2018,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458362.770833,"ahargana":1869897.2708,"kali_year":5120,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.1138,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.462921,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":18.689921000000027,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4673},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":274.373921,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":117.31972100000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":202.967621,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":179.20352100000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":248.34022099999993,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":103.844,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":283.844,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2018,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2458362.770833,"kali_year":5120,"ahargana":1869897.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":133.7323,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":20.7528,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":247.0204,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.0204},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":20.7528,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.4195},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":154.4851},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.467,"elongation":112.98},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.467,"opposition_distance":67.02}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":12.454102816611407,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 15 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 45 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:28","moonsetLocal":"11:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:26","end":"10:59","startHours":9.42898733232926,"endHours":10.985750184405685,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:06","end":"15:39","startHours":14.099275888558537,"endHours":15.656038740634962,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:19","end":"07:52","startHours":6.315461628176409,"endHours":7.872224480252834,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:38","startHours":9.221418952052403,"endHours":9.636555712606118,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:50","end":"07:10","startHours":6.834382578868551,"endHours":7.166491987311522,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:57","startHours":12.127376275928398,"endHours":12.957649797035824,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:39","end":"05:29","startHours":4.654914585961555,"endHours":5.485188107068981,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:19","startHours":5.277619726792125,"endHours":6.315461628176409,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:27","startHours":14.618196839250679,"endHours":15.448470360358106,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.569564444787815,"endHours":18.969564444787814,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:17","startHours":18.769564444787814,"endHours":19.288485395479956,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.519564444787814,"endHours":20.269564444787814,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:57","startHours":24.1273762759284,"endHours":24.957649797035828,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:19","end":"07:52","startHours":6.315461628176409,"endHours":7.872224480252834,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:52","end":"09:26","startHours":7.872224480252834,"endHours":9.42898733232926,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:26","end":"10:59","startHours":9.42898733232926,"endHours":10.985750184405685,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:59","end":"12:33","startHours":10.985750184405685,"endHours":12.542513036482113,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:33","end":"14:06","startHours":12.542513036482113,"endHours":14.099275888558537,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:06","end":"15:39","startHours":14.099275888558537,"endHours":15.656038740634962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:39","end":"17:13","startHours":15.656038740634962,"endHours":17.21280159271139,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:46","startHours":17.21280159271139,"endHours":18.769564444787814,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:46","end":"20:13","startHours":18.769564444787814,"endHours":20.21280159271139,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:13","end":"21:39","startHours":20.21280159271139,"endHours":21.656038740634962,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:39","end":"23:06","startHours":21.656038740634962,"endHours":23.099275888558537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:06","end":"00:33","startHours":23.099275888558537,"endHours":24.542513036482113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:33","end":"01:59","startHours":24.542513036482113,"endHours":25.985750184405685,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:59","end":"03:26","startHours":25.985750184405685,"endHours":27.42898733232926,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:26","end":"04:52","startHours":27.42898733232926,"endHours":28.872224480252832,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:52","end":"06:19","startHours":28.872224480252832,"endHours":30.315461628176408,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.315461628176409,"endHours":7.315461628176409,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.315461628176409,"endHours":8.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.315461628176408,"endHours":9.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.315461628176408,"endHours":10.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.315461628176408,"endHours":11.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.315461628176408,"endHours":12.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.315461628176408,"endHours":13.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.315461628176408,"endHours":14.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.315461628176408,"endHours":15.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.315461628176408,"endHours":16.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.315461628176408,"endHours":17.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.315461628176408,"endHours":18.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.315461628176408,"endHours":19.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.315461628176408,"endHours":20.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.315461628176408,"endHours":21.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.315461628176408,"endHours":22.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.315461628176408,"endHours":23.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.315461628176408,"endHours":24.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.315461628176408,"endHours":25.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.315461628176408,"endHours":26.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.315461628176408,"endHours":27.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.315461628176408,"endHours":28.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.315461628176408,"endHours":29.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.315461628176408,"endHours":30.315461628176408,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.35313379511278,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":24.1138}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2075,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhakṛt","saka_samvat":1940,"saka_samvatsara":"Vilambī","bengali_samvat":1425,"malayalam_era":1194,"nanakshahi_year":549,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2075 Virodhakṛt · Śaka 1940 Vilambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"balarama-jayanti","name":"Balarāma Jayantī (Hala-Ṣaṣṭhī)","name_sanskrit":"बलराम जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Balarāma (Krishna's elder brother; ādi-śeṣa)","significance":"Birth of Bala-deva, Krishna's elder brother and Saṅkarṣaṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":21,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":3,"sources":["Bhāgavata 10.2-3"]},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2018 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2018 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2018-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:55:18.101Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T07:55:18.101Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T07:55:18.101Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}