{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2017-01-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2017-01-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2017-01-21","date_display":"January 21, 2017 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457774.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869309.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.9898,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":197.955,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.9652,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9652},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":197.955,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2883},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":114.9448},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457774.770833,"ahargana":1869309.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0913,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":277.092487,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":199.24258699999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.0071},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":330.26428699999997,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":252.708487,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":178.13698699999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":323.7139870000001,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":239.263687,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":134.9991,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":314.9991,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2017,"month":1,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457774.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869309.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":276.9898,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":197.955,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":24,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Navamī","elongation_degrees":280.9652,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9652},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":197.955,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.2883},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":114.9448},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":46,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.007,"elongation":79.035},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.007,"opposition_distance":100.965}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:06","sunsetLocal":"18:23","solarNoonLocal":"12:44","dayLengthHours":11.29268785699103,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 17 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 42 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"01:50","moonsetLocal":"13:16","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.914870223237779,"endHours":11.326456205361659,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.149628169609414,"endHours":15.561214151733294,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.0916982589900215,"endHours":8.5032842411139,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:06","startHours":9.726658758954596,"endHours":10.103081687520962,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.562226919697981,"endHours":7.863365262551075,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:22","end":"13:07","startHours":12.361619258919168,"endHours":13.114465116051905,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.586006544724551,"endHours":6.338852401857286,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:06","startHours":6.150640937574102,"endHours":7.0916982589900215,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:22","startHours":14.620156830317374,"endHours":15.373002687450109,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:11","end":"18:35","startHours":18.184386115981052,"endHours":18.58438611598105,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:23","end":"18:51","startHours":18.38438611598105,"endHours":18.85491477668901,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:08","end":"19:53","startHours":18.13438611598105,"endHours":19.88438611598105,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:22","end":"01:07","startHours":24.36161925891917,"endHours":25.114465116051903,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:06","end":"08:30","startHours":7.0916982589900215,"endHours":8.5032842411139,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.5032842411139,"endHours":9.914870223237779,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:55","end":"11:20","startHours":9.914870223237779,"endHours":11.326456205361659,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:20","end":"12:44","startHours":11.326456205361659,"endHours":12.738042187485537,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:44","end":"14:09","startHours":12.738042187485537,"endHours":14.149628169609414,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:09","end":"15:34","startHours":14.149628169609414,"endHours":15.561214151733294,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:34","end":"16:58","startHours":15.561214151733294,"endHours":16.972800133857174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:58","end":"18:23","startHours":16.972800133857174,"endHours":18.38438611598105,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:23","end":"19:58","startHours":18.38438611598105,"endHours":19.972800133857174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:58","end":"21:34","startHours":19.972800133857174,"endHours":21.561214151733296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:34","end":"23:09","startHours":21.561214151733296,"endHours":23.149628169609414,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:09","end":"00:44","startHours":23.149628169609414,"endHours":24.738042187485537,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:44","end":"02:20","startHours":24.738042187485537,"endHours":26.32645620536166,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:20","end":"03:55","startHours":26.32645620536166,"endHours":27.914870223237777,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.914870223237777,"endHours":29.5032842411139,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:30","end":"07:06","startHours":29.5032842411139,"endHours":31.09169825899002,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:06","end":"08:06","startHours":7.0916982589900215,"endHours":8.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:06","end":"09:06","startHours":8.091698258990021,"endHours":9.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:06","end":"10:06","startHours":9.091698258990021,"endHours":10.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:06","end":"11:06","startHours":10.091698258990021,"endHours":11.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:06","end":"12:06","startHours":11.091698258990021,"endHours":12.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:06","end":"13:06","startHours":12.091698258990021,"endHours":13.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:06","end":"14:06","startHours":13.091698258990021,"endHours":14.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:06","end":"15:06","startHours":14.091698258990021,"endHours":15.091698258990021,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:06","end":"16:06","startHours":15.091698258990021,"endHours":16.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:06","end":"17:06","startHours":16.09169825899002,"endHours":17.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:06","end":"18:06","startHours":17.09169825899002,"endHours":18.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:06","end":"19:06","startHours":18.09169825899002,"endHours":19.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:06","end":"20:06","startHours":19.09169825899002,"endHours":20.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:06","end":"21:06","startHours":20.09169825899002,"endHours":21.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:06","end":"22:06","startHours":21.09169825899002,"endHours":22.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:06","end":"23:06","startHours":22.09169825899002,"endHours":23.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:06","end":"00:06","startHours":23.09169825899002,"endHours":24.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:06","end":"01:06","startHours":24.09169825899002,"endHours":25.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:06","end":"02:06","startHours":25.09169825899002,"endHours":26.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:06","end":"03:06","startHours":26.09169825899002,"endHours":27.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:06","end":"04:06","startHours":27.09169825899002,"endHours":28.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:06","end":"05:06","startHours":28.09169825899002,"endHours":29.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:06","end":"06:06","startHours":29.09169825899002,"endHours":30.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:06","end":"07:06","startHours":30.09169825899002,"endHours":31.09169825899002,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-19.89298483160447,"eotMinutes":-11.255731249132124,"ayanamsa":24.0913}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2074,"vikram_samvatsara":"Sādhāraṇa","saka_samvat":1939,"saka_samvatsara":"Hemalambī","bengali_samvat":1424,"malayalam_era":1193,"nanakshahi_year":548,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Kṛṣṇa Navamī · Vikram 2074 Sādhāraṇa · Śaka 1939 Hemalambī"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 21, 2017 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 21, 2017 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Navamī, sūryodaya 07:06, sūryāsta 18:23.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2017-01-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2017-01-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2017-01-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2017-01-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2017-01-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T18:11:46.930Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T18:11:46.930Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T18:11:46.930Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}