{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2016-05-21:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2016-05-21","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2016-05-21","date_display":"May 21, 2016 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":5,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457529.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.2538,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":206.9759,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":170.722,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.722},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":206.9759,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.9759},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":243.2297},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2016,"month":5,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457529.770833,"ahargana":1869064.2708,"kali_year":5118,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0819,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.347848,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":207.00914799999998,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.856},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":218.011348,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":20.065848000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":138.714948,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":31.570848000000012,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":229.806148,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":147.9804,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":327.9804,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2016,"month":5,"day":21,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457529.770833,"kali_year":5118,"ahargana":1869064.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":36.2538,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":206.9759,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":170.722,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.722},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":206.9759,"elapsed_within_degrees":6.9759},"yoga":{"number":19,"name":"Parigha","sum_longitude":243.2297},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":28,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.856,"elongation":170.722},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.856,"opposition_distance":9.278}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:00","sunsetLocal":"18:59","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":12.97148865094205,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 58 Mins 17 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 01 Mins 43 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:12","moonsetLocal":"05:32","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:15","end":"10:52","startHours":9.248584207556519,"endHours":10.870020288924277,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:07","end":"15:44","startHours":14.11289245165979,"endHours":15.734328533027544,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:00","end":"07:38","startHours":6.005712044821007,"endHours":7.6271481261887635,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.032392730040819,"endHours":9.46477568507222,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:33","end":"06:54","startHours":6.546190738610259,"endHours":6.892097102635381,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.05907341526063,"endHours":12.923839325323433,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:17","end":"05:08","startHours":4.2761802246954,"endHours":5.140946134758204,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:55","end":"06:00","startHours":4.924754657242503,"endHours":6.005712044821007,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:31","startHours":14.65337114544904,"endHours":15.518137055511843,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:47","end":"19:11","startHours":18.777200695763057,"endHours":19.177200695763055,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:59","end":"19:31","startHours":18.977200695763056,"endHours":19.517679389552306,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:44","end":"20:29","startHours":18.727200695763056,"endHours":20.477200695763056,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.05907341526063,"endHours":24.92383932532343,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:00","end":"07:38","startHours":6.005712044821007,"endHours":7.6271481261887635,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:38","end":"09:15","startHours":7.6271481261887635,"endHours":9.248584207556519,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:15","end":"10:52","startHours":9.248584207556519,"endHours":10.870020288924277,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:52","end":"12:29","startHours":10.870020288924277,"endHours":12.491456370292031,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:29","end":"14:07","startHours":12.491456370292031,"endHours":14.11289245165979,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:07","end":"15:44","startHours":14.11289245165979,"endHours":15.734328533027544,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:44","end":"17:21","startHours":15.734328533027544,"endHours":17.3557646143953,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:21","end":"18:59","startHours":17.3557646143953,"endHours":18.977200695763056,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:59","end":"20:21","startHours":18.977200695763056,"endHours":20.355764614395298,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:21","end":"21:44","startHours":20.355764614395298,"endHours":21.734328533027544,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:44","end":"23:07","startHours":21.734328533027544,"endHours":23.11289245165979,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:07","end":"00:29","startHours":23.11289245165979,"endHours":24.49145637029203,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:29","end":"01:52","startHours":24.49145637029203,"endHours":25.870020288924273,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:52","end":"03:15","startHours":25.870020288924273,"endHours":27.24858420755652,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:15","end":"04:38","startHours":27.24858420755652,"endHours":28.627148126188764,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:38","end":"06:00","startHours":28.627148126188764,"endHours":30.005712044821006,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:00","end":"07:00","startHours":6.005712044821007,"endHours":7.005712044821007,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:00","end":"08:00","startHours":7.005712044821007,"endHours":8.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:00","end":"09:00","startHours":8.005712044821006,"endHours":9.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:00","end":"10:00","startHours":9.005712044821006,"endHours":10.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:00","end":"11:00","startHours":10.005712044821006,"endHours":11.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:00","end":"12:00","startHours":11.005712044821006,"endHours":12.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:00","end":"13:00","startHours":12.005712044821006,"endHours":13.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:00","end":"14:00","startHours":13.005712044821006,"endHours":14.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:00","end":"15:00","startHours":14.005712044821006,"endHours":15.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:00","end":"16:00","startHours":15.005712044821006,"endHours":16.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:00","end":"17:00","startHours":16.005712044821006,"endHours":17.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:00","end":"18:00","startHours":17.005712044821006,"endHours":18.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:00","end":"19:00","startHours":18.005712044821006,"endHours":19.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:00","end":"20:00","startHours":19.005712044821006,"endHours":20.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:00","end":"21:00","startHours":20.005712044821006,"endHours":21.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:00","end":"22:00","startHours":21.005712044821006,"endHours":22.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:00","end":"23:00","startHours":22.005712044821006,"endHours":23.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:00","end":"00:00","startHours":23.005712044821006,"endHours":24.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:00","end":"01:00","startHours":24.005712044821006,"endHours":25.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:00","end":"02:00","startHours":25.005712044821006,"endHours":26.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:00","end":"03:00","startHours":26.005712044821006,"endHours":27.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:00","end":"04:00","startHours":27.005712044821006,"endHours":28.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:00","end":"05:00","startHours":28.005712044821006,"endHours":29.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:00","end":"06:00","startHours":29.005712044821006,"endHours":30.005712044821006,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":20.238473684467316,"eotMinutes":3.539417782478063,"ayanamsa":24.0819}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2073,"vikram_samvatsara":"Saumya","saka_samvat":1938,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmukhi","bengali_samvat":1423,"malayalam_era":1192,"nanakshahi_year":547,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2073 Saumya · Śaka 1938 Durmukhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"jyeshtha-purnima","name":"Jyeṣṭha Pūrṇimā (Vaṭa Sāvitrī)","name_sanskrit":"ज्येष्ठ पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Vaṭa Sāvitrī Pūrṇimā in some traditions (others observe Amāvasyā).","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha"},"precedence":3},{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā + Viśākhā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":1},{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 21, 2016 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 21, 2016 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:00, sūryāsta 18:59.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2016-05-21","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2016-05-21","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2016-05-21","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2016-05-21","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2016-05-21"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:24:46.225Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T13:24:46.225Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T13:24:46.225Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}