{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2015-12-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2015-12-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2015-12-31","date_display":"December 31, 2015 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457387.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868922.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.6544,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":141.8504,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":247.196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.196},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":141.8504,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.517},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":36.5047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457387.770833,"ahargana":1868922.2708,"kali_year":5117,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0765,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.940474,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":141.228274,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.0612},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":183.71647400000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":274.342174,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":148.325374,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":216.58977400000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":226.73787400000003,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":155.5042,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":335.5042,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2015,"month":12,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2457387.770833,"kali_year":5117,"ahargana":1868922.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":254.6544,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":141.8504,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":21,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":247.196,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.196},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":141.8504,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.517},"yoga":{"number":3,"name":"Āyuṣmān","sum_longitude":36.5047},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":41,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.061,"elongation":112.804},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.061,"opposition_distance":67.196}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:02","sunsetLocal":"18:11","solarNoonLocal":"12:36","dayLengthHours":11.144987601095018,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 08 Mins 42 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 18 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:52","moonsetLocal":"11:11","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:00","end":"15:23","startHours":13.997840698866968,"endHours":15.390964149003846,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:02","end":"08:26","startHours":7.032223448182582,"endHours":8.425346898319459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:49","end":"11:13","startHours":9.818470348456337,"endHours":11.211593798593213,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:38","end":"10:00","startHours":9.632720555104752,"endHours":10.00422014180792,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:30","end":"07:48","startHours":7.496597931561541,"endHours":7.793797600924075,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:14","end":"12:59","startHours":12.233217662026922,"endHours":12.976216835433258,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:33","end":"06:17","startHours":5.546225101369913,"endHours":6.289224274776247,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:06","end":"07:02","startHours":6.103474481424664,"endHours":7.032223448182582,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:12","startHours":14.462215182245927,"endHours":15.205214355652261,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:59","end":"18:23","startHours":17.9772110492776,"endHours":18.377211049277598,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:11","end":"18:38","startHours":18.1772110492776,"endHours":18.641585532656556,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:41","startHours":17.9272110492776,"endHours":19.6772110492776,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:14","end":"00:59","startHours":24.233217662026924,"endHours":24.976216835433256,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:02","end":"08:26","startHours":7.032223448182582,"endHours":8.425346898319459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"08:26","end":"09:49","startHours":8.425346898319459,"endHours":9.818470348456337,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:49","end":"11:13","startHours":9.818470348456337,"endHours":11.211593798593213,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:13","end":"12:36","startHours":11.211593798593213,"endHours":12.60471724873009,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:36","end":"14:00","startHours":12.60471724873009,"endHours":13.997840698866968,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:00","end":"15:23","startHours":13.997840698866968,"endHours":15.390964149003846,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:23","end":"16:47","startHours":15.390964149003846,"endHours":16.784087599140722,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"16:47","end":"18:11","startHours":16.784087599140722,"endHours":18.1772110492776,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:11","end":"19:47","startHours":18.1772110492776,"endHours":19.784087599140722,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:47","end":"21:23","startHours":19.784087599140722,"endHours":21.390964149003842,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:23","end":"23:00","startHours":21.390964149003842,"endHours":22.997840698866966,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:00","end":"00:36","startHours":22.997840698866966,"endHours":24.60471724873009,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:36","end":"02:13","startHours":24.60471724873009,"endHours":26.211593798593213,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:13","end":"03:49","startHours":26.211593798593213,"endHours":27.818470348456337,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:49","end":"05:26","startHours":27.818470348456337,"endHours":29.425346898319457,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"05:26","end":"07:02","startHours":29.425346898319457,"endHours":31.03222344818258,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.032223448182582,"endHours":8.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.032223448182581,"endHours":9.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.032223448182581,"endHours":10.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.032223448182581,"endHours":11.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.032223448182581,"endHours":12.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.032223448182581,"endHours":13.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.032223448182581,"endHours":14.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.032223448182581,"endHours":15.032223448182581,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.032223448182581,"endHours":16.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.03222344818258,"endHours":17.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.03222344818258,"endHours":18.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.03222344818258,"endHours":19.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.03222344818258,"endHours":20.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.03222344818258,"endHours":21.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.03222344818258,"endHours":22.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.03222344818258,"endHours":23.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.03222344818258,"endHours":24.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.03222344818258,"endHours":25.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.03222344818258,"endHours":26.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.03222344818258,"endHours":27.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.03222344818258,"endHours":28.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.03222344818258,"endHours":29.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":29.03222344818258,"endHours":30.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":30.03222344818258,"endHours":31.03222344818258,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.12991181412051,"eotMinutes":-3.2562349238053434,"ayanamsa":24.0765}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2072,"vikram_samvatsara":"Kīlaka","saka_samvat":1937,"saka_samvatsara":"Manmatha","bengali_samvat":1422,"malayalam_era":1191,"nanakshahi_year":546,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2072 Kīlaka · Śaka 1937 Manmatha"},"festivals":[{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 31, 2015 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 31, 2015 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 07:02, sūryāsta 18:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2015-12-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2015-12-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2015-12-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2015-12-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2015-12-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:35:16.227Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:35:16.227Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T12:35:16.227Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}