{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2013-09-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-09-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-09-01","date_display":"September 1, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456536.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868071.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.0155,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":82.5623,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":308.5468,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5468},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":82.5623,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5623},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":216.5778},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456536.770833,"ahargana":1868071.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0439,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.734888,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":84.47238800000002,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.9712},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":98.31968799999999,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":141.260488,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":79.41748799999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":173.89748800000007,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":192.84948800000006,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":200.5943,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":20.5943,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":9,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456536.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1868071.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":134.0155,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":82.5623,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":308.5468,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":8.5468},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1,"moon_longitude":82.5623,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5623},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":216.5778},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":51,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.971,"elongation":51.453},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.971,"opposition_distance":128.547}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:19","sunsetLocal":"18:46","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":12.450982432971454,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 27 Mins 04 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 32 Mins 56 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:41","moonsetLocal":"15:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:13","end":"18:46","startHours":17.211631448846408,"endHours":18.768004252967838,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:33","end":"14:06","startHours":12.542513036482113,"endHours":14.098885840603543,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:39","end":"17:13","startHours":15.655258644724974,"endHours":17.211631448846408,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:38","startHours":9.222251054356391,"endHours":9.637283802122106,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:50","end":"07:10","startHours":6.835812754703529,"endHours":7.167838952916101,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:57","startHours":12.127480288716397,"endHours":12.957545784247825,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:39","end":"05:29","startHours":4.656890828933524,"endHours":5.486956324464955,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:17","end":"06:19","startHours":5.2794399505820975,"endHours":6.317021819996385,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:27","startHours":14.617676775310688,"endHours":15.447742270842118,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:34","end":"18:58","startHours":18.56800425296784,"endHours":18.968004252967837,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:46","end":"19:17","startHours":18.768004252967838,"endHours":19.286795187674983,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:31","end":"20:16","startHours":18.518004252967838,"endHours":20.268004252967838,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:57","startHours":24.1274802887164,"endHours":24.957545784247827,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:19","end":"07:52","startHours":6.317021819996385,"endHours":7.873394624117816,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:52","end":"09:26","startHours":7.873394624117816,"endHours":9.429767428239249,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:26","end":"10:59","startHours":9.429767428239249,"endHours":10.986140232360679,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:59","end":"12:33","startHours":10.986140232360679,"endHours":12.542513036482113,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:33","end":"14:06","startHours":12.542513036482113,"endHours":14.098885840603543,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:06","end":"15:39","startHours":14.098885840603543,"endHours":15.655258644724974,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:39","end":"17:13","startHours":15.655258644724974,"endHours":17.211631448846408,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:13","end":"18:46","startHours":17.211631448846408,"endHours":18.768004252967838,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:46","end":"20:13","startHours":18.768004252967838,"endHours":20.211631448846408,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:13","end":"21:39","startHours":20.211631448846408,"endHours":21.655258644724974,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:39","end":"23:06","startHours":21.655258644724974,"endHours":23.098885840603543,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:06","end":"00:33","startHours":23.098885840603543,"endHours":24.542513036482113,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:33","end":"01:59","startHours":24.542513036482113,"endHours":25.98614023236068,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:59","end":"03:26","startHours":25.98614023236068,"endHours":27.42976742823925,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:26","end":"04:52","startHours":27.42976742823925,"endHours":28.873394624117815,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:52","end":"06:19","startHours":28.873394624117815,"endHours":30.317021819996384,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:19","end":"07:19","startHours":6.317021819996385,"endHours":7.317021819996385,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:19","end":"08:19","startHours":7.317021819996385,"endHours":8.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:19","end":"09:19","startHours":8.317021819996384,"endHours":9.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:19","end":"10:19","startHours":9.317021819996384,"endHours":10.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:19","end":"11:19","startHours":10.317021819996384,"endHours":11.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:19","end":"12:19","startHours":11.317021819996384,"endHours":12.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:19","end":"13:19","startHours":12.317021819996384,"endHours":13.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:19","end":"14:19","startHours":13.317021819996384,"endHours":14.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:19","end":"15:19","startHours":14.317021819996384,"endHours":15.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:19","end":"16:19","startHours":15.317021819996384,"endHours":16.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:19","end":"17:19","startHours":16.317021819996384,"endHours":17.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:19","end":"18:19","startHours":17.317021819996384,"endHours":18.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:19","end":"19:19","startHours":18.317021819996384,"endHours":19.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:19","end":"20:19","startHours":19.317021819996384,"endHours":20.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:19","end":"21:19","startHours":20.317021819996384,"endHours":21.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:19","end":"22:19","startHours":21.317021819996384,"endHours":22.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:19","end":"23:19","startHours":22.317021819996384,"endHours":23.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:19","end":"00:19","startHours":23.317021819996384,"endHours":24.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:19","end":"01:19","startHours":24.317021819996384,"endHours":25.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:19","end":"02:19","startHours":25.317021819996384,"endHours":26.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:19","end":"03:19","startHours":26.317021819996384,"endHours":27.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:19","end":"04:19","startHours":27.317021819996384,"endHours":28.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:19","end":"05:19","startHours":28.317021819996384,"endHours":29.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:19","end":"06:19","startHours":29.317021819996384,"endHours":30.317021819996384,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":8.27747101673431,"eotMinutes":0.47601781107335894,"ayanamsa":24.0439}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Siṃha (Āvaṇi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Bhādrapada Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"indira-ekadashi","name":"Indirā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"इन्दिरा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Falls in Pitṛ Pakṣa; liberates ancestors from naraka.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Bhādrapada"},"precedence":3},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"simha-sankranti","name":"Siṁha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"सिंह सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Leo.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Siṃha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Punarvasu","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 1, 2013 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 1, 2013 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:19, sūryāsta 18:46.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-09-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-09-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-09-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-09-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-09-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T20:39:02.127Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T20:39:02.127Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T20:39:02.127Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}