{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2013-05-28:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-28","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-05-28","date_display":"May 28, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456440.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867975.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":42.7205,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":260.4877,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":217.7672,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7672},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":260.4877,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.1544},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":303.2082},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456440.770833,"ahargana":1867975.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0402,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":42.85085600000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":263.23665600000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.6762},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":33.34785599999998,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":60.30365599999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":58.852855999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":58.39175599999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":191.84305599999993,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":205.6808,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":25.6808,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":28,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456440.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867975.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":42.7205,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":260.4877,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":19,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Caturthī","elongation_degrees":217.7672,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.7672},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":260.4877,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.1544},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":303.2082},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":36,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.676,"elongation":142.233},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.676,"opposition_distance":37.767}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-18,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.055,"elongation":1.837},{"offset_days":-3,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.875,"opposition_distance":2.792}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"19:01","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":13.028863158883254,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 01 Mins 44 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 58 Mins 16 Secs","moonriseLocal":"21:37","moonsetLocal":"08:46","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:46","end":"17:23","startHours":15.7594655642167,"endHours":17.38807345907711,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:15","end":"10:52","startHours":9.245033984775073,"endHours":10.873641879635482,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"14:08","startHours":12.502249774495887,"endHours":14.130857669356296,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.027886265460353,"endHours":9.462181704089796,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:32","end":"06:53","startHours":6.530687493341063,"endHours":6.878123844244616,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:56","startHours":12.067954335866444,"endHours":12.93654521312533,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:07","startHours":4.250636440536494,"endHours":5.119227317795377,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:59","startHours":4.902079598480656,"endHours":5.987818195054261,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:40","end":"15:33","startHours":14.673726967643098,"endHours":15.542317844901982,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:49","end":"19:13","startHours":18.816681353937515,"endHours":19.216681353937513,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:01","end":"19:34","startHours":19.016681353937514,"endHours":19.559550652224317,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:46","end":"20:31","startHours":18.766681353937514,"endHours":20.516681353937514,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:56","startHours":24.067954335866446,"endHours":24.936545213125328,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:59","end":"07:37","startHours":5.987818195054261,"endHours":7.616426089914667,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:37","end":"09:15","startHours":7.616426089914667,"endHours":9.245033984775073,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:15","end":"10:52","startHours":9.245033984775073,"endHours":10.873641879635482,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:52","end":"12:30","startHours":10.873641879635482,"endHours":12.502249774495887,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:30","end":"14:08","startHours":12.502249774495887,"endHours":14.130857669356296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:08","end":"15:46","startHours":14.130857669356296,"endHours":15.7594655642167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:46","end":"17:23","startHours":15.7594655642167,"endHours":17.38807345907711,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:23","end":"19:01","startHours":17.38807345907711,"endHours":19.016681353937514,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:01","end":"20:23","startHours":19.016681353937514,"endHours":20.388073459077106,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:23","end":"21:46","startHours":20.388073459077106,"endHours":21.7594655642167,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:46","end":"23:08","startHours":21.7594655642167,"endHours":23.130857669356296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:08","end":"00:30","startHours":23.130857669356296,"endHours":24.502249774495887,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:30","end":"01:52","startHours":24.502249774495887,"endHours":25.87364187963548,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:52","end":"03:15","startHours":25.87364187963548,"endHours":27.245033984775073,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:15","end":"04:37","startHours":27.245033984775073,"endHours":28.61642608991467,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:37","end":"05:59","startHours":28.61642608991467,"endHours":29.98781819505426,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.987818195054261,"endHours":6.987818195054261,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.987818195054261,"endHours":7.987818195054261,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.987818195054261,"endHours":8.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.98781819505426,"endHours":9.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.98781819505426,"endHours":10.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.98781819505426,"endHours":11.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.98781819505426,"endHours":12.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.98781819505426,"endHours":13.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.98781819505426,"endHours":14.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.98781819505426,"endHours":15.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.98781819505426,"endHours":16.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.98781819505426,"endHours":17.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.98781819505426,"endHours":18.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.98781819505426,"endHours":19.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.98781819505426,"endHours":20.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.98781819505426,"endHours":21.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.98781819505426,"endHours":22.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.98781819505426,"endHours":23.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.98781819505426,"endHours":24.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.98781819505426,"endHours":25.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.98781819505426,"endHours":26.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.98781819505426,"endHours":27.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.98781819505426,"endHours":28.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.98781819505426,"endHours":29.98781819505426,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhātṛ","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.45796354743023,"eotMinutes":2.8918135302468597,"ayanamsa":24.0402}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Kṛṣṇa Caturthī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"angarika-chaturthi","name":"Aṅgāraka Caturthī (Tuesday Caturthī)","name_sanskrit":"अङ्गारक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa + Maṅgala","significance":"Tuesday-Caturthī (rare); supremely auspicious for Maṅgala-doṣa-nivāraṇa.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":4,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"},{"tithi_number":19,"vara_name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}]},"precedence":3},{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5},{"id":"sankashti-chaturthi","name":"Saṅkaṣṭī Caturthī","name_sanskrit":"सङ्कष्टी चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Gaṇeśa vrata.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":19,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 28, 2013 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 28, 2013 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Caturthī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 19:01.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-28","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-28","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-28","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-28","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-28"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T23:09:58.341Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T23:09:58.341Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T23:09:58.341Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}