{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2013-05-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-05-16","date_display":"May 16, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456428.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867963.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.2559,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":100.9253,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":69.6694,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6694},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":100.9253,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.5919},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":132.1811},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":11,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456428.770833,"ahargana":1867963.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0398,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.310213999999974,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":97.08811400000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.3383},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":24.673113999999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":36.09411399999999,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":56.191214,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":43.686113999999975,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":192.62461400000007,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":206.3166,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":26.3166,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":5,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456428.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867963.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":31.2559,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":100.9253,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":6,"name":"Ṣaṣṭhī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī","elongation_degrees":69.6694,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.6694},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":3,"moon_longitude":100.9253,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.5919},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":132.1811},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":11,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.338,"elongation":69.669},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.338,"opposition_distance":110.331}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-20,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.09,"opposition_distance":1.352},{"offset_days":-6,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.055,"elongation":1.837},{"offset_days":9,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":0.875,"opposition_distance":2.792}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:02","sunsetLocal":"18:57","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":12.918757789189044,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 55 Mins 08 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 04 Mins 52 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:25","moonsetLocal":"23:20","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:43","startHours":14.102903807668838,"endHours":15.717748531317469,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:02","end":"07:39","startHours":6.0286801894256845,"endHours":7.643524913074315,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:16","end":"10:52","startHours":9.258369636722946,"endHours":10.873214360371577,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:03","end":"09:28","startHours":9.043057006903128,"endHours":9.473682266542763,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:34","end":"06:55","startHours":6.566961763975228,"endHours":6.911461971686936,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:03","end":"12:55","startHours":12.057433824380572,"endHours":12.918684343659843,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:18","end":"05:10","startHours":4.306179150867145,"endHours":5.167429670146415,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:57","end":"06:02","startHours":4.9521170403265975,"endHours":6.0286801894256845,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:30","startHours":14.641185382218382,"endHours":15.502435901497652,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:45","end":"19:09","startHours":18.74743797861473,"endHours":19.14743797861473,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:57","end":"19:29","startHours":18.94743797861473,"endHours":19.485719553164273,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:42","end":"20:27","startHours":18.69743797861473,"endHours":20.44743797861473,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:03","end":"00:55","startHours":24.057433824380574,"endHours":24.91868434365984,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:02","end":"07:39","startHours":6.0286801894256845,"endHours":7.643524913074315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:39","end":"09:16","startHours":7.643524913074315,"endHours":9.258369636722946,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:16","end":"10:52","startHours":9.258369636722946,"endHours":10.873214360371577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:52","end":"12:29","startHours":10.873214360371577,"endHours":12.488059084020207,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:29","end":"14:06","startHours":12.488059084020207,"endHours":14.102903807668838,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:06","end":"15:43","startHours":14.102903807668838,"endHours":15.717748531317469,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:43","end":"17:20","startHours":15.717748531317469,"endHours":17.3325932549661,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:20","end":"18:57","startHours":17.3325932549661,"endHours":18.94743797861473,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:57","end":"20:20","startHours":18.94743797861473,"endHours":20.3325932549661,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:20","end":"21:43","startHours":20.3325932549661,"endHours":21.71774853131747,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:43","end":"23:06","startHours":21.71774853131747,"endHours":23.102903807668838,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:06","end":"00:29","startHours":23.102903807668838,"endHours":24.488059084020207,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:29","end":"01:52","startHours":24.488059084020207,"endHours":25.873214360371577,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:52","end":"03:16","startHours":25.873214360371577,"endHours":27.258369636722946,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:16","end":"04:39","startHours":27.258369636722946,"endHours":28.643524913074316,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:39","end":"06:02","startHours":28.643524913074316,"endHours":30.028680189425685,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":6.0286801894256845,"endHours":7.0286801894256845,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.0286801894256845,"endHours":8.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.028680189425685,"endHours":9.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.028680189425685,"endHours":10.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.028680189425685,"endHours":11.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.028680189425685,"endHours":12.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.028680189425685,"endHours":13.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.028680189425685,"endHours":14.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.028680189425685,"endHours":15.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.028680189425685,"endHours":16.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.028680189425685,"endHours":17.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.028680189425685,"endHours":18.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.028680189425685,"endHours":19.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.028680189425685,"endHours":20.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.028680189425685,"endHours":21.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.028680189425685,"endHours":22.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.028680189425685,"endHours":23.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.028680189425685,"endHours":24.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.028680189425685,"endHours":25.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.028680189425685,"endHours":26.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.028680189425685,"endHours":27.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.028680189425685,"endHours":28.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.028680189425685,"endHours":29.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":29.028680189425685,"endHours":30.028680189425685,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mātaṇga","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":19.098362543468756,"eotMinutes":3.743254958787478,"ayanamsa":24.0398}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 16, 2013 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 16, 2013 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Ṣaṣṭhī, sūryodaya 06:02, sūryāsta 18:57.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-05-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T08:10:00.281Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T08:10:00.281Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T08:10:00.281Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}