{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2013-04-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-04-30","date_display":"April 30, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456412.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867947.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.8643,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.9716,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.1073,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1073},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.9716,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9716},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":266.836},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456412.770833,"ahargana":1867947.2708,"kali_year":5115,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0392,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.829226000000006,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":253.67342600000006,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":3.1134},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":12.91062599999998,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":2.5052259999999933,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":52.79472599999997,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":24.00512600000002,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":193.804126,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":207.1644,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":27.1644,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456412.770833,"kali_year":5115,"ahargana":1867947.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":15.8643,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":250.9716,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":20,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":235.1073,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.1073},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":4,"moon_longitude":250.9716,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.9716},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":266.836},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":39,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.113,"elongation":124.893},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":3.113,"opposition_distance":55.107}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":-4,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.09,"opposition_distance":1.352},{"offset_days":10,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.055,"elongation":1.837}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:08","sunsetLocal":"18:52","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":12.725519259819693,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 43 Mins 32 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 16 Mins 28 Secs","moonriseLocal":"22:49","moonsetLocal":"09:55","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:17","startHours":15.685402128468219,"endHours":17.27609203594568,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:19","end":"10:55","startHours":9.322642498558372,"endHours":10.913332406035835,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"14:06","startHours":12.504022313513296,"endHours":14.094712220990758,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:07","end":"09:32","startHours":9.110550510894711,"endHours":9.534734486222034,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:40","end":"07:01","startHours":6.671492652762603,"endHours":7.010839833024462,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:56","startHours":12.079838338185972,"endHours":12.92820628884062,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:27","end":"05:18","startHours":4.444526782294156,"endHours":5.2928947329488025,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:05","end":"06:08","startHours":5.0808027452851405,"endHours":6.141262683603449,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:37","end":"15:28","startHours":14.62494219014991,"endHours":15.473310140804557,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:40","end":"19:04","startHours":18.666781943423143,"endHours":19.06678194342314,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:52","end":"19:24","startHours":18.866781943423142,"endHours":19.397011912582297,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:37","end":"20:22","startHours":18.616781943423142,"endHours":20.366781943423142,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:56","startHours":24.079838338185972,"endHours":24.92820628884062,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:08","end":"07:44","startHours":6.141262683603449,"endHours":7.73195259108091,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:44","end":"09:19","startHours":7.73195259108091,"endHours":9.322642498558372,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:19","end":"10:55","startHours":9.322642498558372,"endHours":10.913332406035835,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:55","end":"12:30","startHours":10.913332406035835,"endHours":12.504022313513296,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:30","end":"14:06","startHours":12.504022313513296,"endHours":14.094712220990758,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.094712220990758,"endHours":15.685402128468219,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:41","end":"17:17","startHours":15.685402128468219,"endHours":17.27609203594568,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:17","end":"18:52","startHours":17.27609203594568,"endHours":18.866781943423142,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"18:52","end":"20:17","startHours":18.866781943423142,"endHours":20.27609203594568,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:17","end":"21:41","startHours":20.27609203594568,"endHours":21.68540212846822,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:41","end":"23:06","startHours":21.68540212846822,"endHours":23.094712220990758,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:06","end":"00:30","startHours":23.094712220990758,"endHours":24.504022313513296,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:30","end":"01:55","startHours":24.504022313513296,"endHours":25.913332406035835,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:55","end":"03:19","startHours":25.913332406035835,"endHours":27.322642498558373,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:19","end":"04:44","startHours":27.322642498558373,"endHours":28.731952591080912,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:44","end":"06:08","startHours":28.731952591080912,"endHours":30.14126268360345,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:08","end":"07:08","startHours":6.141262683603449,"endHours":7.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:08","end":"08:08","startHours":7.141262683603449,"endHours":8.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:08","end":"09:08","startHours":8.141262683603449,"endHours":9.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:08","end":"10:08","startHours":9.141262683603449,"endHours":10.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:08","end":"11:08","startHours":10.141262683603449,"endHours":11.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:08","end":"12:08","startHours":11.141262683603449,"endHours":12.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:08","end":"13:08","startHours":12.141262683603449,"endHours":13.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:08","end":"14:08","startHours":13.141262683603449,"endHours":14.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:08","end":"15:08","startHours":14.141262683603449,"endHours":15.141262683603449,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:08","end":"16:08","startHours":15.141262683603449,"endHours":16.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:08","end":"17:08","startHours":16.14126268360345,"endHours":17.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:08","end":"18:08","startHours":17.14126268360345,"endHours":18.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:08","end":"19:08","startHours":18.14126268360345,"endHours":19.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:08","end":"20:08","startHours":19.14126268360345,"endHours":20.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:08","end":"21:08","startHours":20.14126268360345,"endHours":21.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:08","end":"22:08","startHours":21.14126268360345,"endHours":22.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:08","end":"23:08","startHours":22.14126268360345,"endHours":23.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:08","end":"00:08","startHours":23.14126268360345,"endHours":24.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:08","end":"01:08","startHours":24.14126268360345,"endHours":25.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:08","end":"02:08","startHours":25.14126268360345,"endHours":26.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:08","end":"03:08","startHours":26.14126268360345,"endHours":27.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:08","end":"04:08","startHours":27.14126268360345,"endHours":28.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:08","end":"05:08","startHours":28.14126268360345,"endHours":29.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:08","end":"06:08","startHours":29.14126268360345,"endHours":30.14126268360345,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":14.771046447623249,"eotMinutes":2.785461189202204,"ayanamsa":24.0392}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 30, 2013 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 30, 2013 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:08, sūryāsta 18:52.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:46:03.924Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T12:46:03.924Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T12:46:03.924Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}