{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2013-04-10:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-10","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2013-04-10","date_display":"April 10, 2013 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456392.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867927.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":356.4148,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":353.7011,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":357.2863,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2863},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":353.7011,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.0344},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":350.1159},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456392.770833,"ahargana":1867927.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0384,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":356.29969,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":352.07239,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.5485},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":357.90589,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":330.05188999999996,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":48.92818999999997,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":359.28389,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":195.28028999999992,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":208.2241,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":28.2241,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2013,"month":4,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456392.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867927.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":356.4148,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":353.7011,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":357.2863,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.2863},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":353.7011,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.0344},"yoga":{"number":27,"name":"Vaidhṛti","sum_longitude":350.1159},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.549,"elongation":2.714},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.549,"opposition_distance":177.286}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":16,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-1.09,"opposition_distance":1.352}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:22","sunsetLocal":"18:48","solarNoonLocal":"12:35","dayLengthHours":12.437319600913376,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 26 Mins 14 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 33 Mins 46 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:08","moonsetLocal":"18:28","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:35","end":"14:08","startHours":12.577230926086084,"endHours":14.131895876200257,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:55","end":"09:28","startHours":7.913236075743569,"endHours":9.467901025857742,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:01","end":"12:35","startHours":11.022565975971913,"endHours":12.577230926086084,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:16","end":"09:41","startHours":9.260612365842519,"endHours":9.675189685872965,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:53","end":"07:13","startHours":6.876792775667455,"endHours":7.208454631691811,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:10","end":"13:00","startHours":12.162653606055638,"endHours":12.99180824611653,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:42","end":"05:32","startHours":4.7002618455076135,"endHours":5.529416485568506,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:22","startHours":5.322127825553283,"endHours":6.358571125629397,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:29","startHours":14.650117526238315,"endHours":15.479272166299207,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:36","end":"19:00","startHours":18.595890726542773,"endHours":18.995890726542772,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:48","end":"19:19","startHours":18.795890726542773,"endHours":19.31411237658083,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:33","end":"20:18","startHours":18.545890726542773,"endHours":20.295890726542773,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:10","end":"01:00","startHours":24.16265360605564,"endHours":24.99180824611653,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:22","end":"07:55","startHours":6.358571125629397,"endHours":7.913236075743569,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:55","end":"09:28","startHours":7.913236075743569,"endHours":9.467901025857742,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:28","end":"11:01","startHours":9.467901025857742,"endHours":11.022565975971913,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:01","end":"12:35","startHours":11.022565975971913,"endHours":12.577230926086084,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:35","end":"14:08","startHours":12.577230926086084,"endHours":14.131895876200257,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:08","end":"15:41","startHours":14.131895876200257,"endHours":15.68656082631443,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:41","end":"17:14","startHours":15.68656082631443,"endHours":17.2412257764286,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:14","end":"18:48","startHours":17.2412257764286,"endHours":18.795890726542773,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:48","end":"20:14","startHours":18.795890726542773,"endHours":20.2412257764286,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:14","end":"21:41","startHours":20.2412257764286,"endHours":21.686560826314427,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:41","end":"23:08","startHours":21.686560826314427,"endHours":23.131895876200257,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:08","end":"00:35","startHours":23.131895876200257,"endHours":24.577230926086084,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:35","end":"02:01","startHours":24.577230926086084,"endHours":26.02256597597191,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:01","end":"03:28","startHours":26.02256597597191,"endHours":27.467901025857742,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:28","end":"04:55","startHours":27.467901025857742,"endHours":28.91323607574357,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:55","end":"06:22","startHours":28.91323607574357,"endHours":30.358571125629396,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:22","end":"07:22","startHours":6.358571125629397,"endHours":7.358571125629397,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:22","end":"08:22","startHours":7.358571125629397,"endHours":8.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:22","end":"09:22","startHours":8.358571125629396,"endHours":9.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:22","end":"10:22","startHours":9.358571125629396,"endHours":10.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:22","end":"11:22","startHours":10.358571125629396,"endHours":11.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:22","end":"12:22","startHours":11.358571125629396,"endHours":12.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:22","end":"13:22","startHours":12.358571125629396,"endHours":13.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:22","end":"14:22","startHours":13.358571125629396,"endHours":14.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:22","end":"15:22","startHours":14.358571125629396,"endHours":15.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:22","end":"16:22","startHours":15.358571125629396,"endHours":16.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:22","end":"17:22","startHours":16.358571125629396,"endHours":17.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:22","end":"18:22","startHours":17.358571125629396,"endHours":18.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:22","end":"19:22","startHours":18.358571125629396,"endHours":19.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:22","end":"20:22","startHours":19.358571125629396,"endHours":20.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:22","end":"21:22","startHours":20.358571125629396,"endHours":21.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:22","end":"22:22","startHours":21.358571125629396,"endHours":22.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:22","end":"23:22","startHours":22.358571125629396,"endHours":23.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:22","end":"00:22","startHours":23.358571125629396,"endHours":24.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:22","end":"01:22","startHours":24.358571125629396,"endHours":25.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:22","end":"02:22","startHours":25.358571125629396,"endHours":26.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:22","end":"03:22","startHours":26.358571125629396,"endHours":27.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:22","end":"04:22","startHours":27.358571125629396,"endHours":28.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:22","end":"05:22","startHours":28.358571125629396,"endHours":29.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:22","end":"06:22","startHours":29.358571125629396,"endHours":30.358571125629396,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Chatra","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","tropicalAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":7.945756707168864,"eotMinutes":-1.6070555651651,"ayanamsa":24.0384}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2070,"vikram_samvatsara":"Parābhava","saka_samvat":1935,"saka_samvatsara":"Vijaya","bengali_samvat":1420,"malayalam_era":1189,"nanakshahi_year":544,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Caitra","lunar_month_amanta":"Phālguna","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2070 Parābhava · Śaka 1935 Vijaya"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 10, 2013 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 10, 2013 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:22, sūryāsta 18:48.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-10","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-10","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-10","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-10","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2013-04-10"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:08:11.659Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T11:08:11.659Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T11:08:11.659Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}