{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2012-10-20:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2012-10-20","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2012-10-20","date_display":"October 20, 2012 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456220.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867755.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":182.2667,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":241.843,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":59.5763,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5763},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":241.843,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.843},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":64.1097},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2012,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456220.770833,"ahargana":1867755.2708,"kali_year":5114,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0318,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":183.021162,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":245.628562,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":1.8649},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":225.06716200000005,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":205.92936199999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":51.58676200000002,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":145.580562,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":187.39186199999995,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":217.3375,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":37.3375,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2012,"month":10,"day":20,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2456220.770833,"kali_year":5114,"ahargana":1867755.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":182.2667,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":241.843,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"tithi":{"number":5,"name":"Pañcamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pañcamī","elongation_degrees":59.5763,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":11.5763},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1,"moon_longitude":241.843,"elapsed_within_degrees":1.843},"yoga":{"number":5,"name":"Śobhana","sum_longitude":64.1097},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":9,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.865,"elongation":59.576},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":1.865,"opposition_distance":120.424}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:26","sunsetLocal":"18:08","solarNoonLocal":"12:17","dayLengthHours":11.696134179810935,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 41 Mins 46 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 18 Mins 14 Secs","moonriseLocal":"10:55","moonsetLocal":"22:01","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:22","end":"10:50","startHours":9.364798600976744,"endHours":10.826815373453112,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"13:45","end":"15:13","startHours":13.750848918405845,"endHours":15.212865690882213,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:26","end":"07:54","startHours":6.440765056024011,"endHours":7.902781828500378,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:34","startHours":9.169863031313229,"endHours":9.55973417064026,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:56","end":"07:14","startHours":6.9281039801828,"endHours":7.240000891644425,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"11:54","end":"12:41","startHours":11.898961006602448,"endHours":12.67870328525651,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:53","end":"05:40","startHours":4.881280498715887,"endHours":5.661022777369949,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:28","end":"06:26","startHours":5.466087207706433,"endHours":6.440765056024011,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:14","end":"15:01","startHours":14.238187842564635,"endHours":15.017930121218697,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:56","end":"18:20","startHours":17.936899235834947,"endHours":18.336899235834945,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:08","end":"18:37","startHours":18.136899235834946,"endHours":18.624238159993734,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:53","end":"19:38","startHours":17.886899235834946,"endHours":19.636899235834946,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"23:54","end":"00:41","startHours":23.89896100660245,"endHours":24.67870328525651,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:26","end":"07:54","startHours":6.440765056024011,"endHours":7.902781828500378,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:54","end":"09:22","startHours":7.902781828500378,"endHours":9.364798600976744,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:22","end":"10:50","startHours":9.364798600976744,"endHours":10.826815373453112,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:50","end":"12:17","startHours":10.826815373453112,"endHours":12.28883214592948,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:17","end":"13:45","startHours":12.28883214592948,"endHours":13.750848918405845,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"13:45","end":"15:13","startHours":13.750848918405845,"endHours":15.212865690882213,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:13","end":"16:40","startHours":15.212865690882213,"endHours":16.67488246335858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"16:40","end":"18:08","startHours":16.67488246335858,"endHours":18.136899235834946,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:08","end":"19:40","startHours":18.136899235834946,"endHours":19.67488246335858,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:40","end":"21:13","startHours":19.67488246335858,"endHours":21.21286569088221,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:13","end":"22:45","startHours":21.21286569088221,"endHours":22.750848918405843,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"22:45","end":"00:17","startHours":22.750848918405843,"endHours":24.28883214592948,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:17","end":"01:50","startHours":24.28883214592948,"endHours":25.826815373453112,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:50","end":"03:22","startHours":25.826815373453112,"endHours":27.364798600976744,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:22","end":"04:54","startHours":27.364798600976744,"endHours":28.90278182850038,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:54","end":"06:26","startHours":28.90278182850038,"endHours":30.440765056024013,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:26","end":"07:26","startHours":6.440765056024011,"endHours":7.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:26","end":"08:26","startHours":7.440765056024011,"endHours":8.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:26","end":"09:26","startHours":8.440765056024011,"endHours":9.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:26","end":"10:26","startHours":9.440765056024011,"endHours":10.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:26","end":"11:26","startHours":10.440765056024011,"endHours":11.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:26","end":"12:26","startHours":11.440765056024011,"endHours":12.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:26","end":"13:26","startHours":12.440765056024011,"endHours":13.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:26","end":"14:26","startHours":13.440765056024011,"endHours":14.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:26","end":"15:26","startHours":14.440765056024011,"endHours":15.440765056024011,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:26","end":"16:26","startHours":15.440765056024011,"endHours":16.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:26","end":"17:26","startHours":16.440765056024013,"endHours":17.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:26","end":"18:26","startHours":17.440765056024013,"endHours":18.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:26","end":"19:26","startHours":18.440765056024013,"endHours":19.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:26","end":"20:26","startHours":19.440765056024013,"endHours":20.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:26","end":"21:26","startHours":20.440765056024013,"endHours":21.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:26","end":"22:26","startHours":21.440765056024013,"endHours":22.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:26","end":"23:26","startHours":22.440765056024013,"endHours":23.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:26","end":"00:26","startHours":23.440765056024013,"endHours":24.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:26","end":"01:26","startHours":24.440765056024013,"endHours":25.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:26","end":"02:26","startHours":25.440765056024013,"endHours":26.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:26","end":"03:26","startHours":26.440765056024013,"endHours":27.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:26","end":"04:26","startHours":27.440765056024013,"endHours":28.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:26","end":"05:26","startHours":28.440765056024013,"endHours":29.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:26","end":"06:26","startHours":29.440765056024013,"endHours":30.440765056024013,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Lumba","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","vedicRitu":"Śarad (Autumn)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-10.421852176181677,"eotMinutes":15.696871244231174,"ayanamsa":24.0318}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2069,"vikram_samvatsara":"Viśvāvasu","saka_samvat":1934,"saka_samvatsara":"Nandana","bengali_samvat":1419,"malayalam_era":1188,"nanakshahi_year":543,"lunar_month":"Kārtika","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Kārtika Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Tulā (Aippasi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Kārtika Śukla Pañcamī · Vikram 2069 Viśvāvasu · Śaka 1934 Nandana"},"festivals":[{"id":"tula-sankranti","name":"Tulā Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"तुला सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Libra.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Tulā"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga October 20, 2012 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"October 20, 2012 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pañcamī, sūryodaya 06:26, sūryāsta 18:08.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2012-10-20","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2012-10-20","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2012-10-20","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2012-10-20","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2012-10-20"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:18:45.669Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-15T15:18:45.669Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-15T15:18:45.669Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}