{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2011-07-31:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2011-07-31","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2011-07-31","date_display":"July 31, 2011 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455773.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867308.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.9515,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":105.2447,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":2.2931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2931},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":105.2447,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9113},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":208.1962},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2011,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455773.770833,"ahargana":1867308.2708,"kali_year":5113,"ayanamsa_lahiri":24.0147,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.50664,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":107.02774,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.1369},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":63.522339999999986,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":126.71323999999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":14.780340000000024,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":98.81344000000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":168.00734,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":241.0217,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":61.0217,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2011,"month":7,"day":31,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455773.770833,"kali_year":5113,"ahargana":1867308.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.9515,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":105.2447,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":1,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pratipada","elongation_degrees":2.2931,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":2.2931},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4,"moon_longitude":105.2447,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.9113},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":208.1962},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":0,"name":"Kiṃstughna"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.137,"elongation":2.293},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.137,"opposition_distance":177.707}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:13","sunsetLocal":"19:06","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":12.886323394824354,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 11 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 49 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:29","moonsetLocal":"19:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:29","end":"19:06","startHours":17.484007514931644,"endHours":19.09479793928469,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.651636241872513,"endHours":14.262426666225556,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:52","end":"17:29","startHours":15.873217090578601,"endHours":17.484007514931644,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:39","startHours":9.215283336586019,"endHours":9.64482744974683,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:05","startHours":6.74540468591135,"endHours":7.089039976439999,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:05","startHours":12.2220921287117,"endHours":13.081180355033325,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:29","end":"05:21","startHours":4.490298091817088,"endHours":5.349386318138712,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:13","startHours":5.134614261558306,"endHours":6.208474544460335,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:48","end":"15:40","startHours":14.799356807676572,"endHours":15.658445033998197,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:54","end":"19:18","startHours":18.89479793928469,"endHours":19.29479793928469,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:06","end":"19:38","startHours":19.09479793928469,"endHours":19.631728080735705,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:51","end":"20:36","startHours":18.84479793928469,"endHours":20.59479793928469,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:05","startHours":24.2220921287117,"endHours":25.081180355033325,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:13","end":"07:49","startHours":6.208474544460335,"endHours":7.819264968813379,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:49","end":"09:26","startHours":7.819264968813379,"endHours":9.430055393166423,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:26","end":"11:02","startHours":9.430055393166423,"endHours":11.040845817519468,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"11:02","end":"12:39","startHours":11.040845817519468,"endHours":12.651636241872513,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.651636241872513,"endHours":14.262426666225556,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"14:16","end":"15:52","startHours":14.262426666225556,"endHours":15.873217090578601,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:52","end":"17:29","startHours":15.873217090578601,"endHours":17.484007514931644,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:29","end":"19:06","startHours":17.484007514931644,"endHours":19.09479793928469,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"19:06","end":"20:29","startHours":19.09479793928469,"endHours":20.484007514931644,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:29","end":"21:52","startHours":20.484007514931644,"endHours":21.8732170905786,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:52","end":"23:16","startHours":21.8732170905786,"endHours":23.262426666225558,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"23:16","end":"00:39","startHours":23.262426666225558,"endHours":24.651636241872513,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:39","end":"02:02","startHours":24.651636241872513,"endHours":26.040845817519468,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"02:02","end":"03:26","startHours":26.040845817519468,"endHours":27.430055393166423,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:26","end":"04:49","startHours":27.430055393166423,"endHours":28.81926496881338,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:49","end":"06:13","startHours":28.81926496881338,"endHours":30.208474544460337,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.208474544460335,"endHours":7.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.208474544460335,"endHours":8.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.208474544460335,"endHours":9.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.208474544460335,"endHours":10.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.208474544460335,"endHours":11.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.208474544460335,"endHours":12.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.208474544460335,"endHours":13.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.208474544460335,"endHours":14.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.208474544460335,"endHours":15.208474544460335,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.208474544460335,"endHours":16.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.208474544460337,"endHours":17.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.208474544460337,"endHours":18.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.208474544460337,"endHours":19.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.208474544460337,"endHours":20.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.208474544460337,"endHours":21.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.208474544460337,"endHours":22.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.208474544460337,"endHours":23.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.208474544460337,"endHours":24.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.208474544460337,"endHours":25.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.208474544460337,"endHours":26.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.208474544460337,"endHours":27.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.208474544460337,"endHours":28.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.208474544460337,"endHours":29.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.208474544460337,"endHours":30.208474544460337,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.388113323688504,"eotMinutes":-6.071374512350812,"ayanamsa":24.0147}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2068,"vikram_samvatsara":"Krodhi","saka_samvat":1933,"saka_samvatsara":"Khara","bengali_samvat":1418,"malayalam_era":1187,"nanakshahi_year":542,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pratipada · Vikram 2068 Krodhi · Śaka 1933 Khara"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 31, 2011 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 31, 2011 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:13, sūryāsta 19:06.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2011-07-31","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2011-07-31","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2011-07-31","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2011-07-31","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2011-07-31"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T03:50:08.425Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T03:50:08.425Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T03:50:08.425Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}