{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2009-12-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2009-12-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2009-12-16","date_display":"December 16, 2009 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455181.770833,"kali_year":5111,"ahargana":1866716.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.8115,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.799,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.9875,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9875},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":235.799,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.1324},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.6106},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2009,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455181.770833,"ahargana":1866716.2708,"kali_year":5111,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.9921,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":240.2122589999999,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.008059,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.6806},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":115.42325900000003,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":260.15415899999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":299.60925900000007,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":233.64455900000007,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":159.69125899999995,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":272.3887,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":92.3887,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2009,"month":12,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2455181.770833,"kali_year":5111,"ahargana":1866716.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":239.8115,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":235.799,"rashi":8,"rashi_name":"Vṛścika"},"tithi":{"number":30,"name":"Amāvasyā","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā","elongation_degrees":355.9875,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":7.9875},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":235.799,"elapsed_within_degrees":9.1324},"yoga":{"number":9,"name":"Śūla","sum_longitude":115.6106},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":59,"name":"Nāga"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.681,"elongation":4.012},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.681,"opposition_distance":175.988}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":16,"type":"lunar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":1.039,"opposition_distance":1.922}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:55","sunsetLocal":"18:03","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":11.136590739318358,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 08 Mins 12 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 48 Secs","moonriseLocal":"06:35","moonsetLocal":"17:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:29","end":"13:53","startHours":12.488498052880459,"endHours":13.880571895295253,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:19","end":"09:42","startHours":8.312276525636074,"endHours":9.704350368050868,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:06","end":"12:29","startHours":11.096424210465663,"endHours":12.488498052880459,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:31","end":"09:53","startHours":9.518740522395563,"endHours":9.889960213706175,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:23","end":"07:41","startHours":7.384227297359544,"endHours":7.681203050408033,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:52","startHours":12.117278361569847,"endHours":12.859717744191071,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:26","end":"06:11","startHours":5.435323917978831,"endHours":6.177763300600056,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:00","end":"06:55","startHours":5.9921534549447495,"endHours":6.920202683221279,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:21","end":"15:05","startHours":14.344596509433519,"endHours":15.087035892054743,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:51","end":"18:15","startHours":17.85679342253964,"endHours":18.256793422539637,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:03","end":"18:31","startHours":18.056793422539638,"endHours":18.520818036677902,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:48","end":"19:33","startHours":17.806793422539638,"endHours":19.556793422539638,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:52","startHours":24.11727836156985,"endHours":24.85971774419107,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:55","end":"08:19","startHours":6.920202683221279,"endHours":8.312276525636074,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:19","end":"09:42","startHours":8.312276525636074,"endHours":9.704350368050868,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:42","end":"11:06","startHours":9.704350368050868,"endHours":11.096424210465663,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:06","end":"12:29","startHours":11.096424210465663,"endHours":12.488498052880459,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:29","end":"13:53","startHours":12.488498052880459,"endHours":13.880571895295253,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:53","end":"15:16","startHours":13.880571895295253,"endHours":15.272645737710047,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:16","end":"16:40","startHours":15.272645737710047,"endHours":16.664719580124842,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:40","end":"18:03","startHours":16.664719580124842,"endHours":18.056793422539638,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:03","end":"19:40","startHours":18.056793422539638,"endHours":19.664719580124842,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:40","end":"21:16","startHours":19.664719580124842,"endHours":21.27264573771005,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:16","end":"22:53","startHours":21.27264573771005,"endHours":22.880571895295255,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:53","end":"00:29","startHours":22.880571895295255,"endHours":24.48849805288046,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:29","end":"02:06","startHours":24.48849805288046,"endHours":26.096424210465663,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:06","end":"03:42","startHours":26.096424210465663,"endHours":27.704350368050868,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:42","end":"05:19","startHours":27.704350368050868,"endHours":29.312276525636076,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:19","end":"06:55","startHours":29.312276525636076,"endHours":30.92020268322128,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:55","end":"07:55","startHours":6.920202683221279,"endHours":7.920202683221279,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:55","end":"08:55","startHours":7.920202683221279,"endHours":8.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:55","end":"09:55","startHours":8.92020268322128,"endHours":9.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:55","end":"10:55","startHours":9.92020268322128,"endHours":10.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:55","end":"11:55","startHours":10.92020268322128,"endHours":11.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:55","end":"12:55","startHours":11.92020268322128,"endHours":12.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:55","end":"13:55","startHours":12.92020268322128,"endHours":13.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:55","end":"14:55","startHours":13.92020268322128,"endHours":14.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:55","end":"15:55","startHours":14.92020268322128,"endHours":15.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:55","end":"16:55","startHours":15.92020268322128,"endHours":16.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:55","end":"17:55","startHours":16.92020268322128,"endHours":17.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:55","end":"18:55","startHours":17.92020268322128,"endHours":18.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:55","end":"19:55","startHours":18.92020268322128,"endHours":19.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:55","end":"20:55","startHours":19.92020268322128,"endHours":20.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:55","end":"21:55","startHours":20.92020268322128,"endHours":21.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:55","end":"22:55","startHours":21.92020268322128,"endHours":22.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:55","end":"23:55","startHours":22.92020268322128,"endHours":23.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:55","end":"00:55","startHours":23.92020268322128,"endHours":24.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:55","end":"01:55","startHours":24.92020268322128,"endHours":25.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:55","end":"02:55","startHours":25.92020268322128,"endHours":26.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:55","end":"03:55","startHours":26.92020268322128,"endHours":27.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:55","end":"04:55","startHours":27.92020268322128,"endHours":28.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:55","end":"05:55","startHours":28.92020268322128,"endHours":29.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:55","end":"06:55","startHours":29.92020268322128,"endHours":30.92020268322128,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Dhanu","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North-East","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Kāladaṇḍa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.30960158675112,"eotMinutes":3.716916827172506,"ayanamsa":23.9921}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2066,"vikram_samvatsara":"Śubhakṛt","saka_samvat":1931,"saka_samvatsara":"Virodhi","bengali_samvat":1416,"malayalam_era":1185,"nanakshahi_year":540,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Kārtika","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā · Vikram 2066 Śubhakṛt · Śaka 1931 Virodhi"},"festivals":[{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-20","event":"Karṇa-Vadha (Mahābhārata Day 17)","chart_id":"karna","shared_marker":"same Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā + Jyeṣṭhā","url":"/day/-3137-10-20","relevance":1}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 16, 2009 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 16, 2009 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Amāvasyā, sūryodaya 06:55, sūryāsta 18:03.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2009-12-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2009-12-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2009-12-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2009-12-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2009-12-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T09:51:14.337Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T09:51:14.338Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T09:51:14.338Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}