{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2002-01-26:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2002-01-26","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2002-01-26","date_display":"January 26, 2002 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452300.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863835.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.992,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.7584,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":141.7664,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7664},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":63.7584,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.4251},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":345.7503},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452300.770833,"ahargana":1863835.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8819,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":282.022834,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.05683399999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.1004},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":341.285834,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":285.899134,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":73.55553399999997,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":3},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":284.77123400000005,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":44.20383400000003,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":65.0379,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":245.0379,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2002,"month":1,"day":26,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452300.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863835.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":281.992,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.7584,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":141.7664,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":9.7664},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":63.7584,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.4251},"yoga":{"number":26,"name":"Indra","sum_longitude":345.7503},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.1,"elongation":141.766},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.1,"opposition_distance":38.234}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:05","sunsetLocal":"18:26","solarNoonLocal":"12:46","dayLengthHours":11.341467832100093,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 20 Mins 29 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 39 Mins 31 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:37","moonsetLocal":"04:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:55","end":"11:21","startHours":9.924126132868821,"endHours":11.341809611881335,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:11","end":"15:36","startHours":14.177176569906358,"endHours":15.594860048918868,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.088759174843799,"endHours":8.506442653856311,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:44","end":"10:07","startHours":9.735101669000487,"endHours":10.113150596737157,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:34","end":"07:52","startHours":7.561320334514636,"endHours":7.863759476703971,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:23","end":"13:08","startHours":12.381444163157175,"endHours":13.137542018630514,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:35","end":"06:20","startHours":5.57656346389712,"endHours":6.332661319370459,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:09","end":"07:05","startHours":6.143636855502124,"endHours":7.088759174843799,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:39","end":"15:24","startHours":14.649737729577193,"endHours":15.405835585050532,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:14","end":"18:38","startHours":18.230227006943892,"endHours":18.63022700694389,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:26","end":"18:54","startHours":18.43022700694389,"endHours":18.902788166614727,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:11","end":"19:56","startHours":18.18022700694389,"endHours":19.93022700694389,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:23","end":"01:08","startHours":24.381444163157173,"endHours":25.137542018630516,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"07:05","end":"08:30","startHours":7.088759174843799,"endHours":8.506442653856311,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"08:30","end":"09:55","startHours":8.506442653856311,"endHours":9.924126132868821,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:55","end":"11:21","startHours":9.924126132868821,"endHours":11.341809611881335,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"11:21","end":"12:46","startHours":11.341809611881335,"endHours":12.759493090893844,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:46","end":"14:11","startHours":12.759493090893844,"endHours":14.177176569906358,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:11","end":"15:36","startHours":14.177176569906358,"endHours":15.594860048918868,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:36","end":"17:01","startHours":15.594860048918868,"endHours":17.01254352793138,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:01","end":"18:26","startHours":17.01254352793138,"endHours":18.43022700694389,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:26","end":"20:01","startHours":18.43022700694389,"endHours":20.012543527931378,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:01","end":"21:36","startHours":20.012543527931378,"endHours":21.594860048918868,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:36","end":"23:11","startHours":21.594860048918868,"endHours":23.177176569906358,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:11","end":"00:46","startHours":23.177176569906358,"endHours":24.759493090893844,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:46","end":"02:21","startHours":24.759493090893844,"endHours":26.34180961188133,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"02:21","end":"03:55","startHours":26.34180961188133,"endHours":27.92412613286882,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:55","end":"05:30","startHours":27.92412613286882,"endHours":29.50644265385631,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"05:30","end":"07:05","startHours":29.50644265385631,"endHours":31.088759174843798,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:05","end":"08:05","startHours":7.088759174843799,"endHours":8.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:05","end":"09:05","startHours":8.088759174843798,"endHours":9.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:05","end":"10:05","startHours":9.088759174843798,"endHours":10.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:05","end":"11:05","startHours":10.088759174843798,"endHours":11.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:05","end":"12:05","startHours":11.088759174843798,"endHours":12.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:05","end":"13:05","startHours":12.088759174843798,"endHours":13.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:05","end":"14:05","startHours":13.088759174843798,"endHours":14.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:05","end":"15:05","startHours":14.088759174843798,"endHours":15.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:05","end":"16:05","startHours":15.088759174843798,"endHours":16.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:05","end":"17:05","startHours":16.088759174843798,"endHours":17.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:05","end":"18:05","startHours":17.088759174843798,"endHours":18.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:05","end":"19:05","startHours":18.088759174843798,"endHours":19.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:05","end":"20:05","startHours":19.088759174843798,"endHours":20.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:05","end":"21:05","startHours":20.088759174843798,"endHours":21.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:05","end":"22:05","startHours":21.088759174843798,"endHours":22.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:05","end":"23:05","startHours":22.088759174843798,"endHours":23.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:05","end":"00:05","startHours":23.088759174843798,"endHours":24.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:05","end":"01:05","startHours":24.088759174843798,"endHours":25.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:05","end":"02:05","startHours":25.088759174843798,"endHours":26.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:05","end":"03:05","startHours":26.088759174843798,"endHours":27.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:05","end":"04:05","startHours":27.088759174843798,"endHours":28.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:05","end":"05:05","startHours":28.088759174843798,"endHours":29.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:05","end":"06:05","startHours":29.088759174843798,"endHours":30.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:05","end":"07:05","startHours":30.088759174843798,"endHours":31.088759174843798,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-18.79363832483445,"eotMinutes":-12.542785453630707,"ayanamsa":23.8819}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2059,"vikram_samvatsara":"Manmatha","saka_samvat":1924,"saka_samvatsara":"Citrabhānu","bengali_samvat":1409,"malayalam_era":1178,"nanakshahi_year":533,"lunar_month":"Māgha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Māgha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Makara (Tai)","ritu":"Śiśira (Winter)","display_summary":"Māgha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2059 Manmatha · Śaka 1924 Citrabhānu"},"festivals":[{"id":"makara-sankranti","name":"Makara Saṅkrānti (Uttarāyaṇa)","name_sanskrit":"मकर सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Capricorn; Uttarāyaṇa (north-going) begins. Bhīṣma's chosen mahaprasthāna time.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":1,"sources":["Mahābhārata Bhīṣma-Stuti","Sūrya-Siddhānta"]},{"id":"pongal","name":"Pongal / Thai Pongal","name_sanskrit":"पोङ्गल","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Tamil 4-day harvest festival; coincides with Makara Saṅkrānti.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Makara"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 26, 2002 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 26, 2002 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 07:05, sūryāsta 18:26.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2002-01-26","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2002-01-26","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2002-01-26","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2002-01-26","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2002-01-26"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T00:21:43.590Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T00:21:43.590Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T00:21:43.590Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}