{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:2001-04-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2001-04-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"2001-04-18","date_display":"April 18, 2001 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452017.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863552.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.3275,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":299.2878,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":294.9602,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9602},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":299.2878,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.9544},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":303.6153},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452017.770833,"ahargana":1863552.2708,"kali_year":5103,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8711,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.211747000000003,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":300.158047,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-2.8457},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":242.02114700000004,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":358.123847,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":46.898146999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":337.696847,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":35.733746999999994,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":80.0326,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":260.0326,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":2001,"month":4,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2452017.770833,"kali_year":5103,"ahargana":1863552.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":4.3275,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":299.2878,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":25,"name":"Daśamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Daśamī","elongation_degrees":294.9602,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.9602},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":299.2878,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.9544},"yoga":{"number":23,"name":"Śubha","sum_longitude":303.6153},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":49,"name":"Viṣṭi"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.846,"elongation":65.04},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-2.846,"opposition_distance":114.96}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:16","sunsetLocal":"18:49","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":12.555521174247904,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 33 Mins 20 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 26 Mins 40 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:30","moonsetLocal":"14:02","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:33","end":"14:07","startHours":12.54201528506861,"endHours":14.111455431849597,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:50","end":"09:24","startHours":7.833694844725645,"endHours":9.403134991506633,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:58","end":"12:33","startHours":10.972575138287622,"endHours":12.54201528506861,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:12","end":"09:37","startHours":9.19387630526917,"endHours":9.612393677744098,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:47","end":"07:07","startHours":6.787401413538321,"endHours":7.122215311518265,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:07","end":"12:58","startHours":12.12349791259368,"endHours":12.96053265754354,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:35","end":"05:26","startHours":4.590185208044938,"endHours":5.427219952994798,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:13","end":"06:16","startHours":5.2179612667573325,"endHours":6.264254697944658,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:28","startHours":14.63460214744326,"endHours":15.471636892393121,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:37","end":"19:01","startHours":18.619775872192562,"endHours":19.01977587219256,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:49","end":"19:21","startHours":18.81977587219256,"endHours":19.342922587786223,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:34","end":"20:19","startHours":18.56977587219256,"endHours":20.31977587219256,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:07","end":"00:58","startHours":24.123497912593677,"endHours":24.96053265754354,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:16","end":"07:50","startHours":6.264254697944658,"endHours":7.833694844725645,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:50","end":"09:24","startHours":7.833694844725645,"endHours":9.403134991506633,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:24","end":"10:58","startHours":9.403134991506633,"endHours":10.972575138287622,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:58","end":"12:33","startHours":10.972575138287622,"endHours":12.54201528506861,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:33","end":"14:07","startHours":12.54201528506861,"endHours":14.111455431849597,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:07","end":"15:41","startHours":14.111455431849597,"endHours":15.680895578630587,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:41","end":"17:15","startHours":15.680895578630587,"endHours":17.250335725411574,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:15","end":"18:49","startHours":17.250335725411574,"endHours":18.81977587219256,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:49","end":"20:15","startHours":18.81977587219256,"endHours":20.250335725411574,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:15","end":"21:41","startHours":20.250335725411574,"endHours":21.680895578630587,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:41","end":"23:07","startHours":21.680895578630587,"endHours":23.1114554318496,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:07","end":"00:33","startHours":23.1114554318496,"endHours":24.542015285068608,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:33","end":"01:58","startHours":24.542015285068608,"endHours":25.972575138287624,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:58","end":"03:24","startHours":25.972575138287624,"endHours":27.403134991506633,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:24","end":"04:50","startHours":27.403134991506633,"endHours":28.833694844725645,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:50","end":"06:16","startHours":28.833694844725645,"endHours":30.264254697944658,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:16","end":"07:16","startHours":6.264254697944658,"endHours":7.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:16","end":"08:16","startHours":7.264254697944658,"endHours":8.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:16","end":"09:16","startHours":8.264254697944658,"endHours":9.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:16","end":"10:16","startHours":9.264254697944658,"endHours":10.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:16","end":"11:16","startHours":10.264254697944658,"endHours":11.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:16","end":"12:16","startHours":11.264254697944658,"endHours":12.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:16","end":"13:16","startHours":12.264254697944658,"endHours":13.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:16","end":"14:16","startHours":13.264254697944658,"endHours":14.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:16","end":"15:16","startHours":14.264254697944658,"endHours":15.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:16","end":"16:16","startHours":15.264254697944658,"endHours":16.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:16","end":"17:16","startHours":16.264254697944658,"endHours":17.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:16","end":"18:16","startHours":17.264254697944658,"endHours":18.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:16","end":"19:16","startHours":18.264254697944658,"endHours":19.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:16","end":"20:16","startHours":19.264254697944658,"endHours":20.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:16","end":"21:16","startHours":20.264254697944658,"endHours":21.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:16","end":"22:16","startHours":21.264254697944658,"endHours":22.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:16","end":"23:16","startHours":22.264254697944658,"endHours":23.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:16","end":"00:16","startHours":23.264254697944658,"endHours":24.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:16","end":"01:16","startHours":24.264254697944658,"endHours":25.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:16","end":"02:16","startHours":25.264254697944658,"endHours":26.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:16","end":"03:16","startHours":26.264254697944658,"endHours":27.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:16","end":"04:16","startHours":27.264254697944658,"endHours":28.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:16","end":"05:16","startHours":28.264254697944658,"endHours":29.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:16","end":"06:16","startHours":29.264254697944658,"endHours":30.264254697944658,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvaja","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":10.791271517763976,"eotMinutes":0.5058828958834352,"ayanamsa":23.8711}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2058,"vikram_samvatsara":"Jaya","saka_samvat":1923,"saka_samvatsara":"Vṛṣa","bengali_samvat":1408,"malayalam_era":1177,"nanakshahi_year":532,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Daśamī · Vikram 2058 Jaya · Śaka 1923 Vṛṣa"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 18, 2001 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 18, 2001 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Daśamī, sūryodaya 06:16, sūryāsta 18:49.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2001-04-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2001-04-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2001-04-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2001-04-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/2001-04-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T20:25:18.906Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-16T20:25:18.906Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-16T20:25:18.906Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}