{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1998-04-22:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1998-04-22","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1998-04-22","date_display":"April 22, 1998 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":4,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450925.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862460.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.9996,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":309.1824,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":301.1828,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1828},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":309.1824,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5157},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":317.182},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1998,"month":4,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450925.770833,"ahargana":1862460.2708,"kali_year":5100,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8293,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.891969000000017,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":306.081769,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.6807},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":12.911568999999986,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":346.172069,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":323.90586899999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":323.12726900000007,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":0.5876690000000053,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":137.8921,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":317.8921,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1998,"month":4,"day":22,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450925.770833,"kali_year":5100,"ahargana":1862460.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":7.9996,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":309.1824,"rashi":11,"rashi_name":"Kumbha"},"tithi":{"number":26,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":301.1828,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":1.1828},"nakshatra":{"number":24,"name":"Śatabhiṣā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":309.1824,"elapsed_within_degrees":2.5157},"yoga":{"number":24,"name":"Śukla","sum_longitude":317.182},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":50,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.681,"elongation":58.817},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.681,"opposition_distance":121.183}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:13","sunsetLocal":"18:50","solarNoonLocal":"12:32","dayLengthHours":12.609514246073125,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 36 Mins 34 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 23 Mins 26 Secs","moonriseLocal":"02:36","moonsetLocal":"14:13","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:32","end":"14:06","startHours":12.52712986226081,"endHours":14.103319143019952,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"07:48","end":"09:22","startHours":7.79856201998339,"endHours":9.374751300742531,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"10:57","end":"12:32","startHours":10.950940581501671,"endHours":12.52712986226081,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:10","end":"09:35","startHours":9.164592729974645,"endHours":9.584909871510416,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:05","startHours":6.7477691661439625,"endHours":7.084022879372579,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:06","end":"12:57","startHours":12.10681272072504,"endHours":12.947447003796581,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:32","end":"05:23","startHours":4.541104173081166,"endHours":5.381738456152707,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:10","end":"06:13","startHours":5.171579885384822,"endHours":6.222372739224249,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:28","startHours":14.628715569939665,"endHours":15.469349853011206,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:38","end":"19:02","startHours":18.631886985297374,"endHours":19.031886985297373,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:50","end":"19:21","startHours":18.831886985297373,"endHours":19.357283412217086,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:35","end":"20:20","startHours":18.581886985297373,"endHours":20.331886985297373,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:06","end":"00:57","startHours":24.10681272072504,"endHours":24.947447003796583,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:13","end":"07:48","startHours":6.222372739224249,"endHours":7.79856201998339,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:48","end":"09:22","startHours":7.79856201998339,"endHours":9.374751300742531,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:22","end":"10:57","startHours":9.374751300742531,"endHours":10.950940581501671,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"10:57","end":"12:32","startHours":10.950940581501671,"endHours":12.52712986226081,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:32","end":"14:06","startHours":12.52712986226081,"endHours":14.103319143019952,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"14:06","end":"15:41","startHours":14.103319143019952,"endHours":15.679508423779094,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:41","end":"17:15","startHours":15.679508423779094,"endHours":17.255697704538232,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"17:15","end":"18:50","startHours":17.255697704538232,"endHours":18.831886985297373,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:50","end":"20:15","startHours":18.831886985297373,"endHours":20.255697704538232,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"20:15","end":"21:41","startHours":20.255697704538232,"endHours":21.67950842377909,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:41","end":"23:06","startHours":21.67950842377909,"endHours":23.103319143019952,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"23:06","end":"00:32","startHours":23.103319143019952,"endHours":24.52712986226081,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:32","end":"01:57","startHours":24.52712986226081,"endHours":25.95094058150167,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"01:57","end":"03:22","startHours":25.95094058150167,"endHours":27.37475130074253,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:22","end":"04:48","startHours":27.37475130074253,"endHours":28.79856201998339,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"04:48","end":"06:13","startHours":28.79856201998339,"endHours":30.222372739224248,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:13","end":"07:13","startHours":6.222372739224249,"endHours":7.222372739224249,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:13","end":"08:13","startHours":7.222372739224249,"endHours":8.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:13","end":"09:13","startHours":8.222372739224248,"endHours":9.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:13","end":"10:13","startHours":9.222372739224248,"endHours":10.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:13","end":"11:13","startHours":10.222372739224248,"endHours":11.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:13","end":"12:13","startHours":11.222372739224248,"endHours":12.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:13","end":"13:13","startHours":12.222372739224248,"endHours":13.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:13","end":"14:13","startHours":13.222372739224248,"endHours":14.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:13","end":"15:13","startHours":14.222372739224248,"endHours":15.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:13","end":"16:13","startHours":15.222372739224248,"endHours":16.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:13","end":"17:13","startHours":16.222372739224248,"endHours":17.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:13","end":"18:13","startHours":17.222372739224248,"endHours":18.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:13","end":"19:13","startHours":18.222372739224248,"endHours":19.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:13","end":"20:13","startHours":19.222372739224248,"endHours":20.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:13","end":"21:13","startHours":20.222372739224248,"endHours":21.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:13","end":"22:13","startHours":21.222372739224248,"endHours":22.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:13","end":"23:13","startHours":22.222372739224248,"endHours":23.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:13","end":"00:13","startHours":23.222372739224248,"endHours":24.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:13","end":"01:13","startHours":24.222372739224248,"endHours":25.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:13","end":"02:13","startHours":25.222372739224248,"endHours":26.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:13","end":"03:13","startHours":26.222372739224248,"endHours":27.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:13","end":"04:13","startHours":27.222372739224248,"endHours":28.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:13","end":"05:13","startHours":28.222372739224248,"endHours":29.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:13","end":"06:13","startHours":29.222372739224248,"endHours":30.222372739224248,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Śrīvatsa","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":12.070947279965225,"eotMinutes":1.3990082643513926,"ayanamsa":23.8293}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2055,"vikram_samvatsara":"Khara","saka_samvat":1920,"saka_samvatsara":"Bahudhānya","bengali_samvat":1405,"malayalam_era":1174,"nanakshahi_year":529,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī · Vikram 2055 Khara · Śaka 1920 Bahudhānya"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2},{"id":"varuthini-ekadashi","name":"Varūthinī Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"वरूथिनी एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Vāmana","significance":"Granted to King Mandhātā by Vāmana-deva; brings sound sleep + wealth.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":26,"tithi_paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","lunar_month":"Vaiśākha"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 22, 1998 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 22, 1998 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:13, sūryāsta 18:50.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1998-04-22","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1998-04-22","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1998-04-22","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1998-04-22","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1998-04-22"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T06:11:55.561Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T06:11:55.561Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T06:11:55.561Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}