{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1997-05-10:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1997-05-10","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1997-05-10","date_display":"May 10, 1997 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450578.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862113.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":25.6342,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":66.6077,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":40.9735,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9735},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":66.6077,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2744},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":92.2419},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450578.770833,"ahargana":1862113.2708,"kali_year":5099,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.816,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":25.616327000000013,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":65.490227,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4999},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":143.819727,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":5.740627000000018,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":296.676327,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":35.407127,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":3,"name":"Kṛttikā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":351.264827,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":156.2778,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":336.2778,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1997,"month":5,"day":10,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450578.770833,"kali_year":5099,"ahargana":1862113.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":25.6342,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":66.6077,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":4,"name":"Caturthī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Caturthī","elongation_degrees":40.9735,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9735},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":66.6077,"elapsed_within_degrees":13.2744},"yoga":{"number":7,"name":"Sukarma","sum_longitude":92.2419},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":6,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":1,"name":"Śanivāra (Saturday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.5,"elongation":40.974},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.5,"opposition_distance":139.026}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:04","sunsetLocal":"18:55","solarNoonLocal":"12:29","dayLengthHours":12.850043768079743,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 00 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 09 Mins 00 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:36","moonsetLocal":"21:41","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"09:17","end":"10:53","startHours":9.276658627579174,"endHours":10.882914098589143,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"14:06","end":"15:42","startHours":14.09542504060908,"endHours":15.701680511619045,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"06:04","end":"07:40","startHours":6.064147685559239,"endHours":7.670403156569207,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:04","end":"09:29","startHours":9.062491231444511,"endHours":9.490826023713836,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:36","end":"06:57","startHours":6.599566175895895,"endHours":6.942234009711354,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:04","end":"12:55","startHours":12.060834777329784,"endHours":12.917504361868435,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:21","end":"05:12","startHours":4.35080851648194,"endHours":5.207478101020589,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:00","end":"06:04","startHours":4.993310704885927,"endHours":6.064147685559239,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:29","startHours":14.630843530945732,"endHours":15.487513115484381,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:43","end":"19:07","startHours":18.714191453638982,"endHours":19.11419145363898,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:55","end":"19:27","startHours":18.91419145363898,"endHours":19.449609943975638,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:40","end":"20:25","startHours":18.66419145363898,"endHours":20.41419145363898,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:04","end":"00:55","startHours":24.060834777329784,"endHours":24.917504361868435,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"06:04","end":"07:40","startHours":6.064147685559239,"endHours":7.670403156569207,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"07:40","end":"09:17","startHours":7.670403156569207,"endHours":9.276658627579174,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"09:17","end":"10:53","startHours":9.276658627579174,"endHours":10.882914098589143,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"10:53","end":"12:29","startHours":10.882914098589143,"endHours":12.48916956959911,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"12:29","end":"14:06","startHours":12.48916956959911,"endHours":14.09542504060908,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"14:06","end":"15:42","startHours":14.09542504060908,"endHours":15.701680511619045,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"15:42","end":"17:18","startHours":15.701680511619045,"endHours":17.307935982629015,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"17:18","end":"18:55","startHours":17.307935982629015,"endHours":18.91419145363898,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"18:55","end":"20:18","startHours":18.91419145363898,"endHours":20.30793598262901,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"20:18","end":"21:42","startHours":20.30793598262901,"endHours":21.701680511619045,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"21:42","end":"23:06","startHours":21.701680511619045,"endHours":23.09542504060908,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"23:06","end":"00:29","startHours":23.09542504060908,"endHours":24.48916956959911,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"00:29","end":"01:53","startHours":24.48916956959911,"endHours":25.88291409858914,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"01:53","end":"03:17","startHours":25.88291409858914,"endHours":27.276658627579174,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"03:17","end":"04:40","startHours":27.276658627579174,"endHours":28.670403156569208,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"04:40","end":"06:04","startHours":28.670403156569208,"endHours":30.064147685559238,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:04","end":"07:04","startHours":6.064147685559239,"endHours":7.064147685559239,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:04","end":"08:04","startHours":7.064147685559239,"endHours":8.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:04","end":"09:04","startHours":8.064147685559238,"endHours":9.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:04","end":"10:04","startHours":9.064147685559238,"endHours":10.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:04","end":"11:04","startHours":10.064147685559238,"endHours":11.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:04","end":"12:04","startHours":11.064147685559238,"endHours":12.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:04","end":"13:04","startHours":12.064147685559238,"endHours":13.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:04","end":"14:04","startHours":13.064147685559238,"endHours":14.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:04","end":"15:04","startHours":14.064147685559238,"endHours":15.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:04","end":"16:04","startHours":15.064147685559238,"endHours":16.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:04","end":"17:04","startHours":16.064147685559238,"endHours":17.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:04","end":"18:04","startHours":17.064147685559238,"endHours":18.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:04","end":"19:04","startHours":18.064147685559238,"endHours":19.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:04","end":"20:04","startHours":19.064147685559238,"endHours":20.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:04","end":"21:04","startHours":20.064147685559238,"endHours":21.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:04","end":"22:04","startHours":21.064147685559238,"endHours":22.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:04","end":"23:04","startHours":22.064147685559238,"endHours":23.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:04","end":"00:04","startHours":23.064147685559238,"endHours":24.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:04","end":"01:04","startHours":24.064147685559238,"endHours":25.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:04","end":"02:04","startHours":25.064147685559238,"endHours":26.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:04","end":"03:04","startHours":26.064147685559238,"endHours":27.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:04","end":"04:04","startHours":27.064147685559238,"endHours":28.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:04","end":"05:04","startHours":28.064147685559238,"endHours":29.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:04","end":"06:04","startHours":29.064147685559238,"endHours":30.064147685559238,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":17.585751274158017,"eotMinutes":3.6766258240534686,"ayanamsa":23.816}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2054,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vikṛti","saka_samvat":1919,"saka_samvatsara":"Īśvara","bengali_samvat":1404,"malayalam_era":1173,"nanakshahi_year":528,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Caturthī · Vikram 2054 Vikṛti · Śaka 1919 Īśvara"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2},{"id":"vinayaka-chaturthi","name":"Vināyaka Caturthī (monthly)","name_sanskrit":"विनायक चतुर्थी","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Gaṇeśa","significance":"Monthly Śukla-pakṣa Caturthī; auspicious for new ventures.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":4,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla"},"precedence":6}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"shani-walk","name":"Śani Walk","name_sanskrit":"शनि यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Tapas + endurance + BG 17.14-19.","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/shani-walk"},"reason":"Śanivāra (Saturday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga May 10, 1997 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"May 10, 1997 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Caturthī, sūryodaya 06:04, sūryāsta 18:55.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1997-05-10","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1997-05-10","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1997-05-10","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1997-05-10","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1997-05-10"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T00:32:10.526Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T00:32:10.526Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T00:32:10.526Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}