{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1996-12-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-12-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1996-12-18","date_display":"December 18, 1996 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450435.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861970.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":242.2378,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":338.4549,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":96.2171,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2171},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":338.4549,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1215},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":220.6927},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1996,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450435.770833,"ahargana":1861970.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8106,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":242.587491,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":340.811291,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.423},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":150.19829099999998,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":262.963291,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":268.24749099999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":217.24389100000008,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":17,"name":"Anurādhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":336.972191,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":163.8546,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":343.8546,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":12,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450435.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861970.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":242.2378,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":338.4549,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":9,"name":"Navamī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Navamī","elongation_degrees":96.2171,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":0.2171},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2,"moon_longitude":338.4549,"elapsed_within_degrees":5.1215},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":220.6927},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":16,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":5,"name":"Budhavāra (Wednesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.423,"elongation":96.217},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.423,"opposition_distance":83.783}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:56","sunsetLocal":"18:04","solarNoonLocal":"12:30","dayLengthHours":11.132946106653653,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 07 Mins 59 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 52 Mins 01 Secs","moonriseLocal":"12:58","moonsetLocal":"01:08","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"12:30","end":"13:54","startHours":12.503984544197646,"endHours":13.895602807529354,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"08:20","end":"09:43","startHours":8.329129754202526,"endHours":9.720748017534234,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"11:07","end":"12:30","startHours":11.11236628086594,"endHours":12.503984544197646,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:32","end":"09:54","startHours":9.535198915756673,"endHours":9.906297119311795,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:24","end":"07:42","startHours":7.4013842453147225,"endHours":7.69826280815882,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:53","startHours":12.132886340642525,"endHours":12.875082747752767,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:27","end":"06:12","startHours":5.453118676650333,"endHours":6.195315083760576,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:01","end":"06:56","startHours":6.009765981983016,"endHours":6.93751149087082,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:22","end":"15:06","startHours":14.359475561973255,"endHours":15.1016719690835,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:52","end":"18:16","startHours":17.870457597524474,"endHours":18.270457597524473,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:04","end":"18:32","startHours":18.070457597524474,"endHours":18.534330351968375,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:49","end":"19:34","startHours":17.820457597524474,"endHours":19.570457597524474,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:53","startHours":24.132886340642525,"endHours":24.875082747752767,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Labha","start":"06:56","end":"08:20","startHours":6.93751149087082,"endHours":8.329129754202526,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"08:20","end":"09:43","startHours":8.329129754202526,"endHours":9.720748017534234,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"09:43","end":"11:07","startHours":9.720748017534234,"endHours":11.11236628086594,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"11:07","end":"12:30","startHours":11.11236628086594,"endHours":12.503984544197646,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"12:30","end":"13:54","startHours":12.503984544197646,"endHours":13.895602807529354,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"13:54","end":"15:17","startHours":13.895602807529354,"endHours":15.28722107086106,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"15:17","end":"16:41","startHours":15.28722107086106,"endHours":16.678839334192766,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"16:41","end":"18:04","startHours":16.678839334192766,"endHours":18.070457597524474,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"18:04","end":"19:41","startHours":18.070457597524474,"endHours":19.678839334192766,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"19:41","end":"21:17","startHours":19.678839334192766,"endHours":21.28722107086106,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"21:17","end":"22:54","startHours":21.28722107086106,"endHours":22.895602807529354,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"22:54","end":"00:30","startHours":22.895602807529354,"endHours":24.503984544197646,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"00:30","end":"02:07","startHours":24.503984544197646,"endHours":26.112366280865942,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"02:07","end":"03:43","startHours":26.112366280865942,"endHours":27.720748017534234,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"03:43","end":"05:20","startHours":27.720748017534234,"endHours":29.329129754202526,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"05:20","end":"06:56","startHours":29.329129754202526,"endHours":30.93751149087082,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:56","end":"07:56","startHours":6.93751149087082,"endHours":7.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:56","end":"08:56","startHours":7.93751149087082,"endHours":8.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:56","end":"09:56","startHours":8.93751149087082,"endHours":9.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:56","end":"10:56","startHours":9.93751149087082,"endHours":10.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:56","end":"11:56","startHours":10.93751149087082,"endHours":11.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:56","end":"12:56","startHours":11.93751149087082,"endHours":12.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:56","end":"13:56","startHours":12.93751149087082,"endHours":13.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:56","end":"14:56","startHours":13.93751149087082,"endHours":14.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:56","end":"15:56","startHours":14.93751149087082,"endHours":15.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:56","end":"16:56","startHours":15.93751149087082,"endHours":16.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:56","end":"17:56","startHours":16.93751149087082,"endHours":17.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:56","end":"18:56","startHours":17.93751149087082,"endHours":18.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:56","end":"19:56","startHours":18.93751149087082,"endHours":19.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:56","end":"20:56","startHours":19.93751149087082,"endHours":20.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:56","end":"21:56","startHours":20.93751149087082,"endHours":21.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:56","end":"22:56","startHours":21.93751149087082,"endHours":22.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:56","end":"23:56","startHours":22.93751149087082,"endHours":23.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:56","end":"00:56","startHours":23.93751149087082,"endHours":24.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:56","end":"01:56","startHours":24.93751149087082,"endHours":25.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:56","end":"02:56","startHours":25.93751149087082,"endHours":26.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:56","end":"03:56","startHours":26.93751149087082,"endHours":27.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:56","end":"04:56","startHours":27.93751149087082,"endHours":28.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:56","end":"05:56","startHours":28.93751149087082,"endHours":29.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:56","end":"06:56","startHours":29.93751149087082,"endHours":30.93751149087082,"planetary_lord":"Sun"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"South-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mudgara","quality":"Inauspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-23.387446097422266,"eotMinutes":2.787727348141232,"ayanamsa":23.8106}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2053,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhi","saka_samvat":1918,"saka_samvatsara":"Dhātṛ","bengali_samvat":1403,"malayalam_era":1172,"nanakshahi_year":527,"lunar_month":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_amanta":"Mārgaśīrṣa","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Mārgaśīrṣa Śukla Navamī · Vikram 2053 Virodhi · Śaka 1918 Dhātṛ"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"budha-walk","name":"Budha Walk","name_sanskrit":"बुध यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Discrimination + BG 2.41 (vyavasāyātmikā buddhi).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/budha-walk"},"reason":"Budhavāra (Wednesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-1626101-04-03","event":"Bhagavān Rāma's birth at Ayodhyā","chart_id":"rama","shared_marker":"same Śukla Navamī","url":"/day/-1626101-04-03","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga December 18, 1996 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"December 18, 1996 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Navamī, sūryodaya 06:56, sūryāsta 18:04.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-12-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-12-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-12-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-12-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-12-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:22:42.484Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-31T17:22:42.484Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-31T17:22:42.484Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}