{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1996-07-30:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-30","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1996-07-30","date_display":"July 30, 1996 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450294.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861829.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.8388,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.1863,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":174.3476,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.3476},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.1863,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5197},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":20.0251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1996,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450294.770833,"ahargana":1861829.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8052,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":103.356878,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.502878,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":4.3283},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":69.13387799999998,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":6,"name":"Ārdrā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":121.88057800000001,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":255.987478,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":59.644578000000024,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":343.453278,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":171.3255,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":351.3255,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":7,"day":30,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450294.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861829.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":102.8388,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":277.1863,"rashi":10,"rashi_name":"Makara"},"tithi":{"number":15,"name":"Pūrṇimā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Pūrṇimā","elongation_degrees":174.3476,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":6.3476},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":277.1863,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.5197},"yoga":{"number":2,"name":"Prīti","sum_longitude":20.0251},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":29,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.328,"elongation":174.348},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":4.328,"opposition_distance":5.652}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:12","sunsetLocal":"19:06","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":12.890478295999877,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 53 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 06 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:38","moonsetLocal":"05:53","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:52","end":"17:29","startHours":15.874977669279641,"endHours":17.486287456279623,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:26","end":"11:02","startHours":9.429738521279702,"endHours":11.041048308279686,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.65235809527967,"endHours":14.263667882279655,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:39","startHours":9.21489721634637,"endHours":9.644579826213032,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:45","end":"07:05","startHours":6.744222209613061,"endHours":7.087968297506391,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:05","startHours":12.222675485413008,"endHours":13.082040705146332,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:29","end":"05:21","startHours":4.488388507813082,"endHours":5.347753727546407,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:08","end":"06:12","startHours":5.132912422613076,"endHours":6.207118947279732,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:48","end":"15:40","startHours":14.800771144612984,"endHours":15.66013636434631,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:54","end":"19:18","startHours":18.89759724327961,"endHours":19.297597243279608,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:06","end":"19:38","startHours":19.09759724327961,"endHours":19.634700505612937,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:51","end":"20:36","startHours":18.84759724327961,"endHours":20.59759724327961,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:05","startHours":24.222675485413006,"endHours":25.082040705146333,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"06:12","end":"07:49","startHours":6.207118947279732,"endHours":7.818428734279717,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:49","end":"09:26","startHours":7.818428734279717,"endHours":9.429738521279702,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:26","end":"11:02","startHours":9.429738521279702,"endHours":11.041048308279686,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"11:02","end":"12:39","startHours":11.041048308279686,"endHours":12.65235809527967,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.65235809527967,"endHours":14.263667882279655,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:52","startHours":14.263667882279655,"endHours":15.874977669279641,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:52","end":"17:29","startHours":15.874977669279641,"endHours":17.486287456279623,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:29","end":"19:06","startHours":17.486287456279623,"endHours":19.09759724327961,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:06","end":"20:29","startHours":19.09759724327961,"endHours":20.486287456279623,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:29","end":"21:52","startHours":20.486287456279623,"endHours":21.874977669279637,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:52","end":"23:16","startHours":21.874977669279637,"endHours":23.263667882279655,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:16","end":"00:39","startHours":23.263667882279655,"endHours":24.65235809527967,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:39","end":"02:02","startHours":24.65235809527967,"endHours":26.041048308279684,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"02:02","end":"03:26","startHours":26.041048308279684,"endHours":27.429738521279702,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:26","end":"04:49","startHours":27.429738521279702,"endHours":28.818428734279717,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:49","end":"06:12","startHours":28.818428734279717,"endHours":30.20711894727973,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:12","end":"07:12","startHours":6.207118947279732,"endHours":7.207118947279732,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:12","end":"08:12","startHours":7.207118947279732,"endHours":8.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:12","end":"09:12","startHours":8.207118947279731,"endHours":9.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:12","end":"10:12","startHours":9.207118947279731,"endHours":10.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:12","end":"11:12","startHours":10.207118947279731,"endHours":11.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:12","end":"12:12","startHours":11.207118947279731,"endHours":12.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:12","end":"13:12","startHours":12.207118947279731,"endHours":13.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:12","end":"14:12","startHours":13.207118947279731,"endHours":14.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:12","end":"15:12","startHours":14.207118947279731,"endHours":15.207118947279731,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:12","end":"16:12","startHours":15.207118947279731,"endHours":16.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:12","end":"17:12","startHours":16.20711894727973,"endHours":17.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:12","end":"18:12","startHours":17.20711894727973,"endHours":18.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:12","end":"19:12","startHours":18.20711894727973,"endHours":19.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:12","end":"20:12","startHours":19.20711894727973,"endHours":20.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:12","end":"21:12","startHours":20.20711894727973,"endHours":21.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:12","end":"22:12","startHours":21.20711894727973,"endHours":22.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:12","end":"23:12","startHours":22.20711894727973,"endHours":23.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:12","end":"00:12","startHours":23.20711894727973,"endHours":24.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:12","end":"01:12","startHours":24.20711894727973,"endHours":25.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:12","end":"02:12","startHours":25.20711894727973,"endHours":26.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:12","end":"03:12","startHours":26.20711894727973,"endHours":27.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:12","end":"04:12","startHours":27.20711894727973,"endHours":28.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:12","end":"05:12","startHours":28.20711894727973,"endHours":29.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:12","end":"06:12","startHours":29.20711894727973,"endHours":30.20711894727973,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"South-East","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Ānanda","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":18.479473406351694,"eotMinutes":-6.1146857167802535,"ayanamsa":23.8052}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2053,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhi","saka_samvat":1918,"saka_samvatsara":"Dhātṛ","bengali_samvat":1403,"malayalam_era":1172,"nanakshahi_year":527,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pūrṇimā · Vikram 2053 Virodhi · Śaka 1918 Dhātṛ"},"festivals":[{"id":"raksha-bandhana","name":"Rakṣā Bandhana / Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā","name_sanskrit":"रक्षा बन्धन","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sister-brother bond; Brāhmaṇa Upākarma.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2},{"id":"jhulan-purnima","name":"Jhūlan Pūrṇimā (Rādhā-Krishna swing)","name_sanskrit":"झूलन पूर्णिमा","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Rādhā-Krishna","significance":"Rādhā-Krishna swing-līlā festival; Jhūlan-yātrā culmination.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-rigveda","name":"Ṛg-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"ऋग्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","associated_deity":"Ṛṣi-paramparā","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Ṛg-Vedīs. Śrāvaṇa Pūrṇimā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"upakarman-yajurveda","name":"Yajur-Veda Upākarman","name_sanskrit":"यजुर्वेद उपाकर्मन्","tradition":"Smarta","significance":"Annual renewal of Veda-svādhyāya for Yajur-Vedīs.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":3},{"id":"hayagriva-jayanti","name":"Hayagrīva Jayantī","name_sanskrit":"हयग्रीव जयन्ती","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Hayagrīva (Knowledge-form of Bhagavān)","significance":"Bhagavān as Hayagrīva restored the Vedas to Brahmā. Vidyā-pradāyaka.","vrata":false,"detection":{"tithi_number":15,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa"},"precedence":4,"sources":["Devī-Bhāgavata, Hayagrīva-stotra"]}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[{"historical_date":"-3137-10-04","event":"Mahābhārata Day 1 (Bhagavad Gītā delivered)","chart_id":"krishna","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-3137-10-04","relevance":0.5},{"historical_date":"-0562-04-11","event":"Bhagavān Buddha's birth at Lumbinī","chart_id":"buddha","shared_marker":"same Śukla Pūrṇimā","url":"/day/-0562-04-11","relevance":0.5}]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 30, 1996 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 30, 1996 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Pūrṇimā, sūryodaya 06:12, sūryāsta 19:06.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-30","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-30","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-30","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-30","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-30"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T23:28:39.939Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-19T23:28:39.939Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-19T23:28:39.939Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}