{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1996-07-18:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-18","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1996-07-18","date_display":"July 18, 1996 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":7,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450282.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861817.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":91.453,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":120.0395,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":28.5865,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5865},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":120.0395,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0395},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":211.4924},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1996,"month":7,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450282.770833,"ahargana":1861817.2708,"kali_year":5098,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.8047,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":91.89603699999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":7,"name":"Punarvasu","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":117.73433699999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.5409},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":61.024636999999984,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":99.59213699999998,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":257.32813699999997,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":52.153936999999985,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":343.562437,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":171.9613,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":351.9613,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":7,"day":18,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450282.770833,"kali_year":5098,"ahargana":1861817.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":91.453,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":120.0395,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":3,"name":"Tṛtīyā","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Tṛtīyā","elongation_degrees":28.5865,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.5865},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":120.0395,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.0395},"yoga":{"number":16,"name":"Siddhi","sum_longitude":211.4924},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":4,"name":"Taitila"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.541,"elongation":28.586},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.541,"opposition_distance":151.414}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:09","sunsetLocal":"19:09","solarNoonLocal":"12:39","dayLengthHours":13.00724453529898,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 00 Mins 26 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 59 Mins 34 Secs","moonriseLocal":"08:02","moonsetLocal":"20:42","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:16","end":"15:54","startHours":14.273950835587524,"endHours":15.899856402499896,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:09","end":"07:46","startHours":6.144423001025662,"endHours":7.7703285679380345,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:24","end":"11:01","startHours":9.396234134850406,"endHours":11.022139701762779,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:37","startHours":9.179446725928758,"endHours":9.613021543772057,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:41","end":"07:02","startHours":6.686391523329786,"endHours":7.033251377604426,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:13","end":"13:05","startHours":12.214470450831852,"endHours":13.08162008651845,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:25","end":"05:17","startHours":4.410123729652465,"endHours":5.277273365339063,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:04","end":"06:09","startHours":5.060485956417414,"endHours":6.144423001025662,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:49","end":"15:41","startHours":14.815919357891648,"endHours":15.683068993578246,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:57","end":"19:21","startHours":18.951667536324642,"endHours":19.35166753632464,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:09","end":"19:42","startHours":19.15166753632464,"endHours":19.693636058628766,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:54","end":"20:39","startHours":18.90166753632464,"endHours":20.65166753632464,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:13","end":"01:05","startHours":24.21447045083185,"endHours":25.081620086518452,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:09","end":"07:46","startHours":6.144423001025662,"endHours":7.7703285679380345,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:46","end":"09:24","startHours":7.7703285679380345,"endHours":9.396234134850406,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:24","end":"11:01","startHours":9.396234134850406,"endHours":11.022139701762779,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"11:01","end":"12:39","startHours":11.022139701762779,"endHours":12.648045268675151,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:39","end":"14:16","startHours":12.648045268675151,"endHours":14.273950835587524,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:16","end":"15:54","startHours":14.273950835587524,"endHours":15.899856402499896,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:54","end":"17:32","startHours":15.899856402499896,"endHours":17.52576196941227,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:32","end":"19:09","startHours":17.52576196941227,"endHours":19.15166753632464,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"19:09","end":"20:32","startHours":19.15166753632464,"endHours":20.52576196941227,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:32","end":"21:54","startHours":20.52576196941227,"endHours":21.899856402499896,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:54","end":"23:16","startHours":21.899856402499896,"endHours":23.273950835587524,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:16","end":"00:39","startHours":23.273950835587524,"endHours":24.64804526867515,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:39","end":"02:01","startHours":24.64804526867515,"endHours":26.02213970176278,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"02:01","end":"03:24","startHours":26.02213970176278,"endHours":27.396234134850406,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:24","end":"04:46","startHours":27.396234134850406,"endHours":28.770328567938034,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:46","end":"06:09","startHours":28.770328567938034,"endHours":30.14442300102566,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:09","end":"07:09","startHours":6.144423001025662,"endHours":7.144423001025662,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:09","end":"08:09","startHours":7.144423001025662,"endHours":8.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:09","end":"09:09","startHours":8.144423001025661,"endHours":9.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:09","end":"10:09","startHours":9.144423001025661,"endHours":10.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:09","end":"11:09","startHours":10.144423001025661,"endHours":11.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:09","end":"12:09","startHours":11.144423001025661,"endHours":12.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:09","end":"13:09","startHours":12.144423001025661,"endHours":13.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:09","end":"14:09","startHours":13.144423001025661,"endHours":14.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:09","end":"15:09","startHours":14.144423001025661,"endHours":15.144423001025661,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:09","end":"16:09","startHours":15.144423001025661,"endHours":16.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:09","end":"17:09","startHours":16.14442300102566,"endHours":17.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:09","end":"18:09","startHours":17.14442300102566,"endHours":18.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:09","end":"19:09","startHours":18.14442300102566,"endHours":19.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:09","end":"20:09","startHours":19.14442300102566,"endHours":20.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:09","end":"21:09","startHours":20.14442300102566,"endHours":21.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:09","end":"22:09","startHours":21.14442300102566,"endHours":22.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:09","end":"23:09","startHours":22.14442300102566,"endHours":23.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:09","end":"00:09","startHours":23.14442300102566,"endHours":24.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:09","end":"01:09","startHours":24.14442300102566,"endHours":25.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:09","end":"02:09","startHours":25.14442300102566,"endHours":26.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:09","end":"03:09","startHours":26.14442300102566,"endHours":27.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:09","end":"04:09","startHours":27.14442300102566,"endHours":28.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:09","end":"05:09","startHours":28.14442300102566,"endHours":29.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:09","end":"06:09","startHours":29.14442300102566,"endHours":30.14442300102566,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","vedicRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","drikAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":21.001068687577277,"eotMinutes":-5.85591612050904,"ayanamsa":23.8047}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2053,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhi","saka_samvat":1918,"saka_samvatsara":"Dhātṛ","bengali_samvat":1403,"malayalam_era":1172,"nanakshahi_year":527,"lunar_month":"Śrāvaṇa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Karkaṭa (Āḍi)","ritu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","display_summary":"Śrāvaṇa Śukla Tṛtīyā · Vikram 2053 Virodhi · Śaka 1918 Dhātṛ"},"festivals":[{"id":"karka-sankranti","name":"Karka Saṅkrānti (Dakṣiṇāyana)","name_sanskrit":"कर्क सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Cancer; Dakṣiṇāyana (south-going) begins. Devatā-rātri begins.","vrata":true,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Karka"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga July 18, 1996 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"July 18, 1996 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Tṛtīyā, sūryodaya 06:09, sūryāsta 19:09.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-18","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-18","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-18","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-18","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-07-18"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T14:06:54.465Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T14:06:54.465Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T14:06:54.465Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}