{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1996-01-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-01-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1996-01-01","date_display":"January 1, 1996 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450083.770833,"kali_year":5097,"ahargana":1861618.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.8625,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":20.8549,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":124.9924,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9924},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":20.8549,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.5216},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":276.7174},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1996,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450083.770833,"ahargana":1861618.2708,"kali_year":5097,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.7971,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":256.09154,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":20,"name":"Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":23.31734,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-1.4154},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":270.43994,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":275.5472400000001,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":21,"name":"Uttara Āṣāḍhā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":245.83773999999994,"rashi":{"number":9,"name":"Dhanu"},"nakshatra":{"number":19,"name":"Mūla","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":288.92114000000004,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":325.59644000000003,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":182.5053,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":2.5053,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1996,"month":1,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2450083.770833,"kali_year":5097,"ahargana":1861618.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":255.8625,"rashi":9,"rashi_name":"Dhanu"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":20.8549,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":124.9924,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.9924},"nakshatra":{"number":2,"name":"Bharaṇī","pada":3,"moon_longitude":20.8549,"elapsed_within_degrees":7.5216},"yoga":{"number":21,"name":"Siddha","sum_longitude":276.7174},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.415,"elongation":124.992},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-1.415,"opposition_distance":55.008}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"07:02","sunsetLocal":"18:11","solarNoonLocal":"12:37","dayLengthHours":11.14787504389804,"dayLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 08 Mins 52 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 51 Mins 08 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:42","moonsetLocal":"03:29","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:26","end":"09:50","startHours":8.431746497261503,"endHours":9.825230877748758,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:13","end":"12:37","startHours":11.218715258236013,"endHours":12.612199638723268,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:00","end":"15:24","startHours":14.005684019210523,"endHours":15.399168399697778,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:38","end":"10:01","startHours":9.639432960350458,"endHours":10.01102879514706,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:30","end":"07:48","startHours":7.502756910270001,"endHours":7.800033578107282,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:14","end":"12:59","startHours":12.240603803926668,"endHours":12.98379547351987,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:33","end":"06:18","startHours":5.551878777587844,"endHours":6.295070447181047,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"06:07","end":"07:02","startHours":6.109272529782746,"endHours":7.038262116774249,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:28","end":"15:13","startHours":14.470178812706276,"endHours":15.21337048229948,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"17:59","end":"18:23","startHours":17.98613716067229,"endHours":18.386137160672288,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:11","end":"18:39","startHours":18.18613716067229,"endHours":18.65063195416804,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"17:56","end":"19:41","startHours":17.93613716067229,"endHours":19.68613716067229,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:14","end":"00:59","startHours":24.240603803926668,"endHours":24.98379547351987,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"07:02","end":"08:26","startHours":7.038262116774249,"endHours":8.431746497261503,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:26","end":"09:50","startHours":8.431746497261503,"endHours":9.825230877748758,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:50","end":"11:13","startHours":9.825230877748758,"endHours":11.218715258236013,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:13","end":"12:37","startHours":11.218715258236013,"endHours":12.612199638723268,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:37","end":"14:00","startHours":12.612199638723268,"endHours":14.005684019210523,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:00","end":"15:24","startHours":14.005684019210523,"endHours":15.399168399697778,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:24","end":"16:48","startHours":15.399168399697778,"endHours":16.792652780185033,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"16:48","end":"18:11","startHours":16.792652780185033,"endHours":18.18613716067229,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:11","end":"19:48","startHours":18.18613716067229,"endHours":19.792652780185033,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"19:48","end":"21:24","startHours":19.792652780185033,"endHours":21.39916839969778,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:24","end":"23:00","startHours":21.39916839969778,"endHours":23.005684019210523,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:00","end":"00:37","startHours":23.005684019210523,"endHours":24.61219963872327,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:37","end":"02:13","startHours":24.61219963872327,"endHours":26.218715258236013,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:13","end":"03:50","startHours":26.218715258236013,"endHours":27.82523087774876,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:50","end":"05:26","startHours":27.82523087774876,"endHours":29.431746497261503,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:26","end":"07:02","startHours":29.431746497261503,"endHours":31.03826211677425,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"07:02","end":"08:02","startHours":7.038262116774249,"endHours":8.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"08:02","end":"09:02","startHours":8.038262116774249,"endHours":9.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"09:02","end":"10:02","startHours":9.038262116774249,"endHours":10.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"10:02","end":"11:02","startHours":10.038262116774249,"endHours":11.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"11:02","end":"12:02","startHours":11.038262116774249,"endHours":12.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"12:02","end":"13:02","startHours":12.038262116774249,"endHours":13.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"13:02","end":"14:02","startHours":13.038262116774249,"endHours":14.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"14:02","end":"15:02","startHours":14.038262116774249,"endHours":15.038262116774249,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"15:02","end":"16:02","startHours":15.038262116774249,"endHours":16.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"16:02","end":"17:02","startHours":16.03826211677425,"endHours":17.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"17:02","end":"18:02","startHours":17.03826211677425,"endHours":18.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"18:02","end":"19:02","startHours":18.03826211677425,"endHours":19.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"19:02","end":"20:02","startHours":19.03826211677425,"endHours":20.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"20:02","end":"21:02","startHours":20.03826211677425,"endHours":21.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"21:02","end":"22:02","startHours":21.03826211677425,"endHours":22.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"22:02","end":"23:02","startHours":22.03826211677425,"endHours":23.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"23:02","end":"00:02","startHours":23.03826211677425,"endHours":24.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"00:02","end":"01:02","startHours":24.03826211677425,"endHours":25.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"01:02","end":"02:02","startHours":25.03826211677425,"endHours":26.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"02:02","end":"03:02","startHours":26.03826211677425,"endHours":27.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"03:02","end":"04:02","startHours":27.03826211677425,"endHours":28.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"04:02","end":"05:02","startHours":28.03826211677425,"endHours":29.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"05:02","end":"06:02","startHours":29.03826211677425,"endHours":30.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"06:02","end":"07:02","startHours":30.03826211677425,"endHours":31.03826211677425,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"East","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Dhvānkṣa","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-23.068011017824475,"eotMinutes":-3.705178323396069,"ayanamsa":23.7971}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2053,"vikram_samvatsara":"Virodhi","saka_samvat":1918,"saka_samvatsara":"Dhātṛ","bengali_samvat":1403,"malayalam_era":1172,"nanakshahi_year":527,"lunar_month":"Pauṣa","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Pauṣa Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Dhanus (Mārgaḻi)","ritu":"Hemanta (Pre-winter)","display_summary":"Pauṣa Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2053 Virodhi · Śaka 1918 Dhātṛ"},"festivals":[{"id":"putrada-ekadashi","name":"Pauṣa Putradā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"पौष पुत्रदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Ekādaśī granting putra-prāpti.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Pauṣa"},"precedence":4},{"id":"lohri","name":"Lohri","name_sanskrit":"लोहड़ी","tradition":"Regional","significance":"Punjab harvest festival; eve of Makara Saṅkrānti. (Approximated as 13/14 January annually; correct via Sun in Dhanu/Makara cusp.)","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"dhanu-sankranti","name":"Dhanu Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"धनु सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Sagittarius; Dhanu-māsa (Khara-māsa).","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Dhanu"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga January 1, 1996 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"January 1, 1996 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 07:02, sūryāsta 18:11.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-01-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-01-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-01-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-01-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1996-01-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T01:37:57.870Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T01:37:57.870Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T01:37:57.870Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}