{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1993-06-01:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1993-06-01","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1993-06-01","date_display":"June 1, 1993 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":6,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449139.770833,"kali_year":5095,"ahargana":1860674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.6965,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.1811,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":135.4845,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4845},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.1811,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8477},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.8776},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1993,"month":6,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449139.770833,"ahargana":1860674.2708,"kali_year":5095,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.761,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.807908,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":180.67280800000003,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-3.4629},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":113.78560800000002,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Aśleṣā","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":64.398008,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":160.90970800000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":1.449007999999992,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":306.41590799999994,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":232.5229,"rashi":{"number":8,"name":"Vṛścika"},"nakshatra":{"number":18,"name":"Jyeṣṭhā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":52.5229,"rashi":{"number":2,"name":"Vṛṣabha"},"nakshatra":{"number":4,"name":"Rohiṇī","pada":4},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1993,"month":6,"day":1,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2449139.770833,"kali_year":5095,"ahargana":1860674.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":46.6965,"rashi":2,"rashi_name":"Vṛṣabha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":182.1811,"rashi":7,"rashi_name":"Tulā"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":135.4845,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.4845},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":3,"moon_longitude":182.1811,"elapsed_within_degrees":8.8477},"yoga":{"number":18,"name":"Varīyān","sum_longitude":228.8776},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":22,"name":"Bava"},"vara":{"number":4,"name":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.463,"elongation":135.485},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-3.463,"opposition_distance":44.515}},"eclipse_window_40days":[{"offset_days":19,"type":"solar","occurs":true,"moon_latitude":-0.93,"elongation":1.272}]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"05:59","sunsetLocal":"19:02","solarNoonLocal":"12:31","dayLengthHours":13.05610522722759,"dayLengthDisplay":"13 Hours 03 Mins 22 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"10 Hours 56 Mins 38 Secs","moonriseLocal":"15:35","moonsetLocal":"03:17","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"15:47","end":"17:24","startHours":15.775218506125263,"endHours":17.407231659528712,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"09:15","end":"10:53","startHours":9.247165892511468,"endHours":10.879179045914917,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"12:31","end":"14:09","startHours":12.511192199318366,"endHours":14.143205352721814,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:02","end":"09:28","startHours":9.029564138724341,"endHours":9.464767646298593,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:32","end":"06:53","startHours":6.527143970172386,"endHours":6.875306776231788,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:05","end":"12:57","startHours":12.075988691744113,"endHours":12.946395706892618,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:15","end":"05:07","startHours":4.242325555407557,"endHours":5.112732570556064,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"04:54","end":"05:59","startHours":4.895130816768937,"endHours":5.98313958570457,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:41","end":"15:33","startHours":14.68720973718963,"endHours":15.557616752338136,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:50","end":"19:14","startHours":18.83924481293216,"endHours":19.23924481293216,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"19:02","end":"19:35","startHours":19.03924481293216,"endHours":19.583249197399976,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:47","end":"20:32","startHours":18.78924481293216,"endHours":20.53924481293216,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:05","end":"00:57","startHours":24.07598869174411,"endHours":24.94639570689262,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Roga","start":"05:59","end":"07:37","startHours":5.98313958570457,"endHours":7.6151527391080185,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"07:37","end":"09:15","startHours":7.6151527391080185,"endHours":9.247165892511468,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"09:15","end":"10:53","startHours":9.247165892511468,"endHours":10.879179045914917,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"10:53","end":"12:31","startHours":10.879179045914917,"endHours":12.511192199318366,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"12:31","end":"14:09","startHours":12.511192199318366,"endHours":14.143205352721814,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"14:09","end":"15:47","startHours":14.143205352721814,"endHours":15.775218506125263,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"15:47","end":"17:24","startHours":15.775218506125263,"endHours":17.407231659528712,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"17:24","end":"19:02","startHours":17.407231659528712,"endHours":19.03924481293216,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Kāla","start":"19:02","end":"20:24","startHours":19.03924481293216,"endHours":20.407231659528712,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"20:24","end":"21:47","startHours":20.407231659528712,"endHours":21.775218506125263,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"21:47","end":"23:09","startHours":21.775218506125263,"endHours":23.143205352721814,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"23:09","end":"00:31","startHours":23.143205352721814,"endHours":24.511192199318366,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"00:31","end":"01:53","startHours":24.511192199318366,"endHours":25.879179045914917,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"01:53","end":"03:15","startHours":25.879179045914917,"endHours":27.247165892511468,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"03:15","end":"04:37","startHours":27.247165892511468,"endHours":28.61515273910802,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"04:37","end":"05:59","startHours":28.61515273910802,"endHours":29.98313958570457,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"05:59","end":"06:59","startHours":5.98313958570457,"endHours":6.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"06:59","end":"07:59","startHours":6.98313958570457,"endHours":7.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"07:59","end":"08:59","startHours":7.98313958570457,"endHours":8.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"08:59","end":"09:59","startHours":8.98313958570457,"endHours":9.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"09:59","end":"10:59","startHours":9.98313958570457,"endHours":10.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"10:59","end":"11:59","startHours":10.98313958570457,"endHours":11.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"11:59","end":"12:59","startHours":11.98313958570457,"endHours":12.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"12:59","end":"13:59","startHours":12.98313958570457,"endHours":13.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"13:59","end":"14:59","startHours":13.98313958570457,"endHours":14.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"14:59","end":"15:59","startHours":14.98313958570457,"endHours":15.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"15:59","end":"16:59","startHours":15.98313958570457,"endHours":16.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"16:59","end":"17:59","startHours":16.98313958570457,"endHours":17.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"17:59","end":"18:59","startHours":17.98313958570457,"endHours":18.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"18:59","end":"19:59","startHours":18.98313958570457,"endHours":19.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"19:59","end":"20:59","startHours":19.98313958570457,"endHours":20.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"20:59","end":"21:59","startHours":20.98313958570457,"endHours":21.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"21:59","end":"22:59","startHours":21.98313958570457,"endHours":22.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"22:59","end":"23:59","startHours":22.98313958570457,"endHours":23.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"23:59","end":"00:59","startHours":23.98313958570457,"endHours":24.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"00:59","end":"01:59","startHours":24.98313958570457,"endHours":25.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"01:59","end":"02:59","startHours":25.98313958570457,"endHours":26.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"02:59","end":"03:59","startHours":26.98313958570457,"endHours":27.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"03:59","end":"04:59","startHours":27.98313958570457,"endHours":28.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"04:59","end":"05:59","startHours":28.98313958570457,"endHours":29.98313958570457,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Siṃha","Tulā","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"North (Uttara)","chandraVasa":"North","rahuVasa":"North","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Mausala","quality":"Inauspicious"},"drikRitu":"Grīṣma (Summer) (Drik)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":22.029166103547105,"eotMinutes":2.3552680408980873,"ayanamsa":23.761}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2050,"vikram_samvatsara":"Vyaya","saka_samvat":1915,"saka_samvatsara":"Śrīmukha","bengali_samvat":1400,"malayalam_era":1169,"nanakshahi_year":524,"lunar_month":"Jyeṣṭha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Vṛṣabha (Vaikāsi)","ritu":"Grīṣma (Summer)","display_summary":"Jyeṣṭha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2050 Vyaya · Śaka 1915 Śrīmukha"},"festivals":[{"id":"vrishabha-sankranti","name":"Vṛṣabha Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"वृषभ सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Taurus.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Vṛṣabha"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"mangala-walk","name":"Maṅgala Walk","name_sanskrit":"मङ्गल यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Right action + BG 2.31-38 (kṣatriya-dharma).","step_count":7,"url":"/walk/mangala-walk"},"reason":"Maṅgalavāra (Tuesday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga June 1, 1993 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"June 1, 1993 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 05:59, sūryāsta 19:02.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1993-06-01","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1993-06-01","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1993-06-01","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1993-06-01","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1993-06-01"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T11:13:45.797Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-17T11:13:45.797Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-17T11:13:45.797Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}