{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1981-04-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-04-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-04-16","date_display":"April 16, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":4,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444710.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856245.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":2.5498,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.0242,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.4745,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4745},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.0242,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.6909},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":147.574},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":4,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444710.770833,"ahargana":1856245.2708,"kali_year":5083,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5916,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":2.3811279999999897,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.93532800000003,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":2.7583},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":359.673228,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":350.252628,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":27,"name":"Revatī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":159.45792800000004,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":4.890328000000011,"rashi":{"number":1,"name":"Meṣa"},"nakshatra":{"number":1,"name":"Aśvinī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":161.128328,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":107.1927,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":287.1927,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":4,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444710.770833,"kali_year":5083,"ahargana":1856245.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":2.5498,"rashi":1,"rashi_name":"Meṣa"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":145.0242,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"tithi":{"number":12,"name":"Dvādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Dvādaśī","elongation_degrees":142.4745,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":10.4745},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":4,"moon_longitude":145.0242,"elapsed_within_degrees":11.6909},"yoga":{"number":12,"name":"Dhruva","sum_longitude":147.574},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":23,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":6,"name":"Guruvāra (Thursday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.758,"elongation":142.474},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":2.758,"opposition_distance":37.526}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:17","sunsetLocal":"18:49","solarNoonLocal":"12:33","dayLengthHours":12.523712844950346,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 31 Mins 25 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 28 Mins 35 Secs","moonriseLocal":"16:00","moonsetLocal":"04:15","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"14:07","end":"15:41","startHours":14.115655920342153,"endHours":15.681120025960947,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"06:17","end":"07:51","startHours":6.288335392248187,"endHours":7.85379949786698,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"09:25","end":"10:59","startHours":9.419263603485774,"endHours":10.984727709104567,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:13","end":"09:38","startHours":9.210535056069935,"endHours":9.627992150901612,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:49","end":"07:09","startHours":6.810156760787785,"endHours":7.144122436653127,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:08","end":"12:58","startHours":12.132734719891682,"endHours":12.967648909555036,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:37","end":"05:27","startHours":4.618507012921474,"endHours":5.45342120258483,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:15","end":"06:17","startHours":5.244692655168992,"endHours":6.288335392248187,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:38","end":"15:28","startHours":14.637477288881751,"endHours":15.472391478545108,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:37","end":"19:01","startHours":18.612048237198533,"endHours":19.01204823719853,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:49","end":"19:20","startHours":18.812048237198532,"endHours":19.33386960573813,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:34","end":"20:19","startHours":18.562048237198532,"endHours":20.312048237198532,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:08","end":"00:58","startHours":24.13273471989168,"endHours":24.967648909555038,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"06:17","end":"07:51","startHours":6.288335392248187,"endHours":7.85379949786698,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"07:51","end":"09:25","startHours":7.85379949786698,"endHours":9.419263603485774,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"09:25","end":"10:59","startHours":9.419263603485774,"endHours":10.984727709104567,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"10:59","end":"12:33","startHours":10.984727709104567,"endHours":12.550191814723359,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"12:33","end":"14:07","startHours":12.550191814723359,"endHours":14.115655920342153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"14:07","end":"15:41","startHours":14.115655920342153,"endHours":15.681120025960947,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"15:41","end":"17:15","startHours":15.681120025960947,"endHours":17.246584131579738,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"17:15","end":"18:49","startHours":17.246584131579738,"endHours":18.812048237198532,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"18:49","end":"20:15","startHours":18.812048237198532,"endHours":20.246584131579738,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"20:15","end":"21:41","startHours":20.246584131579738,"endHours":21.681120025960944,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"21:41","end":"23:07","startHours":21.681120025960944,"endHours":23.115655920342153,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"23:07","end":"00:33","startHours":23.115655920342153,"endHours":24.55019181472336,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"00:33","end":"01:59","startHours":24.55019181472336,"endHours":25.984727709104565,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"01:59","end":"03:25","startHours":25.984727709104565,"endHours":27.419263603485774,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"03:25","end":"04:51","startHours":27.419263603485774,"endHours":28.85379949786698,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"04:51","end":"06:17","startHours":28.85379949786698,"endHours":30.288335392248186,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:17","end":"07:17","startHours":6.288335392248187,"endHours":7.288335392248187,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:17","end":"08:17","startHours":7.288335392248187,"endHours":8.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:17","end":"09:17","startHours":8.288335392248186,"endHours":9.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:17","end":"10:17","startHours":9.288335392248186,"endHours":10.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:17","end":"11:17","startHours":10.288335392248186,"endHours":11.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:17","end":"12:17","startHours":11.288335392248186,"endHours":12.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:17","end":"13:17","startHours":12.288335392248186,"endHours":13.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:17","end":"14:17","startHours":13.288335392248186,"endHours":14.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:17","end":"15:17","startHours":14.288335392248186,"endHours":15.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:17","end":"16:17","startHours":15.288335392248186,"endHours":16.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:17","end":"17:17","startHours":16.288335392248186,"endHours":17.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:17","end":"18:17","startHours":17.288335392248186,"endHours":18.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:17","end":"19:17","startHours":18.288335392248186,"endHours":19.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:17","end":"20:17","startHours":19.288335392248186,"endHours":20.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:17","end":"21:17","startHours":20.288335392248186,"endHours":21.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:17","end":"22:17","startHours":21.288335392248186,"endHours":22.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:17","end":"23:17","startHours":22.288335392248186,"endHours":23.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:17","end":"00:17","startHours":23.288335392248186,"endHours":24.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:17","end":"01:17","startHours":24.288335392248186,"endHours":25.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:17","end":"02:17","startHours":25.288335392248186,"endHours":26.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:17","end":"03:17","startHours":26.288335392248186,"endHours":27.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:17","end":"04:17","startHours":27.288335392248186,"endHours":28.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:17","end":"05:17","startHours":28.288335392248186,"endHours":29.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:17","end":"06:17","startHours":29.288335392248186,"endHours":30.288335392248186,"planetary_lord":"Moon"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Karka","Kanyā","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"South (Dakṣiṇa)","chandraVasa":"West","rahuVasa":"North-West","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Sushira","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","vedicRitu":"Vasanta (Spring)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":10.031190587921168,"eotMinutes":0.015291116598477705,"ayanamsa":23.5916}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Vaiśākha","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Vaiśākha Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mēsha (Cittirai / Vaiśākhī)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Vaiśākha Śukla Dvādaśī · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"mesha-sankranti","name":"Meṣa Saṅkrānti (Vaiśākhī / Vishu / Pohelā Boishākh / Bihu)","name_sanskrit":"मेष सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","associated_deity":"Sūrya Bhagavān","significance":"Sun enters Aries; solar new year. Regional: Vaiśākhī (Punjab) · Vishu (Kerala) · Pohelā Boishākh (Bengal) · Bihu (Assam) · Tamil Puthāṇḍu.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":1},{"id":"baisakhi","name":"Baisakhi (Vaiśākhī)","name_sanskrit":"वैशाखी","tradition":"Regional","associated_deity":"Sūrya + Khalsa Pantha (Sikh)","significance":"Punjab New Year + Sikh Khalsa founding day.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Meṣa"},"precedence":2}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"guru-walk","name":"Bṛhaspati Walk","name_sanskrit":"गुरु यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Wisdom transmission + BG 4.34.","step_count":8,"url":"/walk/guru-walk"},"reason":"Guruvāra (Thursday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga April 16, 1981 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"April 16, 1981 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Dvādaśī, sūryodaya 06:17, sūryāsta 18:49.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-04-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-04-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-04-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-04-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-04-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T08:04:14.142Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T08:04:14.142Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T08:04:14.142Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}