{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1981-03-16:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-03-16","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1981-03-16","date_display":"March 16, 1981 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444679.770833,"kali_year":5082,"ahargana":1856214.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.0021,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":97.4588,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":125.4567,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4567},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":97.4588,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1255},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":69.4609},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1981,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444679.770833,"ahargana":1856214.2708,"kali_year":5082,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5904,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":331.78091300000006,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":98.527513,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-0.8868},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":335.846913,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":304.469113,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":23,"name":"Dhaniṣṭhā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":163.280713,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":1},"retrograde":true},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":326.415213,"rashi":{"number":11,"name":"Kumbha"},"nakshatra":{"number":25,"name":"Pūrva Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":163.49541299999999,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":13,"name":"Hasta","pada":2},"retrograde":true},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":108.8352,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":9,"name":"Āśleṣā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":288.8352,"rashi":{"number":10,"name":"Makara"},"nakshatra":{"number":22,"name":"Śravaṇa","pada":3},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Sub-degree on Moon at any Kali-Yuga date (~2-5° residual max)","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1981,"month":3,"day":16,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2444679.770833,"kali_year":5082,"ahargana":1856214.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":332.0021,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":97.4588,"rashi":4,"rashi_name":"Karka"},"tithi":{"number":11,"name":"Ekādaśī","paksha":"Śukla","full_name":"Śukla Ekādaśī","elongation_degrees":125.4567,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":5.4567},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2,"moon_longitude":97.4588,"elapsed_within_degrees":4.1255},"yoga":{"number":6,"name":"Atigaṇḍa","sum_longitude":69.4609},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":20,"name":"Vaṇija"},"vara":{"number":3,"name":"Somavāra (Monday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.887,"elongation":125.457},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-0.887,"opposition_distance":54.543}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:41","sunsetLocal":"18:44","solarNoonLocal":"12:42","dayLengthHours":12.042392533984287,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 02 Mins 33 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 57 Mins 27 Secs","moonriseLocal":"14:42","moonsetLocal":"03:37","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"08:11","end":"09:42","startHours":8.190542802113656,"endHours":9.695841868861692,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"11:12","end":"12:42","startHours":11.201140935609729,"endHours":12.706440002357764,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"14:13","end":"15:43","startHours":14.2117390691058,"endHours":15.717038135853837,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:30","end":"09:54","startHours":9.49513532662862,"endHours":9.896548411094765,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"07:11","end":"07:30","startHours":7.1870100909482995,"endHours":7.508140558521214,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:18","end":"13:06","startHours":12.305026917891622,"endHours":13.107853086823907,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"05:05","end":"05:53","startHours":5.079591397501049,"endHours":5.882417566433335,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":5.681711024200263,"endHours":6.685243735365621,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:43","end":"15:31","startHours":14.71350542468848,"endHours":15.516331593620766,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:32","end":"18:56","startHours":18.52763626934991,"endHours":18.927636269349907,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:44","end":"19:14","startHours":18.727636269349908,"endHours":19.229402624932586,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:29","end":"20:14","startHours":18.477636269349908,"endHours":20.227636269349908,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:18","end":"01:06","startHours":24.305026917891624,"endHours":25.10785308682391,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Amṛta","start":"06:41","end":"08:11","startHours":6.685243735365621,"endHours":8.190542802113656,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"08:11","end":"09:42","startHours":8.190542802113656,"endHours":9.695841868861692,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"09:42","end":"11:12","startHours":9.695841868861692,"endHours":11.201140935609729,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"11:12","end":"12:42","startHours":11.201140935609729,"endHours":12.706440002357764,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"12:42","end":"14:13","startHours":12.706440002357764,"endHours":14.2117390691058,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"14:13","end":"15:43","startHours":14.2117390691058,"endHours":15.717038135853837,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"15:43","end":"17:13","startHours":15.717038135853837,"endHours":17.22233720260187,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"17:13","end":"18:44","startHours":17.22233720260187,"endHours":18.727636269349908,"quality":"auspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Chala","start":"18:44","end":"20:13","startHours":18.727636269349908,"endHours":20.22233720260187,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"20:13","end":"21:43","startHours":20.22233720260187,"endHours":21.717038135853837,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"21:43","end":"23:13","startHours":21.717038135853837,"endHours":23.2117390691058,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"23:13","end":"00:42","startHours":23.2117390691058,"endHours":24.706440002357766,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"00:42","end":"02:12","startHours":24.706440002357766,"endHours":26.20114093560973,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"02:12","end":"03:42","startHours":26.20114093560973,"endHours":27.69584186886169,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"03:42","end":"05:11","startHours":27.69584186886169,"endHours":29.190542802113654,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"05:11","end":"06:41","startHours":29.190542802113654,"endHours":30.68524373536562,"quality":"neutral"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:41","end":"07:41","startHours":6.685243735365621,"endHours":7.685243735365621,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:41","end":"08:41","startHours":7.685243735365621,"endHours":8.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:41","end":"09:41","startHours":8.68524373536562,"endHours":9.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:41","end":"10:41","startHours":9.68524373536562,"endHours":10.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:41","end":"11:41","startHours":10.68524373536562,"endHours":11.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:41","end":"12:41","startHours":11.68524373536562,"endHours":12.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:41","end":"13:41","startHours":12.68524373536562,"endHours":13.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:41","end":"14:41","startHours":13.68524373536562,"endHours":14.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:41","end":"15:41","startHours":14.68524373536562,"endHours":15.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:41","end":"16:41","startHours":15.68524373536562,"endHours":16.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:41","end":"17:41","startHours":16.68524373536562,"endHours":17.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:41","end":"18:41","startHours":17.68524373536562,"endHours":18.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:41","end":"19:41","startHours":18.68524373536562,"endHours":19.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:41","end":"20:41","startHours":19.68524373536562,"endHours":20.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:41","end":"21:41","startHours":20.68524373536562,"endHours":21.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:41","end":"22:41","startHours":21.68524373536562,"endHours":22.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:41","end":"23:41","startHours":22.68524373536562,"endHours":23.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:41","end":"00:41","startHours":23.68524373536562,"endHours":24.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:41","end":"01:41","startHours":24.68524373536562,"endHours":25.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:41","end":"02:41","startHours":25.68524373536562,"endHours":26.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:41","end":"03:41","startHours":26.68524373536562,"endHours":27.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:41","end":"04:41","startHours":27.68524373536562,"endHours":28.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:41","end":"05:41","startHours":28.68524373536562,"endHours":29.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:41","end":"06:41","startHours":29.68524373536562,"endHours":30.68524373536562,"planetary_lord":"Venus"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Mithuna","Siṃha","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha","Mīna"]},"dishaShool":"East (Pūrva)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Maitra","quality":"Auspicious"},"drikRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","vedicRitu":"Śiśira (Winter)","drikAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","vedicAyana":"Uttarāyaṇa","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization (Drikpanchang-parity)","declination":-1.8392931354523092,"eotMinutes":-9.359600141465874,"ayanamsa":23.5904}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2038,"vikram_samvatsara":"Bhāva","saka_samvat":1903,"saka_samvatsara":"Durmati","bengali_samvat":1388,"malayalam_era":1157,"nanakshahi_year":512,"lunar_month":"Caitra","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Caitra Śukla Pakṣa","solar_month":"Mīna (Paṅkuṇi)","ritu":"Vasanta (Spring)","display_summary":"Caitra Śukla Ekādaśī · Vikram 2038 Bhāva · Śaka 1903 Durmati"},"festivals":[{"id":"kamada-ekadashi","name":"Kāmadā Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"कामदा एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Fulfills righteous desires; removes brahma-hatyā.","vrata":true,"detection":{"tithi_number":11,"tithi_paksha":"Śukla","lunar_month":"Caitra"},"precedence":4},{"id":"ekadashi","name":"Ekādaśī","name_sanskrit":"एकादशी","tradition":"Vaishnava","associated_deity":"Bhagavān Viṣṇu","significance":"Sacred to Bhagavān Viṣṇu; vrata for purification.","vrata":true,"detection":{"any_of":[{"tithi_number":11},{"tithi_number":26}]},"precedence":5},{"id":"mina-sankranti","name":"Mīna Saṅkrānti","name_sanskrit":"मीन सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Pisces; Mīna-māsa begins.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi":"Mīna"},"precedence":5}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"chandra-walk","name":"Candra Walk","name_sanskrit":"चन्द्र यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Manas-control + BG 6.5-7.","step_count":5,"url":"/walk/chandra-walk"},"reason":"Somavāra (Monday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga March 16, 1981 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"March 16, 1981 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Śukla Ekādaśī, sūryodaya 06:41, sūryāsta 18:44.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-03-16","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-03-16","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-03-16","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-03-16","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1981-03-16"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T10:46:53.822Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-05-18T10:46:53.822Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["matches Drikpanchang ±1 minute on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-05-18T10:46:53.822Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"}}}