{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1978-09-24:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-24","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-09-24","date_display":"September 24, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":9,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443775.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855310.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":156.3985,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.9724,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":267.5739,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.5739},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":63.9724,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.6391},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":220.3709},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":9,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443775.770833,"ahargana":1855310.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5559,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":157.087852,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":65.23645199999999,"rashi":{"number":3,"name":"Mithuna"},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mr̥gaśirā","pada":4},"retrograde":false,"latitude":-4.4948},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":189.50555199999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":151.855752,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":99.50355200000001,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":200.29315199999996,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":16,"name":"Viśākhā","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":133.68485199999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":1},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":156.7335,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":336.7335,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":9,"day":24,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443775.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855310.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":156.3985,"rashi":6,"rashi_name":"Kanyā"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":63.9724,"rashi":3,"rashi_name":"Mithuna"},"tithi":{"number":23,"name":"Aṣṭamī","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī","elongation_degrees":267.5739,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":3.5739},"nakshatra":{"number":5,"name":"Mṛgaśīrṣā","pada":4,"moon_longitude":63.9724,"elapsed_within_degrees":10.6391},"yoga":{"number":17,"name":"Vyatīpāta","sum_longitude":220.3709},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":44,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.495,"elongation":92.426},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":-4.495,"opposition_distance":87.574}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:21","sunsetLocal":"18:27","solarNoonLocal":"12:24","dayLengthHours":12.10571567859159,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 06 Mins 21 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 53 Mins 39 Secs","moonriseLocal":"23:44","moonsetLocal":"12:49","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"16:57","end":"18:27","startHours":16.943538206242206,"endHours":18.456752666066155,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:24","end":"13:55","startHours":12.403894826770362,"endHours":13.917109286594311,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:26","end":"16:57","startHours":15.430323746418257,"endHours":16.943538206242206,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:35","startHours":9.175703979145936,"endHours":9.57922783509899,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:11","startHours":6.8554418074158825,"endHours":7.178260892178325,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:00","end":"12:48","startHours":12.000370970817308,"endHours":12.807418682723412,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:44","end":"05:33","startHours":4.736941563662354,"endHours":5.543989275568459,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":5.342227347591933,"endHours":6.351036987474566,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:25","end":"15:14","startHours":14.421514106535625,"endHours":15.228561818441731,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:15","end":"18:39","startHours":18.256752666066156,"endHours":18.656752666066154,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:27","end":"18:58","startHours":18.456752666066155,"endHours":18.961157486007473,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:12","end":"19:57","startHours":18.206752666066155,"endHours":19.956752666066155,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:00","end":"00:48","startHours":24.000370970817308,"endHours":24.807418682723416,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:21","end":"07:52","startHours":6.351036987474566,"endHours":7.864251447298514,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:52","end":"09:23","startHours":7.864251447298514,"endHours":9.377465907122463,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:23","end":"10:53","startHours":9.377465907122463,"endHours":10.890680366946413,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:53","end":"12:24","startHours":10.890680366946413,"endHours":12.403894826770362,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:24","end":"13:55","startHours":12.403894826770362,"endHours":13.917109286594311,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:55","end":"15:26","startHours":13.917109286594311,"endHours":15.430323746418257,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:26","end":"16:57","startHours":15.430323746418257,"endHours":16.943538206242206,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"16:57","end":"18:27","startHours":16.943538206242206,"endHours":18.456752666066155,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:27","end":"19:57","startHours":18.456752666066155,"endHours":19.943538206242206,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"19:57","end":"21:26","startHours":19.943538206242206,"endHours":21.430323746418257,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:26","end":"22:55","startHours":21.430323746418257,"endHours":22.91710928659431,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:55","end":"00:24","startHours":22.91710928659431,"endHours":24.40389482677036,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:24","end":"01:53","startHours":24.40389482677036,"endHours":25.890680366946413,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:53","end":"03:23","startHours":25.890680366946413,"endHours":27.377465907122463,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:23","end":"04:52","startHours":27.377465907122463,"endHours":28.864251447298514,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:52","end":"06:21","startHours":28.864251447298514,"endHours":30.351036987474565,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:21","end":"07:21","startHours":6.351036987474566,"endHours":7.351036987474566,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:21","end":"08:21","startHours":7.351036987474566,"endHours":8.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:21","end":"09:21","startHours":8.351036987474565,"endHours":9.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:21","end":"10:21","startHours":9.351036987474565,"endHours":10.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:21","end":"11:21","startHours":10.351036987474565,"endHours":11.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:21","end":"12:21","startHours":11.351036987474565,"endHours":12.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:21","end":"13:21","startHours":12.351036987474565,"endHours":13.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:21","end":"14:21","startHours":13.351036987474565,"endHours":14.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:21","end":"15:21","startHours":14.351036987474565,"endHours":15.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:21","end":"16:21","startHours":15.351036987474565,"endHours":16.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:21","end":"17:21","startHours":16.351036987474565,"endHours":17.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:21","end":"18:21","startHours":17.351036987474565,"endHours":18.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:21","end":"19:21","startHours":18.351036987474565,"endHours":19.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:21","end":"20:21","startHours":19.351036987474565,"endHours":20.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:21","end":"21:21","startHours":20.351036987474565,"endHours":21.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:21","end":"22:21","startHours":21.351036987474565,"endHours":22.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:21","end":"23:21","startHours":22.351036987474565,"endHours":23.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:21","end":"00:21","startHours":23.351036987474565,"endHours":24.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:21","end":"01:21","startHours":24.351036987474565,"endHours":25.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:21","end":"02:21","startHours":25.351036987474565,"endHours":26.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:21","end":"03:21","startHours":26.351036987474565,"endHours":27.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:21","end":"04:21","startHours":27.351036987474565,"endHours":28.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:21","end":"05:21","startHours":28.351036987474565,"endHours":29.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:21","end":"06:21","startHours":29.351036987474565,"endHours":30.351036987474565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Mṛgaśirā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Citrā","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Dhaniṣṭhā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Siṃha","Vṛścika","Dhanu","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Karka","Kanyā","Tulā","Makara","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Saumya","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Śarad (Autumn) (tropical)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":-0.2560365324696327,"eotMinutes":8.793110393778392,"ayanamsa":23.5559}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 24, 1978 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 24, 1978 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Aṣṭamī, sūryodaya 06:21, sūryāsta 18:27.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-24","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-24","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-24","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-24","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-24"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T21:51:28.432Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T21:51:28.432Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-05T21:51:28.432Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}