{"id":"vidhyamitra:city-day:kolhapur:1978-09-17:en","page_class":"VM-CD-city-day","url":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-17","language":{"target_lang":"en","base_lang":"en","quality_tier":"canonical"},"data":{"date":"1978-09-17","date_display":"September 17, 1978 CE","panchanga":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":9,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443768.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855303.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":149.5677,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":334.3143,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":184.7466,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7466},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":334.3143,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.981},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":123.8819},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"sky":{"method":"Sūrya-Siddhāntic Bhāskara-II 4-step iteration with atan2-based śīghra + varying peripheries + lunar latitude","engine_version":"3.0 (Pūrṇa — complete SS implementation)","tradition_sources":"Āryabhaṭīya 499 CE → SS Ch.1-5 Burgess 1860 → Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi Bhāskara II 1150 → Tantrasaṅgraha Nīlakaṇṭha 1501","input":{"year":1978,"month":9,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443768.770833,"ahargana":1855303.2708,"kali_year":5080,"ayanamsa_lahiri":23.5556,"grahas":{"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":150.24701900000002,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":333.56391899999994,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1},"retrograde":false,"latitude":0.2188},"mars":{"sidereal_longitude":184.79991900000005,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":14,"name":"Citrā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"mercury":{"sidereal_longitude":138.94081899999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":11,"name":"Pūrva Phalgunī","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"jupiter":{"sidereal_longitude":98.315519,"rashi":{"number":4,"name":"Karka"},"nakshatra":{"number":8,"name":"Puṣya","pada":2},"retrograde":false},"venus":{"sidereal_longitude":195.12221899999997,"rashi":{"number":7,"name":"Tulā"},"nakshatra":{"number":15,"name":"Svātī","pada":3},"retrograde":false},"saturn":{"sidereal_longitude":132.83301899999998,"rashi":{"number":5,"name":"Siṃha"},"nakshatra":{"number":10,"name":"Maghā","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"rahu":{"sidereal_longitude":157.1044,"rashi":{"number":6,"name":"Kanyā"},"nakshatra":{"number":12,"name":"Uttara Phalgunī","pada":4},"retrograde":false},"ketu":{"sidereal_longitude":337.1044,"rashi":{"number":12,"name":"Mīna"},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":2},"retrograde":false}},"panchang":{"method":"Sūrya Siddhānta + Bhāskara-II iterative manda + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) evection + variation + annual equation","engine_version":"2.0 (Kerala-school enhanced)","accuracy_note":"Not independently benchmarked across the declared range","tradition_chain":"Āryabhaṭa(499) → Brahmagupta(628) → Bhāskara II(1150) → Mādhava(~1400) → Parameśvara(1430) → Nīlakaṇṭha(1501) → this","input":{"year":1978,"month":9,"day":17,"hour":6,"minute":30,"second":0,"calendar":"gregorian"},"julian_day":2443768.770833,"kali_year":5080,"ahargana":1855303.2708,"sun":{"sidereal_longitude":149.5677,"rashi":5,"rashi_name":"Siṃha"},"moon":{"sidereal_longitude":334.3143,"rashi":12,"rashi_name":"Mīna"},"tithi":{"number":16,"name":"Pratipada","paksha":"Kṛṣṇa","full_name":"Kṛṣṇa Pratipada","elongation_degrees":184.7466,"elapsed_within_tithi_degrees":4.7466},"nakshatra":{"number":26,"name":"Uttara Bhādrapadā","pada":1,"moon_longitude":334.3143,"elapsed_within_degrees":0.981},"yoga":{"number":10,"name":"Gaṇḍa","sum_longitude":123.8819},"karana":{"half_tithi_index":30,"name":"Bālava"},"vara":{"number":2,"name":"Ravivāra (Sunday)"}},"eclipse_current":{"solar":{"type":"solar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.219,"elongation":175.253},"lunar":{"type":"lunar","occurs":false,"moon_latitude":0.219,"opposition_distance":4.747}},"eclipse_window_40days":[]},"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"tier2":{"city":{"slug":"kolhapur","name":"Kolhāpur, Maharashtra","lat":16.705,"lon":74.2433,"tz_offset_hours":5.5,"state":"Maharashtra","country":"IN","tier":"tier-1"},"sunriseLocal":"06:20","sunsetLocal":"18:33","solarNoonLocal":"12:27","dayLengthHours":12.214622305089772,"dayLengthDisplay":"12 Hours 12 Mins 53 Secs","nightLengthDisplay":"11 Hours 47 Mins 07 Secs","moonriseLocal":"18:39","moonsetLocal":"06:41","rahuKala":{"name":"Rāhu Kāla","start":"17:02","end":"18:33","startHours":17.026937301819203,"endHours":18.553765089955423,"quality":"inauspicious"},"yamaganda":{"name":"Yamaganda","start":"12:27","end":"13:58","startHours":12.446453937410539,"endHours":13.973281725546759,"quality":"inauspicious"},"gulika":{"name":"Gulika Kāla","start":"15:30","end":"17:02","startHours":15.500109513682979,"endHours":17.026937301819203,"quality":"inauspicious"},"durMuhurta":[{"name":"Dur Muhūrta","start":"09:11","end":"09:36","startHours":9.18922132271993,"endHours":9.596375399556258,"quality":"avoid"}],"varjyam":{"name":"Varjyam","start":"06:51","end":"07:10","startHours":6.8480853809110585,"endHours":7.173808642380119,"quality":"avoid"},"abhijit":{"name":"Abhijit Muhūrta","start":"12:02","end":"12:51","startHours":12.03929986057421,"endHours":12.853608014246863,"quality":"auspicious"},"brahmaMuhurta":{"name":"Brahma Muhūrta","start":"04:43","end":"05:31","startHours":4.710526477520348,"endHours":5.524834631193,"quality":"auspicious"},"pratahSandhya":{"name":"Prātaḥ Sandhyā","start":"05:19","end":"06:20","startHours":5.3212575927748365,"endHours":6.339142784865651,"quality":"auspicious"},"vijayaMuhurta":{"name":"Vijaya Muhūrta","start":"14:29","end":"15:18","startHours":14.482224321592167,"endHours":15.296532475264819,"quality":"auspicious"},"godhuliMuhurta":{"name":"Godhūli Muhūrta","start":"18:21","end":"18:45","startHours":18.353765089955424,"endHours":18.753765089955422,"quality":"auspicious"},"sayahnaSandhya":{"name":"Sāyāhna Sandhyā","start":"18:33","end":"19:04","startHours":18.553765089955423,"endHours":19.06270768600083,"quality":"auspicious"},"amritKala":{"name":"Amṛta Kāla","start":"18:18","end":"20:03","startHours":18.303765089955423,"endHours":20.053765089955423,"quality":"auspicious"},"nishitaMuhurta":{"name":"Niśīta Muhūrta","start":"00:02","end":"00:51","startHours":24.039299860574214,"endHours":24.853608014246863,"quality":"auspicious"},"dayChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Udveg","start":"06:20","end":"07:52","startHours":6.339142784865651,"endHours":7.8659705730018725,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"07:52","end":"09:24","startHours":7.8659705730018725,"endHours":9.392798361138095,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"09:24","end":"10:55","startHours":9.392798361138095,"endHours":10.919626149274315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"10:55","end":"12:27","startHours":10.919626149274315,"endHours":12.446453937410539,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"12:27","end":"13:58","startHours":12.446453937410539,"endHours":13.973281725546759,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"13:58","end":"15:30","startHours":13.973281725546759,"endHours":15.500109513682979,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"15:30","end":"17:02","startHours":15.500109513682979,"endHours":17.026937301819203,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"17:02","end":"18:33","startHours":17.026937301819203,"endHours":18.553765089955423,"quality":"inauspicious"}],"nightChoghadiyas":[{"name":"Śubha","start":"18:33","end":"20:02","startHours":18.553765089955423,"endHours":20.026937301819203,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Roga","start":"20:02","end":"21:30","startHours":20.026937301819203,"endHours":21.50010951368298,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Udveg","start":"21:30","end":"22:58","startHours":21.50010951368298,"endHours":22.97328172554676,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Chala","start":"22:58","end":"00:27","startHours":22.97328172554676,"endHours":24.44645393741054,"quality":"neutral"},{"name":"Labha","start":"00:27","end":"01:55","startHours":24.44645393741054,"endHours":25.919626149274315,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Amṛta","start":"01:55","end":"03:24","startHours":25.919626149274315,"endHours":27.392798361138095,"quality":"auspicious"},{"name":"Kāla","start":"03:24","end":"04:52","startHours":27.392798361138095,"endHours":28.865970573001874,"quality":"inauspicious"},{"name":"Śubha","start":"04:52","end":"06:20","startHours":28.865970573001874,"endHours":30.33914278486565,"quality":"auspicious"}],"horas":[{"name":"Hora 1","start":"06:20","end":"07:20","startHours":6.339142784865651,"endHours":7.339142784865651,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 2","start":"07:20","end":"08:20","startHours":7.339142784865651,"endHours":8.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 3","start":"08:20","end":"09:20","startHours":8.33914278486565,"endHours":9.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 4","start":"09:20","end":"10:20","startHours":9.33914278486565,"endHours":10.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 5","start":"10:20","end":"11:20","startHours":10.33914278486565,"endHours":11.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 6","start":"11:20","end":"12:20","startHours":11.33914278486565,"endHours":12.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 7","start":"12:20","end":"13:20","startHours":12.33914278486565,"endHours":13.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 8","start":"13:20","end":"14:20","startHours":13.33914278486565,"endHours":14.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 9","start":"14:20","end":"15:20","startHours":14.33914278486565,"endHours":15.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 10","start":"15:20","end":"16:20","startHours":15.33914278486565,"endHours":16.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 11","start":"16:20","end":"17:20","startHours":16.33914278486565,"endHours":17.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 12","start":"17:20","end":"18:20","startHours":17.33914278486565,"endHours":18.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 13","start":"18:20","end":"19:20","startHours":18.33914278486565,"endHours":19.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 14","start":"19:20","end":"20:20","startHours":19.33914278486565,"endHours":20.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 15","start":"20:20","end":"21:20","startHours":20.33914278486565,"endHours":21.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 16","start":"21:20","end":"22:20","startHours":21.33914278486565,"endHours":22.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 17","start":"22:20","end":"23:20","startHours":22.33914278486565,"endHours":23.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"},{"name":"Hora 18","start":"23:20","end":"00:20","startHours":23.33914278486565,"endHours":24.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Saturn"},{"name":"Hora 19","start":"00:20","end":"01:20","startHours":24.33914278486565,"endHours":25.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Moon"},{"name":"Hora 20","start":"01:20","end":"02:20","startHours":25.33914278486565,"endHours":26.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Mercury"},{"name":"Hora 21","start":"02:20","end":"03:20","startHours":26.33914278486565,"endHours":27.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Venus"},{"name":"Hora 22","start":"03:20","end":"04:20","startHours":27.33914278486565,"endHours":28.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Sun"},{"name":"Hora 23","start":"04:20","end":"05:20","startHours":28.33914278486565,"endHours":29.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Mars"},{"name":"Hora 24","start":"05:20","end":"06:20","startHours":29.33914278486565,"endHours":30.33914278486565,"planetary_lord":"Jupiter"}],"taraBala":{"favorable_nakshatras":["Aśvinī","Bharaṇī","Kṛttikā","Rohiṇī","Aśleṣā","Maghā","Pūrva Phalgunī","Uttara Phalgunī","Hasta","Jyeṣṭhā","Mūla","Pūrva Āṣāḍhā","Uttara Āṣāḍhā","Śravaṇa","Revatī"],"unfavorable_nakshatras":["Mṛgaśirā","Ārdrā","Punarvasu","Puṣya","Citrā","Svātī","Viśākhā","Anurādhā","Dhaniṣṭhā","Śatabhiṣaj","Pūrva Bhādrapadā","Uttara Bhādrapadā"],"nature":"Janma-tara if same nakshatra; favorable for 15 nakshatras"},"chandraBala":{"favorable_rashis":["Vṛṣabha","Siṃha","Kanyā","Dhanu","Makara","Mīna"],"unfavorable_rashis":["Meṣa","Mithuna","Karka","Tulā","Vṛścika","Kumbha"]},"dishaShool":"West (Paścim)","chandraVasa":"South-West","rahuVasa":"North-East","anandadiYoga":{"name":"Cara","quality":"Auspicious"},"tropicalRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","vedicRitu":"Varṣā (Monsoon)","tropicalAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","vedicAyana":"Dakṣiṇāyana","meta":{"method":"BOB-History Sūrya-Siddhānta + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 spherical localization","declination":2.4608525372493766,"eotMinutes":6.239563755367786,"ayanamsa":23.5556}},"calendars":{"vikram_samvat":2035,"vikram_samvatsara":"Prajāpati","saka_samvat":1900,"saka_samvatsara":"Kālayukta","bengali_samvat":1385,"malayalam_era":1154,"nanakshahi_year":509,"lunar_month":"Āśvina","lunar_month_paksha_full":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pakṣa","lunar_month_system":"purnimanta","lunar_month_purnimanta":"Āśvina","lunar_month_amanta":"Bhādrapada","lunar_month_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_purnimanta_is_adhika":false,"lunar_month_amanta_is_adhika":false,"solar_month":"Kanyā (Puraṭṭāsi)","ritu":"Śarad (Autumn)","display_summary":"Āśvina Kṛṣṇa Pratipada · Vikram 2035 Prajāpati · Śaka 1900 Kālayukta"},"festivals":[{"id":"kanya-sankranti","name":"Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins)","name_sanskrit":"कन्या सङ्क्रान्ति","tradition":"Pan-Hindu","significance":"Sun enters Virgo; Mahālaya / Pitṛ-Pakṣa solar marker.","vrata":false,"detection":{"sun_rashi_ingress":"Kanyā"},"precedence":4}],"todays_walk":{"walk":{"id":"surya-walk","name":"Sūrya Walk","name_sanskrit":"सूर्य यात्रा","type":"graha","description":"Self-illumination + BG 4.1 (Sun-lineage of Gītā transmission).","step_count":6,"url":"/walk/surya-walk"},"reason":"Dedicated festival walk for Kanyā Saṅkrānti (Mahālaya begins) is not live yet; Ravivāra (Sunday) — its presiding graha's walk."},"cosmic_resonances":[]},"validity":{"eternal":false,"location_specific":"kolhapur"},"liturgical":{"opening":"जय श्री कृष्ण","closing":"ॐ तत् सत्","attribution":"Computed by Vidhyamitra Sūrya-Siddhānta substrate + Vidhyamitra Tier-2 layer"},"seo":{"title":"Pañchāṅga September 17, 1978 CE · Kolhāpur, Maharashtra · Vidhyamitra","description":"September 17, 1978 CE for Kolhāpur, Maharashtra: Kṛṣṇa Pratipada, sūryodaya 06:20, sūryāsta 18:33.","schema_org_type":"Article","canonical":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-17","hreflang_alternates":{"en":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-17","sa":"https://sa.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-17","hi":"https://hi.vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-17","x-default":"https://vidhyamitra.com/city/kolhapur/1978-09-17"}},"provenance":[{"pillar":"BOB-History","pillar_version":"2.12.0","method":"Sūrya-Siddhānta first-principles + Bhāskara II + Kerala-school (Mādhava-Nīlakaṇṭha) corrections","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T19:56:31.956Z","verification":{"type":"multi-marker","confidence":"canonical"}},{"pillar":"Vidhyamitra-Tier2","pillar_version":"0.1.0","method":"Spherical astronomy + Lahiri ayanamsa + standard solar declination + EoT correction","retrieved_at":"2026-09-05T19:56:31.956Z","verification":{"type":"community-validated","markers":["modern-reference checked timing on Narasiṁha Jayantī 2026"],"confidence":"verified"}}],"meta":{"generated_at":"2026-09-05T19:56:31.956Z","pillar_versions":{"Sūrya-Siddhānta":"Pūrṇa","Vidhyamitra-Tier2":"Pūrṇa"},"reader_local_antaryami":{"reader_geography":"Every reader enters from their own kṣetra anywhere on Bhūmi; no single city is the universal center.","purna_chain":["Hosted scripture","Named-tradition interpretation","Original Vidhyamitra contemplation","Bhūmi-born material medium","Vidhyamitra portal","Responsible reader in their own kṣetra"],"claim_boundary":"The legacy purna_chain field carries a source-to-reader sequence, not a revealed physical descent, universal cosmology, or proof that software is conscious.","antaryami_responsibility_formula":"Kṣīrodakaśāyī Viṣṇu = Paramātmā = Antaryāmī. Jīva desires. Prakṛti executes through guṇas. Paramātmā witnesses, permits, remembers, guides, and sustains. Bhagavān is the ultimate source.","source_anchors":[{"label":"BG 13.23","path":"/bhagavad-gita/13/23","meaning":"upadraṣṭā-anumantā · witness-permitter"},{"label":"BG 15.15","path":"/bhagavad-gita/15/15","meaning":"the Lord seated in every heart as memory, knowledge, and forgetting"},{"label":"BG 18.61","path":"/bhagavad-gita/18/61","meaning":"Īśvara seated in the heart of all beings"}],"nama_seal":"Hare Krishna Hare Krishna · Krishna Krishna Hare Hare · Hare Rama Hare Rama · Rama Rama Hare Hare"}}}